标签：val print 八进制 pre type 调用 port alc mail
abc(*args, **kwargs)
取绝对值
def add(a,b,f):
return f(a)+f(b)
res = add(3,-6,abs)
print(res)all(*args, **kwargs)
如果可迭代对象里面所有的元素都为真（非0），返回True
可迭代对象为空，也返回True
print( all([1,-5,3]) )
print( all([0,-5,3]) )
print(all([]))
运行结果：
True
False
True
any(*args, **kwargs)
如果可迭代对象里面任意的元素都为真（非0），返回True
可迭代对象为空，也返回False
print( any([]) )
print( any([1,-5,3]) )
print( any([0,-5,3]) )
运行结果：
False
True
True
ascii(*args, **kwargs)
Return an ASCII-only representation of an object.
a= ascii([1,2,"开外挂开外挂"])
print(type(a),[a])
运行结果：
<class ‘str‘> ["[1, 2, ‘\\u5f00\\u5916\\u6302\\u5f00\\u5916\\u6302‘]"]
bin(*args, **kwargs)
Return the binary representation of an integer.
十进制转二进制
print(bin(1))
print(bin(3))
print(bin(8))
print(bin(255))
运行结果：
0b1
0b11
0b1000
0b11111111
bool(x)
判断真假bytearray(）
字节和字符串不可修改，要修改，创建一个新的，在原有修改会覆盖
bytearray(）可修改的字节格式
a = bytes("abcde",encoding="utf-8")
b = bytearray("abcde",encoding="utf-8")
print(a.capitalize(),a)
print( b[1] )
b[1]= 50
print( b[1] )
print(b)
运行结果：
b‘Abcde‘ b‘abcde‘
98
50
bytearray(b‘a2cde‘)
callable(）
是否可以调用
def sayhi():pass
print( callable(sayhi) )
print( callable([]) )
运行结果：
True
False
chr(*args, **kwargs）
返回ASCII码对应值
print(chr(98))
print(chr(87))
运行结果：
b
W
ord()
输入的是ASCII码，与chr() 相反
print(ord(‘?‘))
print(ord(‘@‘))
运行结果：
63
64
complie()，exec（）
code = ‘‘‘
def fib(max): #10
n, a, b = 0, 0, 1
while n < max: #n<10
#print(b)
yield b
a, b = b, a + b
#a = b a =1, b=2, a=b , a=2,
# b = a +b b = 2+2 = 4
n = n + 1
return ‘---done---‘
g = fib(6)
for i in g:
print(i)
‘‘‘
py_obj = compile(code,"err.log","exec")
exec(py_obj)
exec(code)
dir()
看字典里有什么方法
>>> a= {}
>>> dir(a)
[‘__class__‘, ‘__contains__‘, ‘__delattr__‘, ‘__delitem__‘, ‘__dir__‘, ‘__doc__‘, ‘__eq__‘, ‘__format__‘, ‘__ge__‘, ‘__get
attribute__‘, ‘__getitem__‘, ‘__gt__‘, ‘__hash__‘, ‘__init__‘, ‘__init_subclass__‘, ‘__iter__‘, ‘__le__‘, ‘__len__‘, ‘__lt
__‘, ‘__ne__‘, ‘__new__‘, ‘__reduce__‘, ‘__reduce_ex__‘, ‘__repr__‘, ‘__setattr__‘, ‘__setitem__‘, ‘__sizeof__‘, ‘__str__‘
, ‘__subclasshook__‘, ‘clear‘, ‘copy‘, ‘fromkeys‘, ‘get‘, ‘items‘, ‘keys‘, ‘pop‘, ‘popitem‘, ‘setdefault‘, ‘update‘, ‘valu
es‘]
divmod(x, y)
Return the tuple (x//y, x%y) ，（商，余数）
>>> divmod(1,4)
(0, 1)
eval(*args, **kwargs)
可以把字符变字典，字符里有控制语句的（如for），就得用exec
a= "{1:‘sadas‘}"
print(type(eval(a)),eval(a))
x=1
print(eval("x+1+3"))
运行结果：
<class ‘dict‘> {1: ‘sadas‘}
5
filter（function，iterable）
先学习一下 匿名函数
def sayhi(n):
print(n)
sayhi(5)
(lambda n:print(n))(5)
calc = lambda n:3 if n<4 else n
print(calc(2))
运行结果：
5
5
3
filter（）一组数据中过滤出你想要的
res = filter(lambda n:n>5,range(10))
print(res) #变成一个迭代器
for i in res:
print(i)
运行结果：
<filter object at 0x0000018F692BB080>
6
7
8
9
map（）
res = map(lambda n:n*2,range(10)) # [i * 2 for i in range(10)] ， res = [ lambda i:i*2 for i in range(10)]
print(res)
for j in res:
print(j)
运行结果：
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
frozenset（）
>>> set2 = frozenset(set1)
>>> set2
frozenset({3, 4, 5})
>>> set2.remove(2)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
AttributeError: ‘frozenset‘ object has no attribute ‘remove‘
不可变集合
a = frozenset([1,4,333,212,33,33,12,4])
globals(*args, **kwargs)
返回当前程序所有变量的key，value
Return the dictionary containing the current scope‘s global variables.
print(globals())
运行结果：
{‘__name__‘: ‘__main__‘, ‘__doc__‘: None, ‘__package__‘: None, ‘__loader__‘: <_frozen_importlib_external.SourceFileLoader object at 0x000001E64F79B048>, ‘__spec__‘: None, ‘__annotations__‘: {}, ‘__builtins__‘: <module ‘builtins‘ (built-in)>, ‘__file__‘: ‘D:/PycharmProjects/python_code_scq/04_week_code/内置方法.py‘, ‘__cached__‘: None, ‘__author__‘: ‘sunchengquan‘, ‘__mail__‘: ‘1641562360@qq.com‘}
hex（）
转十六进制
>>> hex(2)
‘0x2‘
>>> hex(10)
‘0xa‘
>>> hex(15)
‘0xf‘
>>> hex(600)
‘0x258‘
id()
返回内存地址locals(*args, **kwargs)
def test():
local_var =333
print(locals())
print(globals())
test()
print(globals())
print(globals().get(‘local_var‘))
运行结果：
{‘local_var‘: 333}
{‘__name__‘: ‘__main__‘, ‘__doc__‘: None, ‘__package__‘: None, ‘__loader__‘: <_frozen_importlib_external.SourceFileLoader object at 0x000001E7C63BB048>, ‘__spec__‘: None, ‘__annotations__‘: {}, ‘__builtins__‘: <module ‘builtins‘ (built-in)>, ‘__file__‘: ‘D:/PycharmProjects/python_code_scq/04_week_code/内置方法.py‘, ‘__cached__‘: None, ‘__author__‘: ‘sunchengquan‘, ‘__mail__‘: ‘1641562360@qq.com‘, ‘test‘: <function test at 0x000001E7C6013E18>}
{‘__name__‘: ‘__main__‘, ‘__doc__‘: None, ‘__package__‘: None, ‘__loader__‘: <_frozen_importlib_external.SourceFileLoader object at 0x000001E7C63BB048>, ‘__spec__‘: None, ‘__annotations__‘: {}, ‘__builtins__‘: <module ‘builtins‘ (built-in)>, ‘__file__‘: ‘D:/PycharmProjects/python_code_scq/04_week_code/内置方法.py‘, ‘__cached__‘: None, ‘__author__‘: ‘sunchengquan‘, ‘__mail__‘: ‘1641562360@qq.com‘, ‘test‘: <function test at 0x000001E7C6013E18>}
None
oct（）
转八进制
>>> oct(7)
‘0o7‘
>>> oct(8)
‘0o10‘
>>> oct(9)
‘0o11‘
pow（）
Equivalent to x**y (with two arguments) or x**y % z (with three arguments)
>>> pow(3,3)
27
>>> pow(2,3)
8
>>> pow(2,8)
256
sorted(*args, **kwargs)
a = {6:2,8:0,1:4,-5:6,99:11,4:22}
print(sorted(a))
print(sorted(a.items())) #按key排序
print(sorted(a.items(),key=lambda x:x[1]))# 按value 排序
运行结果：
[-5, 1, 4, 6, 8, 99]
[(-5, 6), (1, 4), (4, 22), (6, 2), (8, 0), (99, 11)]
[(8, 0), (6, 2), (1, 4), (-5, 6), (99, 11), (4, 22)]
zip（）
a = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
b = [‘a‘,‘b‘,‘c‘,‘d‘]
for i in zip(a,b):
print(i)
运行结果：
(1, ‘a‘)
(2, ‘b‘)
(3, ‘c‘)
(4, ‘d‘)
import（）
__import__(‘decorator‘)标签：val print 八进制 pre type 调用 port alc mail
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/iexperience/p/9079412.html
