Base64编码要求把3个8位字节(3*8=24)转化为4个6位的字节(4*6=24),之后在6位的前面补两个0,形成8位一个字节的形式。 如果剩下的字符不足3个字节,则用0填充,输出字符使用‘=‘,因此编码后输出的文本末尾可能会出现1或2个‘=‘。为了保证所输出的编码位可读字符,Base64制定了一个编码表,以便进行统一转换。编码表的大小为2^6=64,这也是Base64名称的由来。
Base64编码表:
码值 | 字符 | 码值 | 字符 | 码值 | 字符 | 码值 | 字符 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | A | 16 | Q | 32 | g | 48 | w | |||
1 | B | 17 | R | 33 | h | 49 | x | |||
2 | C | 18 | S | 34 | i | 50 | y | |||
3 | D | 19 | T | 35 | j | 51 | z | |||
4 | E | 20 | U | 36 | k | 52 | 0 | |||
5 | F | 21 | V | 37 | l | 53 | 1 | |||
6 | G | 22 | W | 38 | m | 54 | 2 | |||
7 | H | 23 | X | 39 | n | 55 | 3 | |||
8 | I | 24 | Y | 40 | o | 56 | 4 | |||
9 | J | 25 | Z | 41 | p | 57 | 5 | |||
10 | K | 26 | a | 42 | q | 58 | 6 | |||
11 | L | 27 | b | 43 | r | 59 | 7 | |||
12 | M | 28 | c | 44 | s | 60 | 8 | |||
13 | N | 29 | d | 45 | t | 61 | 9 | |||
14 | O | 30 | e | 46 | u | 62 | + | |||
15 | P | 31 | f | 47 | v | 63 | / |
public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { textBox1.Text = "X2009中国"; } private void textBox1_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { byte[] bs = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(textBox1.Text); textBox2.Text = BitConverter.ToString(bs); string result = "{"; foreach (byte b in bs) result += "0x" + b.ToString("x2") + ","; result = result.TrimEnd(‘,‘) + "}"; textBox3.Text = result; textBox4.Text = Convert.ToBase64String(bs); } }