官方参考链接:http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#server_tokens
Syntax: server_tokens on | off | build | string;
Default: server_tokens on;(默认显示nginx服务版本)
Context: http, server, location
实践配置:
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.etiantian.org;
server_tokens off;
root html/www;
index index.html index.htm;
}
[root@web01 conf]# curl -I www.etiantian.org
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx <-- 版本号信息已经隐藏
Date: Thu, 08 Mar 2018 06:15:18 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 19
Last-Modified: Mon, 05 Feb 2018 00:58:31 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5a77ac37-13"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
可以通过修改程序源代码,实现修改nginx服务名称
第一个文件: /server/tools/nginx-1.12.2/src/core/nginx.h
13行#define NGINX_VERSION "6.6.6" #<==已修改为想要显示的版本号
14行 #define NGINX_VER “oldboy/" NGINX_VERSION #<==已修改为想要显示的名字
22行 #define NGINX_VAR ”oldboy" #<==已修改为想要显示的名字
将以上源码文件中三行内容进行修改
第二个文件:/server/tools/nginx-1.12.2/src/http/ngx_http_header_filter_module.c
49行 static u_char ngx_http_server_string[] = "Server: oldboy" CRLF; #<=== 将nginx名称改为想要显示的名字
第三个文件:nginx1.xxx/src/http/ngx_http_special_response.c
改动之前配置信息
21 static u_char ngx_http_error_full_tail[] =
22 "<hr><center>" NGINX_VER "</center>" CRLF
23 "</body>" CRLF
24 "</html>" CRLF
25 ;
改动之后配置信息
21 static u_char ngx_http_error_full_tail[] =
22 "<hr><center>" NGINX_VER "(http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com)</center>" CRLF
23 "</body>" CRLF
24 "</html>" CRLF
25 ;
改动之前配置信息:
35 static u_char ngx_http_error_tail[] =
36 "<hr><center>nginx</center>" CRLF
37 "</body>" CRLF
38 "</html>" CRLF
39 ;
改动之后配置信息:
35 static u_char ngx_http_error_tail[] =
36 "<hr><center>oldboy</center>" CRLF
37 "</body>" CRLF
38 "</html>" CRLF
第一种方法:
编译安装软件时,指定配置参数
--user=www --group=www
第二种方法:
修改服务配置文件,实现修改worker进程用户
官方链接说明:http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#user
Syntax:user user [group];
Default:user nobody nobody;
Context:main
实践配置:
user oldboy oldboy;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /tmp/error.log error;
[root@web01 nginx-1.12.2]# ps -ef|grep nginx
root 47630 1 0 14:48 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx
oldboy 47713 47630 0 15:01 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
官方参考链接:http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#worker_processes
Syntax: worker_processes number | auto;
Default: worker_processes 1;
Context: main
worker_processes进程数据建议:(一般和CPU的核数设置一致;高并发可以和CPU核数2倍)
1)建议数量和你的服务器CPU核数一致
a. grep processor /proc/cpuinfo|wc -l
b. 如何通过top命令获取cpu核数:按键盘数字1获取到
2) 建议数量和你的服务器cpu核数两倍一致
官方参考链接:http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#worker_cpu_affinity
Syntax: worker_cpu_affinity cpumask ...;
worker_cpu_affinity auto [cpumask];
Default: —
Context: main
4核4路CPU配置方法
worker_processes 4;
worker_cpu_affinity 0001 0010 0100 1000;
8核4路CPU配置方法:
worker_processes 8;
worker_cpu_affinity 0001 0010 0100 1000 0001 0010 0100 1000;
worker_processes 8;
worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000 00010000 00100000 01000000 10000000;
4核心2路CPU配置方法:
worker_processes 4;
worker_cpu_affinity 0001 0010 0100 1000;
worker_processes 4;
worker_cpu_affinity 0101 1010;
官方参考链接:http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#use
Syntax: use method;
Default: —
Context: events
实践优化配置:
events {
worker_connections 1024;
use epoll;
}
官方参考链接:http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#worker_connections
Syntax:worker_connections number;
Default:worker_connections 512;
Context:events
注意事项:
worker_connections*worker_processes <= 系统的最大打开文件数
#加大文件描述
echo '* - nofile 65535 ' >>/etc/security/limits.conf
官方参考链接:http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#worker_rlimit_nofile
Syntax:worker_rlimit_core size;
Default:—
Context:main
实践配置:
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
#<==最大打开文件数,可设置为系统优化后的ulimit -HSn的结果,在第3章中,调整系统文件描述符和这个问题有相同之处
官方链接参考:http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#sendfile
Syntax:sendfile on | off;
Default:sendfile off;
Context:http, server, location, if in location
sendfile on 开启底层高效传输数据模式
官方链接参考:http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#tcp_nopush
Syntax:tcp_nopush on | off;
Default:tcp_nopush off;
Context:http, server, location
tcp_nopush on 对快递员有利(自身服务器有利)
让数据不着急传输
网络中传输数据的车==数据包 1500 3100k 1500 1500 100 1400
官方链接参考:http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#tcp_nodelay
Syntax:tcp_nodelay on | off;
Default:tcp_nodelay on;
Context:http, server, location
tcp_nodelay on 对用户感知更好
尽快将数据传输出去
实践配置:
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay off;
keepalive_timeout <-- 表示传输双方在指定时间内,没有数据传输就超时断开连接
官方链接参考:https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#keepalive_timeout
Syntax: keepalive_timeout timeout [header_timeout];
Default: keepalive_timeout 75s;
Context: http, server, location
client_header_timeout <-- 表示客户端发送请求报文的请求头部信息间隔超时时间
官方链接参考:https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#client_header_timeout
Syntax:client_header_timeout time;
Default:
client_header_timeout 60s;
Context:http, server
client_body_timeout <-- 表示客户端发送请求报文的请求主体信息间隔超时时间
官方链接参考:https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#client_body_timeout
Syntax:client_body_timeout time;
Default:
client_body_timeout 60s;
Context:http, server, location
send_timeout <-- 表示服务端发送响应报文的间隔超时时间
官方链接参考:https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#send_timeout
Syntax:send_timeout time;
Default:
send_timeout 60s;
Context:http, server, location
client_max_body_size 控制上传数据大小限制参数
官方链接参考:https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#client_max_body_size
Syntax:client_max_body_size size;
Default:client_max_body_size 1m;
Context:http, server, location
原文地址:http://blog.51cto.com/13520774/2087320