标签：Linux学习
13.1 设置更改root密码/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot
更改环境变量PATH，增加mysql绝对路径
mysqladmin -uroot password ‘123456‘
mysql -uroot -p123456
密码重置
vi /etc/my.cnf //增加skip-grant
重启mysql服务 /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
mysql -uroot
use mysql;
update user set password=password(‘aminglinux‘) where user=‘root‘;
操作过程
添加PATH
[root@linux-01 ~]# mysql -uroot
-bash: mysql: 未找到命令
[root@linux-01 ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
[root@linux-01 ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
[root@linux-01 ~]# export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/
[root@linux-01 ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin/
[root@linux-01 ~]# mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.39 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql>设置密码
[root@linux-01 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot password ‘aminglinux.1‘
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@linux-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
输入密码能正常登陆更改密码
[root@linux-01 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p‘aminglinux.1‘ password ‘aminglinux.2‘
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@linux-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
输入密码能正常登陆重置密码 (不知密码)
[root@linux-01 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
skip-grant
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
[root@linux-01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@linux-01 ~]# mysql -uroot
mysql> use mysql
mysql> select * from user;
mysql> update user set password=password(‘aminglinux‘) where user=‘root‘;
[root@linux-01 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
[root@linux-01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@linux-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
输入密码能正常登陆13.2 连接MySQL
mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h127.0.0.1 -P3306
mysql -uroot -p123456 -S/tmp/mysql.sock
mysql -uroot -p123456 -e “show databases”
[root@linux-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -paminglinux -e "show databases"
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+13.3 MySQL常用命令
查询库 show databases;
切换库 use mysql;
查看库里的表 show tables;
查看表里的字段 desc tb_name;
查看建表语句 show create table tb_name\G;
查看当前用户 select user();
查看当前使用的数据库 select database();
创建库 create database db1;
创建表 use db1; create table t1(id int(4), name char(40));
查看当前数据库版本 select version();
查看数据库状态 show status;
查看各参数 show variables; show variables like ‘max_connect%‘;
修改参数 set global max_connect_errors=1000;
查看队列 show processlist; show full processlist;
操作过程
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv |
| db |
| event |
| func |
| general_log |
| help_category |
| help_keyword |
| help_relation |
| help_topic |
| innodb_index_stats |
| innodb_table_stats |
| ndb_binlog_index |
| plugin |
| proc |
| procs_priv |
| proxies_priv |
| servers |
| slave_master_info |
| slave_relay_log_info |
| slave_worker_info |
| slow_log |
| tables_priv |
| time_zone |
| time_zone_leap_second |
| time_zone_name |
| time_zone_transition |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user |
+---------------------------+
28 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc user;
mysql> show create table user\G;
mysql> select user();
+----------------+
| user() |
+----------------+
| root@localhost |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)会反解析登陆ip
[root@linux-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -paminglinux -h192.168.106.160
mysql> select user();
+---------------+
| user() |
+---------------+
| root@linux-01 |
+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)查看库
mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| NULL |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| mysql |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)创建库
mysql> create database db1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use db1;
Database changed创建表
mysql> create table t1(`id` int(4), `name` char(40));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show create table t1\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: t1
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`id` int(4) DEFAULT NULL,
`name` char(40) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified创建表，指定字符串
mysql> create table t1(`id` int(4), `name` char(40)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show create table t1\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: t1
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`id` int(4) DEFAULT NULL,
`name` char(40) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified查看版本
mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 5.6.39 |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)查看数据库状态
mysql> show status;
+-----------------------------------------------+-------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------------------------------------+-------------+
| Aborted_clients | 0 |
| Aborted_connects | 0 |
| Binlog_cache_disk_use | 0 |
| Binlog_cache_use | 0 |查看各参数
mysql> show variables;
mysql> show variables like ‘max_connect%‘;
+--------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------+-------+
| max_connect_errors | 100 |
| max_connections | 151 |
+--------------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show variables like ‘slow%‘;
+---------------------+-------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------+-------------------------------+
| slow_launch_time | 2 |
| slow_query_log | OFF |
| slow_query_log_file | /data/mysql/linux-01-slow.log |
+---------------------+-------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)修改参数，临时生效，若长期生效需要改配置文件 my.conf
mysql> set global max_connect_errors=1000;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show variables like ‘max_connect%‘;
+--------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------+-------+
| max_connect_errors | 1000 |
| max_connections | 151 |
+--------------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)查看队列
mysql> show processlist;
+----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |
+----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| 10 | root | localhost | db1 | Query | 0 | init | show processlist |
+----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show full processlist;
+----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+-----------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |
+----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+-----------------------+
| 10 | root | localhost | db1 | Query | 0 | init | show full processlist |
+----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)标签：Linux学习
原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/9298822/2113778
