Oracle 数据备份与恢复

前言

一：备份与恢复概述

二：RMAN 工具概述

1： RMAN 组件

•        1： RMAN命令执行器

  1 [oracle@localhost ~]$ rman target system/nocatalog
  2 
  3 Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Mar 27 23:58:10 2018
  4 
  5 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
  6 
  7 connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1457025880)
  8 
  9 RMAN> show all
 10 2> ;
 11 
 12 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
 13 RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name ORCL are:
 14 CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
 15 CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
 16 CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
 17 CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default
 18 CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO ‘%F‘; # default
 19 CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
 20 CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
 21 CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
 22 CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
 23 CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
 24 CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM ‘AES128‘; # default
 25 CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM ‘BASIC‘ AS OF RELEASE ‘DEFAULT‘ OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
 26 CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
 27 CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO ‘/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_orcl.f‘; # default
 28 
 29 RMAN>

•        2：目标数据库

•        3：RMAN恢复目录

•        4：介质管理子系统

•       5：备份数据库

•       6：恢复目录数据库

2：RMAN 通道

•        1 ：手动分配通道

                   示例：手动分配一个名称为 ch_1的通道，其文件路径为：/home/oracle/oracle_system_files_back/%u_%c.bak;

  1 run{
  2 allocate channel ch_1 device type disk
  3 format = ‘d:\oraclebf\%u_%c.bak‘;
  4 backup tablespace system,users,tbsp_1,ts_1 channel ch_1;
  5 }

•        2：自动分配通道

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