标签:des style blog http color io os ar 文件
1 信号量
信号量可以有n把锁。
依赖的头文件
#include <semaphore.h>
函数声明
sem_t 表示信号量
int sem_init(sem_t *sem, int pshared,unsigned int value);
名称: |
sem_init |
功能: |
initialize an unnamed semaphore,初始化信号量sem_t,初始化的时候可以指定信号量的初始值,以及是否可以在多进程间共享。 |
头文件: |
#include <semaphore.h> |
函数原形: |
int sem_init(sem_t *sem, int pshared, unsigned int value); |
参数: |
|
返回值: |
sem_init() returns 0 on success; on error, -1 is returned, and errno is set to indicate the error. |
int sem_wait(sem_t *sem);
int sem_trywait(sem_t *sem);
名称: |
sem_wait sem_trywait |
功能: |
lock a semaphore 一直阻塞等待直到信号量 > 0. |
头文件: |
#include <semaphore.h> |
函数原形: |
int sem_wait(sem_t *sem); int sem_trywait(sem_t *sem); |
参数: |
|
返回值: |
All of these functions return 0 on success; on error, the value of the semaphore is left unchanged, -1 is returned, and errno is set to indicate the error. |
int sem_timedwait(sem_t *sem, const structtimespec *abs_timeout);
名称: |
sem_timedwait |
功能: |
lock a semaphore,阻塞等待若干时间直到信号量 > 0 |
头文件: |
#include <semaphore.h> |
函数原形: |
int sem_timedwait(sem_t *sem, const struct timespec *abs_timeout); |
参数: |
|
返回值: |
All of these functions return 0 on success; on error, the value of the semaphore is left unchanged, -1 is returned, and errno is set to indicate the error. |
int sem_post(sem_t *sem);
名称: |
sem_post |
功能: |
unlock a semaphore,使信号量加1。 |
头文件: |
#include <semaphore.h> |
函数原形: |
int sem_post(sem_t *sem); |
参数: |
|
返回值: |
sem_post() returns 0 on success; on error, the value of the semaphore is left unchanged, -1 is returned, and errno is set to indicate the error. |
int sem_destroy(sem_t *sem);
名称: |
sem_destroy |
功能: |
destroy an unnamed semaphore 释放信号量。和sem_int对应 |
头文件: |
#include <semaphore.h> |
函数原形: |
int sem_destroy(sem_t *sem); |
参数: |
|
返回值: |
sem_destroy() return 0 on success;on error,-1 is returned,an errno is set to indicate the error. |
案例说明:
#include <stdlib.h> #include <pthread.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <semaphore.h>
#define NUM 5
int queue[NUM]; sem_t blank_number,product_number;
void *producer(void *arg) { int p = 0; while(1) { //blank_num = 5 生产者最多生产5个 //一直阻塞等待信号量大于0 sem_wait(&blank_number); queue[p] = rand() % 1000 + 1; printf("Produce %d\n",queue[p]); //product_number = 0 ->1 //使信号量加1 sem_post(&product_number); p = (p + 1) % NUM; sleep(rand() % 5); } }
void *consumer(void *arg) { int c = 0; while (1) { //等待信号量大于0 sem_wait(&product_number); printf("Consume %d\n",queue[c]); queue[c] = 0; //使信号量加1 sem_post(&blank_number); c = (c + 1) % NUM; sleep(rand() % 5); } } int main(int argc ,char *argv[]) { pthread_t pid,cid; //将blank_num信号量初始化的值为5 sem_init(&blank_number,0,NUM); //将product_number信号量初始化的值变为5 sem_init(&product_number,0,0); pthread_create(&pid,NULL,producer,NULL); pthread_create(&cid,NULL,consumer,NULL); pthread_join(pid,NULL); pthread_join(cid,NULL); sem_destroy(&blank_number); sem_destroy(&product_number); return 0; } |
运行结果:
标签:des style blog http color io os ar 文件
原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/tototuzuoquan/article/details/39554075