网络编程(Socket)

这里对网络编程做下简单的整理，填补下自己这方面的知识空白。如果想了解请参考张子阳的.Net之美.
***
概念讲述

• TCP:面向连接的传输协议（网络协议的一种）
• 远程主机： 跨进程访问即为远程访问

• 套接字： 传输层与应用层的纽带，可使应用层编程不用关心传输层

  服务器与客户端链接

  服务端开启监听服务，客户端链接服务端。新建两个控制台程序Server/Client。
  Server:

  static void Main(string[] args)
      {
          Console.WriteLine("Server is running ...");
          IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
          int port = 8500;
  
          TcpListener listener = new TcpListener(ip, port);
          listener.Start();
  
          Console.WriteLine("\n\n Enter \"Q\" exit.");
          ConsoleKey key;
          do
          {
              key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
          } while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);
      }

  Client:

  static void Main(string[] args)
      {
          Console.WriteLine("Client Running");
  
          TcpClient client = new TcpClient();
  
          IPAddress serverIp = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
          int serverPort = 8500;
  
          try
          {
              client.Connect(serverIp, serverPort);
          }
          catch (Exception ex)
          {
              Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
              return;
          }
  
          Console.WriteLine("Server Connected!{0} --> {1}", client.Client.LocalEndPoint, client.Client.RemoteEndPoint);
  
          Console.WriteLine("\n\n Enter \"Q\" exit.");
          ConsoleKey key;
          do
          {
              key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
          } while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);
      }

  ---

  命令行运行netstat -a查看端口连接状态

  服务端获取客户端链接

  AcceptTcpClient()为阻塞方法，调用后线程等待客户端链接
  Server:

      static void Main(string[] args)
      {
          Console.WriteLine("Server is running ...");
          IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
          int port = 8500;
  
          TcpListener listener = new TcpListener(ip, port);
          listener.Start();
          Console.WriteLine("Start Listening ...");
  
          //目的获取多个客户端信息
          while(true)
          {
              try
              {
                  //获取一个连接，中断方法(等待客户端的链接)
                  TcpClient remoteClient = listener.AcceptTcpClient();
                  //打印链接到的客户端信息
                  Console.WriteLine("Client Connected!{0}<-{1}", remoteClient.Client.LocalEndPoint, remoteClient.Client.RemoteEndPoint);
              }
              catch (Exception ex)
              {
                  Console.WriteLine("Error:" + ex.Message);
              }
          }
      }

  客户端发送信息服务端接受

  Server:

  static void Main(string[] args)
      {
          int BufferSize = 8192;
  
          Console.WriteLine("Server is running ...");
          IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
          int port = 8500;
  
          TcpListener listener = new TcpListener(ip, port);
          listener.Start();
          Console.WriteLine("Start Listening ...");
  
          //目的获取多个客户端信息
          while(true)
          {
              try
              {
                  //获取一个连接，中断方法(等待客户端的链接)
                  TcpClient remoteClient = listener.AcceptTcpClient();
                  //打印链接到的客户端信息
                  Console.WriteLine("Client Connected!{0}<-{1}", remoteClient.Client.LocalEndPoint, remoteClient.Client.RemoteEndPoint);
  
                  //获得流并写入buffer中
                  NetworkStream streamToClient = remoteClient.GetStream();
                  byte[] buffer = new byte[BufferSize];
                  int bytesRead = streamToClient.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
                  Console.WriteLine("Reading data,{0}bytes",bytesRead);
  
                  //获得请求的字符串
                  string msg = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
                  Console.WriteLine("Received:{0}",msg);
              }
              catch (Exception ex)
              {
                  Console.WriteLine("Error:" + ex.Message);
              }
          }
      }

  Client:

  static void Main(string[] args)
      {
          Console.WriteLine("Client Running");
  
          TcpClient client = new TcpClient();
  
          IPAddress serverIp = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
          int serverPort = 8500;
  
          try
          {
              client.Connect(serverIp, serverPort);
          }
          catch (Exception ex)
          {
              Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
              return;
          }
  
          Console.WriteLine("Server Connected!{0} --> {1}", client.Client.LocalEndPoint, client.Client.RemoteEndPoint);
  
          string msg = "\"Welcome To TraceFact.Net\"";
          NetworkStream streamToServer = client.GetStream();
  
          byte[] buffer = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(msg);
          streamToServer.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
          Console.WriteLine("Sent:{0}",msg);
          Console.WriteLine("\n\n Enter \"Q\" exit.");
          ConsoleKey key;
          do
          {
              key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
          } while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);
      }