MySQL5.7单实例二进制包安装方法
一、环境
OS: CentOS release 6.9 (Final)
MySQL: mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
说明：类似的操作系统也可以的。为了方便起见，涉及到的操作，均可以直接粘贴复制，比较直观快捷的实施，我没有将带有命令行的截图或者文字粘贴出来。
可能会与路径有关，本文档是基于实践而记录下的，可能与你的环境有所不同，请遇到问题，具体分析查找资料。
二、准备工作
2.1、修改主机名称
hostname myserver sed -i ‘s/shell/myserver/‘ /etc/sysconfig/network
2.2、关闭selinux
sed -i ‘s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/‘ /etc/selinux/config setenforce 0
2.3、修改系统内核参数
cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF fs.file-max=655360 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 kernel.sem = 5050 646400 5050 128 kernel.shmmax = 137438953472 kernel.shmall = 4294967296 kernel.shmmni = 4096 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000 net.core.wmem_default = 8388608 net.core.rmem_default = 8388608 net.core.rmem_max = 16777216 net.core.wmem_max = 16777216 net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 16777216 net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 65536 16777216 net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 10 net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 300 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 32768 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0 net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 vm.swappiness=1 EOF # 使其生效 sysctl -p
2.4、安装依赖包
# 需要配置yum yum clean all yum -y update yum -y install gd libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel net-snmp-devel wget telnet vim zip unzip yum -y install curl-devel libxslt-devel pcre-devel libjpeg libpng libcurl4-openssl-dev yum -y install libcurl-devel libcurl freetype-config freetype freetype-devel unixODBC libxslt yum -y install libtool openssl-devel yum -y install perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed yum -y install ncurses-devel.x86_64 openldap-devel.x86_64 lrzsz openssh-clients gcc-g77 bison yum -y install libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel mhash mhash-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel yum -y install ntpdate rsync svn patch iptables iptables-services yum -y install libevent libevent-devel cyrus-sasl cyrus-sasl-devel yum -y install gd-devel libmemcached-devel memcached git libssl-devel libyaml-devel auto yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make autoconf automake ncurses-devel ncurses cmake libaio libaio-devel boost yum -y install perl-DBI perl-DBD-MySQL perl-Time-HiRes perl-IO-Socket-SSL perl perl-devel yum -y groupinstall "Server Platform Development" "Development tools" yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"
2.5、基本初始化
mkdir -p /opt/mysql cd /opt/mysql/ wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz tar -zxf mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz cd /usr/local/ ln -s /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
2.6、创建所需要的目录
mkdir -p /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/{data,logs,tmp} mkdir -p /data/backup/
# 更改权限
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql -d /home/mysql -s /sbin/nologin
2.7、创建配置文件
# 排除干扰因素 if [ -f /etc/my.cnf ]; then mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak fi cat >/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf <<EOF # my_3306.cnf [client] port = 3306 socket = /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp/mysql_3306.sock [mysql] #prompt="\u@\h:\p \R:\m:\s [\d]>" #tee=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/data/query.log #prompt="\u@\h:\p \R:\m:\s [\d]>" prompt = "[\u@\h][\d]>\_" connect_timeout = 5 no-auto-rehash [mysqld] #misc user = mysql basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/data port = 3306 socket = /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp/mysql_3306.sock #timeout interactive_timeout = 300 wait_timeout = 300 #character set character-set-server = utf8 open_files_limit = 65535 max_connections = 100 max_connect_errors = 100000 skip-name-resolve = 1 disable-partition-engine-check=1 #logs log-output=file slow_query_log = 1 slow_query_log_file = /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/mysql_3306_slow.log log-error = /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/mysql_3306_error.log log_error_verbosity = 3 pid-file = mysql_3306.pid long_query_time = 1 #log-slow-admin-statements = 1 #log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1 log-slow-slave-statements = 1 #tmp tmpdir=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp event_scheduler = 1 performance_schema = on max_allowed_packet = 32M character_set_server = utf8mb4 #character_set_server = utf8 default-time-zone = system default-storage-engine = InnoDB #bind_address = 172.16.151.248 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1 #binlog binlog_format = row server-id = 1813306 log-bin = /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/mysql-bin log-bin-index = /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/mysql-bin.index binlog_cache_size = 4M max_binlog_size = 1G max_binlog_cache_size = 2G sync_binlog = 1 expire_logs_days = 90 #replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.% replicate-wild-ignore-table=test.% replicate-wild-ignore-table=information_schema.% #relay log skip_slave_start = 1 max_relay_log_size = 1G relay_log_purge = 1 relay_log_recovery = 1 log_slave_updates #slave-skip-errors=1032,1053,1062 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=1 #buffers & cache table_open_cache = 2048 table_definition_cache = 2048 table_open_cache = 2048 max_heap_table_size = 96M sort_buffer_size = 2M join_buffer_size = 2M thread_cache_size = 256 query_cache_size = 0 query_cache_type = 0 query_cache_limit = 256K query_cache_min_res_unit = 512 thread_stack = 192K tmp_table_size = 96M key_buffer_size = 8M read_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 32M #myisam myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_repair_threads = 1 #innodb innodb_buffer_pool_size = 10G innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1 innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_log_buffer_size = 64M innodb_log_file_size = 500M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50 innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_rollback_on_timeout innodb_status_file = 1 innodb_io_capacity = 2000 transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT gtid_mode = ON enforce_gtid_consistency = ON master_info_repository = TABLE relay-log-info-repository = TABLE binlog_checksum = NONE log_slave_updates = ON binlog_row_image=FULL # Two-Master configure #server-1 #auto-increment-offset = 1 #auto-increment-increment = 2 #server-2 #auto-increment-offset = 2 #auto-increment-increment = 2 # semi sync replication settings # #plugin_dir = /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/plugin #plugin_load = "validate_password.so;rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so" plugin_dir = /usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin #官方版本的路径 plugin_load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so" #官方版本的路径 loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = on loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 5000 loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level = 32 loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave = on loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = on loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level = 32 loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1 loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1 loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 5000 loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count=1 loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point=AFTER_SYNC slave_preserve_commit_order = 1 slave_transaction_retries = 128 log_timestamps = system show_compatibility_56 = on slave_parallel_workers = 16 slave_parallel_type = LOGICAL_CLOCK loose_innodb_numa_interleave = 1 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 40 innodb_page_cleaners = 16 innodb_undo_log_truncate = 1 innodb_max_undo_log_size = 2G innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency = 128 #transaction_write_set_extraction = MURMUR32 # READ-UNCOMMITTED, READ-COMMITTED, REPEATABLE-READ, SERIALIZABLE ## transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED sql_mode = "STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY" # group replication ##log-bin = mysql ##server-id = 613306 ##gtid_mode = ON ##enforce_gtid_consistency = ON ##master_info_repository = TABLE ##relay-log-info-repository = TABLE ##binlog_checksum = NONE ##log_slave_updates = ON ##binlog_format = row ##transaction_write_set_extraction=XXHASH64 ##loose-group_replication_group_name = ‘3db33b36-0e51-409f-a61d-c99756e90154‘ ##loose-group_replication_start_on_boot = off ##loose-group_replication_local_address= "10.125.141.62:23306" # 不能超过5位数字 ##loose-group_replication_group_seeds= "10.125.141.62:23306,10.125.141.62:23307,10.125.141.62:23308" # 不能超过5位数字 ##loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group= off # loose-group_replication_single_primary_mode=FALSE ###本次搭建的是mutil_mode # loose-group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks= TRUE [mysqld_safe] #malloc-lib=/usr/local/mysql/lib/jmalloc.so nice=-19 open-files-limit=65535 EOF
2.8、初始化数据库
chown -R mysql.mysql /gomeo2o/data chown -R mysql.mysql /data/backup/ chmod -R 775 /data/backup/ /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --initialize-insecure &
# 查看日志
# tail -f /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/error.log
2.9、启动数据库推荐做法
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf &
2.10、进入mysql,修改账号
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p -P3306 -S /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp/mysql_3306.sock set sql_log_bin = 0; create user ‘rpl_user‘@‘%‘; grant replication slave on *.* to ‘rpl_user‘@‘10.%‘ identified by ‘BR8KLwXCKHgN‘; update mysql.user set authentication_string=password(‘rootpwd2017‘) where user=‘root‘; flush privileges; set sql_log_bin = 1; reset master ; reset slave all; exit;
######## 配置主从复制方法开始 ######## # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘172.16.1.10‘,MASTER_USER=‘rpl_user‘, # MASTER_PASSWORD=‘BR8KLwXCKHgN‘,MASTER_PORT=3306, # MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10,MASTER_AUTO_POSITION =1; # # start slave; # show slave status\G; ######## 配置主从复制方法结束 ########
2.12、设置便捷使用方式
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config_editor set --host=localhost --login-path=3306_localhost_login --user=root --port=3306 --password --socket=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp/mysql_3306.sock # 请输入root密码： rootpwd2017 alias mysql.3306.start=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf &‘ alias mysql.3306.stop=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login shutdown &‘ alias mysql.3306.login=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login‘ # alias mysql.3306.all_dump=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login -R -E --triggers -e --max_allowed_packet=16777216 --net_buffer_length=16384 --default-character-set=utf8mb4 --set-gtid-purged=OFF --master-data=2 --single-transaction --all-databases --quick | gzip >/data/backup/all_database_bak_`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M_%S`.sql.gz‘ cat >>/root/.bashrc <<EOF alias mysql.3306.start=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf &‘ alias mysql.3306.stop=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login shutdown &‘ alias mysql.3306.login=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login‘ # alias mysql.3306.all_dump=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login -R -E --triggers -e --max_allowed_packet=16777216 --net_buffer_length=16384 --default-character-set=utf8mb4 --set-gtid-purged=OFF --master-data=2 --single-transaction --all-databases --quick | gzip >/data/backup/all_database_bak_`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M_%S`.sql.gz‘ EOF source /root/.bash_profile cat >>/etc/rc.local <<EOF # alias mysql.3306.start=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf &‘ # alias mysql.3306.stop=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login shutdown &‘ # alias mysql.3306.login=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login‘ ## alias mysql.3306.all_dump=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login -R -E --triggers -e --max_allowed_packet=16777216 --net_buffer_length=16384 --default-character-set=utf8mb4 --set-gtid-purged=OFF --master-data=2 --single-transaction --all-databases --quick | gzip >/data/backup/all_database_bak_`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M_%S`.sql.gz‘ EOF
3、gtid故障处理一例
############################################# gtid故障处理开始 ############################################# # 模拟在从库删除库，然后再主库删除该库，报如下错误 # Last_SQL_Error: Error ‘Can‘t drop database ‘db1‘; database doesn‘t exist‘ on query. Default database: ‘db1‘. Query: ‘drop database db1‘ # Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: # Master_Server_Id: 623306 # Master_UUID: 11526eb0-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2 # Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info # SQL_Delay: 0 # SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL # Slave_SQL_Running_State: # Master_Retry_Count: 86400 # Master_Bind: # Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: # Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 170227 15:44:06 # Master_SSL_Crl: # Master_SSL_Crlpath: # Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 11526eb0-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2:1-2 # Executed_Gtid_Set: 11526eb0-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2:1, # 1760a7a5-fcbc-11e6-8f14-005056b90358:1 # Auto_Position: 1 # Replicate_Rewrite_DB: # Channel_Name: # Master_TLS_Version: # # 处理方法： # stop slave; # set gtid_next=‘11526eb0-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2:2‘; # begin; # commit; # set gtid_next=‘automatic‘; # start slave; # show slave status\G; ############################################# gtid故障处理结束 #############################################
四、配套卸载删除脚本
[root@myserver mysql]# sh Uninstall_mysql.sh 请注意,你正在关闭mysqld服务!!! [Y/N]: Y 你已经选择关闭mysqld服务操作,即将关闭!!! 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 mysql卸载完毕... [root@myserver mysql]# chmod +x Uninstall_mysql.sh
cat Uninstall_mysql.sh #!/bin/bash mysqld_count=`ps -ef|grep -v ‘grep‘ | grep mysqld |wc -l` echo " 请注意,你正在关闭mysqld服务!!!" function shutdown_and_delete_files () { if [ "${mysqld_count}" -eq 2 ]; then /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login shutdown & fi # 模拟打印进度条 for i in {1..10} do echo -n " $i" sleep 1 done # 删除链接文件 if [ -L /usr/local/mysql ]; then unlink /usr/local/mysql fi echo "" # 删除相应的文件 rm -rf /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 rm -rf /etc/my.cnf.bak rm -rf /data/backup/* cp /root/.bashrc /root/.bashrc.bak cp /etc/rc.local /etc/rc.local.bak sed -i ‘/mysql.3306/d‘ /root/.bashrc sed -i ‘/mysql.3306/d‘ /etc/rc.local rm -rf /gomeo2o/data/* echo "mysql卸载完毕..." echo "" } read -p "[Y/N]: " answer case "${answer}" in Y|y|YES|yes) echo "你已经选择关闭mysqld服务操作,即将关闭!!!" shutdown_and_delete_files ;; N|n|NO|no) echo "你已经取消关闭mysqld服务操作..." ;; *) #echo "Error choice" echo "Useage: [Y|YES|y|yes N|NO|n|no]" ;; esac
