Oracle单机Rman笔记[4]---RMAN联机备份

备注：RMAN备份（仅支持基于spfile的备份，不支持基于init.ora配置的备份）

 练习：开启ARCHIVELOG模式
    1\为归档的重做日志被指FRA和单独的归档日志目标
        SQL>show parameter db_recovery_file_dest;
        SQL>alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G;
       
        SQL>alter system set db_recovery_file_dest=‘/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area‘;
    2\现在，定义两个归档日志目标目录，一个是FRA。设置数据库文件并设置LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1参数，让它指向预先定义的文件系统，该文件系统将是第一个归档日志目录，由于要配置LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1参数使用1=RA，因此需要使用参数USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST参数来设置LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10参数以指向FRA.
    使用show parameter命令来验证设置是否正确
        SQL>alter system set log_archive_dest_1=‘location=/backup/archive/ORCL‘;
        SQL>alter system set log_archive_dest_10=‘location=USE_DB_RECOVER_FILE_DEST‘;
        SQL>show parameter log_archive_dest;
        SQL>show parameter recover;
        SQL>archive log list ;
    
    3\关闭数据库
        SQL>shutdown immediate;
    4\加载数据库
        SQL>startup mount;
    5\将数据库置入ARCHIVELOG模式
        SQL>alter database archivelog;
        查看归档模式
        SQL>archive log list;
        查看归档模式是否开启
        SQL>select log_mode from v$database;
    6\打开数据库
        SQL>alter database open;

练习：关闭归档模式
        SQL>shutdown immediate;
        SQL>startup mount;
        SQL>alter database noarchivelog;
        SQL>alter database open

练习：执行一个联机备份操作
        1\启动RMAN
            [:~]$ rman target=backup_admin/111111
        2\启动备份操作
            RMAN>backup  database plus archivelog;
        2\备份后删除归档日志
            RMAN>backup  database plus archivelog delete input;
        2\备份，设置每个备份集里只有一个备份文件
            RMAN>backup filesperset = 1  database plus archivelog delete input;
            
            执行时报错‘ORA-19809: limit exceeded for recovery files ‘
            解决方式增大闪回区大小：
                 SQL>alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=10G;
            
            配置归档日志的默认位置
                configure channel 1 device type disk format ‘/backup/archive/ORCL/backup_%U‘
            配置备份有两个副本
                configure datafile backup copies for device type disk to 2;
            自动备份控制文件
                configure controlfile autobackup on;
            清除默认信道1的设置
                configure channel 1 device type disk clear
            设置控制文件备份格式
                configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to ‘/backup/archive/ORCL/CONTROLFILE.ORCL.%F‘;
            检查归档日志
                crosscheck archivelog all;
            删除过期归档日志
                delete expired archivelog all;
                delete archivelog all completed before ‘sysdate-1‘;  
                delete archivelog all completed before ‘sysdate‘;  

                
    run{            
        configure controlfile autobackup on;
        set controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to ‘CONTROLFILE.ORCL.%F‘;
        backup filesperset = 1  database plus archivelog delete input;
    }