标签:style blog http color io 使用 ar for div
原题地址:https://oj.leetcode.com/problems/n-queens/
题意:经典的N皇后问题。
解题思路:这类型问题统称为递归回溯问题,也可以叫做对决策树的深度优先搜索(dfs)。N皇后问题有个技巧的关键在于棋盘的表示方法,这里使用一个数组就可以表达了。比如board=[1, 3, 0, 2],这是4皇后问题的一个解,意思是:在第0行,皇后放在第1列;在第1行,皇后放在第3列;在第2行,皇后放在第0列;在第3行,皇后放在第2列。这道题提供一个递归解法,下道题使用非递归。
check函数用来检查在第k行,皇后是否可以放置在第j列。
Queen逐行放入棋盘, 每放入一个新的queen, 只需要检查她跟之前的queen是否列冲突和对角线冲突就可以了。如果两个queen的坐标为(i1, j1)和(i2, j2), 当abs(i1 - i2) = abs(j1 - j2)时就对角线冲突。
Since we simplify the solution into 1D, this means:
if:
abs(i - depth) == abs(board[i] - j):
Then:
对角线冲突
This corresponds to two points in the orginal 2D board:
(i, board[i]) and (depth, j)
Code:
class Solution: # @return a list of lists of string def solveNQueens(self, n): def check(depth, j): for i in range(depth): # board[i] == j: means jth column is already occupied in the past since i < depth for sure # abs(i - depth) == abs(board[i] - j) # means diagnoal collission # Because, this corresponds to two points in the orginal 2D board: (i, board[i]) and (depth, j) # if board[i] == j or abs(i - depth) == abs(board[i] - j): return False return True def dfs(depth, vals): if depth == n: res.append(vals); return s = ‘.‘*n for j in range(n): if check(depth, j): board[depth] = j dfs(depth + 1, vals + [ s[:j] + ‘Q‘ + s[j+1:] ]) board = [-1] * n res =[] dfs(0,[]) return res
标签:style blog http color io 使用 ar for div
原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/asrman/p/3984279.html