2018-04-27 Linux学习

标签：Linux学习

只能代理http

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/load.conf // 写入如下内容

upstream qq_com
{
ip_hash;
server 61.135.157.156:80;
server 125.39.240.113:80;
}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name www.qq.com;
location /
{
proxy_pass http://qq_com;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
}

upstream来指定多个web server

dig工具
yum -y install bind-utils

[root@linux-01 ~]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 www.qq.com
This is default site.

[root@linux-01 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/load.conf

upstream qq
{
ip_hash;
server 14.17.32.211:80;
server 14.17.42.40:80;
}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name www.qq.com;
location /
{
proxy_pass http://qq;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
}

[root@linux-01 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@linux-01 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

[root@linux-01 ~]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 www.qq.com    //显示www.qq.com的网页内容

12.18 ssl原理

SSL工作流程

浏览器发送一个https的请求给服务器；
 服务器要有一套数字证书，可以自己制作（后面的操作就是阿铭自己制作的证书），也可以向组织申请，区别就是自己颁发的证书需要客户端验证通过，才可以继续访问，而使用受信任的公司申请的证书则不会弹出>提示页面，这套证书其实就是一对公钥和私钥；

 服务器会把公钥传输给客户端；

 客户端（浏览器）收到公钥后，会验证其是否合法有效，无效会有警告提醒，有效则会生成一串随机数，并用收到的公钥加密；

 客户端把加密后的随机字符串传输给服务器；

 服务器收到加密随机字符串后，先用私钥解密（公钥加密，私钥解密），获取到这一串随机数后，再用这串随机字符串加密传输的数据（该加密为对称加密，所谓对称加密，就是将数据和私钥也就是这个随机字符串>通过某种算法混合在一起，这样除非知道私钥，否则无法获取数据内容）；

 服务器把加密后的数据传输给客户端；

 客户端收到数据后，再用自己的私钥也就是那个随机字符串解密；

12.19 生产ssl密钥对

cd /usr/local/nginx/conf

openssl genrsa -des3 -out tmp.key 2048 //key文件为私钥

openssl rsa -in tmp.key -out aminglinux.key //转换key，取消密码

rm -f tmp.key

openssl req -new -key aminglinux.key -out aminglinux.csr //生成证书请求文件，需要拿这个文件和私钥一起生产公钥文件

openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in aminglinux.csr -signkey aminglinux.key -out aminglinux.crt //这里的aminglinux.crt为公钥

生成过程

[root@linux-01 ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@linux-01 conf]# openssl genrsa -des3 -out tmp.key 2048
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
.............................................+++
......................+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
Enter pass phrase for tmp.key:
Verifying - Enter pass phrase for tmp.key:

[root@linux-01 conf]# openssl rsa -in tmp.key -out aminglinux.key
Enter pass phrase for tmp.key:
writing RSA key

[root@linux-01 conf]# rm -rf tmp.key

[root@linux-01 conf]# openssl req -new -key aminglinux.key -out aminglinux.csr
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ‘.‘, the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:11
State or Province Name (full name) []:www
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:sz
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:www
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:www
Common Name (eg, your name or your server‘s hostname) []:wwwhost
Email Address []:www@163.com

Please enter the following ‘extra‘ attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:www123456
An optional company name []:wwwchina

[root@linux-01 conf]# openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in aminglinux.csr -signkey aminglinux.key -out aminglinux.crt
Signature ok
subject=/C=11/ST=www/L=sz/O=www/OU=www/CN=wwwhost/emailAddress=www@163.com
Getting Private key

12.20 Nginx配置ssl

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/ssl.conf //加入如下内容

server
{
listen 443;
server_name aming.com;
index index.html index.php;
root /data/wwwroot/aming.com;
ssl on;
ssl_certificate aminglinux.crt;
ssl_certificate_key aminglinux.key;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
}

-t && -s reload //若报错unknown directive “ssl” ，需要重新编译nginx，加上--with-http_ssl_module

mkdir /data/wwwroot/aming.com
echo “ssl test page.”>/data/wwwroot/aming.com/index.html

编辑hosts，增加127.0.0.1 aming.com
curl https://aming.com/

操作过程

[root@linux-01 conf]# cd vhost/

[root@linux-01 vhost]# mkdir /data/wwwroot/aming.com

[root@linux-01 vhost]# vim ssl.conf
添加上面的配置内容

[root@linux-01 vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: [emerg] unknown directive "ssl" in /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/ssl.conf:7
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test failed

[root@linux-01 vhost]# cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.12.2/
[root@linux-01 nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure --help |grep -i ssl
  --with-http_ssl_module             enable ngx_http_ssl_module
  --with-mail_ssl_module             enable ngx_mail_ssl_module
  --with-stream_ssl_module           enable ngx_stream_ssl_module
  --with-stream_ssl_preread_module   enable ngx_stream_ssl_preread_module
  --with-openssl=DIR                 set path to OpenSSL library sources
  --with-openssl-opt=OPTIONS         set additional build options for OpenSSL

[root@linux-01 nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module

[root@linux-01 nginx-1.12.2]# make
[root@linux-01 nginx-1.12.2]# make install

[root@linux-01 nginx-1.12.2]# cd /data/wwwroot/aming.com/
[root@linux-01 aming.com]# vim 1.txt
This is default site.

[root@linux-01 aming.com]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@linux-01 aming.com]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

[root@linux-01 aming.com]# curl -x127.0.0.1:443 https://aming.com/
curl: (7) Failed connect to 127.0.0.1:443; 拒绝连接

[root@linux-01 aming.com]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   aming.com

[root@linux-01 aming.com]# curl https://aming.com/
curl: (7) Failed connect to aming.com:443; 拒绝连接

电脑端直接显示  This is default site.  有不安全提示

2018-04-27 Linux学习

标签：Linux学习

原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/9298822/2108636