RabbitMq安装与测试教程

Installing on Mac

I. 安装

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brew install rabbitmq

## 进入安装目录
cd /usr/local/Cellar/rabbitmq/3.7.5

# 启动
brew services start rabbitmq
# 当前窗口启动
rabbitmq-server

启动控制台之前需要先开启插件

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./rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

进入控制台: http://localhost:15672/

用户名和密码:guest,guest

II. 配置与测试

1. 添加账号

首先是得启动mq

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## 添加账号
./rabbitmqctl add_user admin admin
## 添加访问权限
./rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p "/" admin ".*" ".*" ".*"
## 设置超级权限
./rabbitmqctl set_user_tags admin administrator

2. 编码实测

pom引入依赖

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<dependency>
<groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
<artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
</dependency>

开始写代码

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public class RabbitMqTest {

//消息队列名称
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "hello";

@Test
public void send() throws java.io.IOException, TimeoutException {

//创建连接工程
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
factory.setPort(5672);
factory.setUsername("admin");
factory.setPassword("admin");
//创建连接
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();

//创建消息通道
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

//生成一个消息队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);


for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
String message = "Hello World RabbitMQ count: " + i;

//发布消息,第一个参数表示路由(Exchange名称),未""则表示使用默认消息路由
channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());

System.out.println(" [x] Sent ‘" + message + "‘");
}


//关闭消息通道和连接
channel.close();
connection.close();

}


@Test
public void consumer() throws java.io.IOException, java.lang.InterruptedException, TimeoutException {

//创建连接工厂
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
factory.setPort(5672);
factory.setUsername("admin");
factory.setPassword("admin");

//创建连接
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();

//创建消息信道
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

//消息队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
System.out.println("[*] Waiting for message. To exist press CTRL+C");

AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger(0);

//消费者用于获取消息信道绑定的消息队列中的信息
Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
@Override
public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties,
byte[] body) throws IOException {
String message = new String(body, "UTF-8");

try {
System.out.println(" [x] Received ‘" + message);
} finally {
System.out.println(" [x] Done");
channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
}
}
};
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);

Thread.sleep(1000 * 60);
}
}

需要注意的一点是:

  • 生产消息: channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
  • 消费消息: channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
  • 生产和消费都声明channel,要求两者的配置参数一致,否则无法消费数据

3. 输出说明

首先执行塞入数据,执行完毕之后,可以到控制台进行查看:

技术分享图片

可以看到多出了一个Queue,对列名为hello,总共有10条数据


接下来就是消费数据了,执行consumer方法,输出日志

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[*] Waiting for message. To exist press CTRL+C
[x] Received ‘Hello World RabbitMQ count: 0
[x] Done
[x] Received ‘Hello World RabbitMQ count: 1
[x] Done
[x] Received ‘Hello World RabbitMQ count: 2
[x] Done
[x] Received ‘Hello World RabbitMQ count: 3
[x] Done
[x] Received ‘Hello World RabbitMQ count: 4
[x] Done
[x] Received ‘Hello World RabbitMQ count: 5
[x] Done
[x] Received ‘Hello World RabbitMQ count: 6
[x] Done
[x] Received ‘Hello World RabbitMQ count: 7
[x] Done
[x] Received ‘Hello World RabbitMQ count: 8
[x] Done
[x] Received ‘Hello World RabbitMQ count: 9
[x] Done

回头去查看queue,发现总得数据量为0了

4. ACK问题

对于ack的问题,如果在消费数据的时候,出现异常,而我不希望数据丢失,这个时候就需要考虑手动ack的机制来保证了

首先需要设置手动ack

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// 设置autoAck为false
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);

其次在消费数据完毕之后,主动ack/nack

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if (success) {
channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
} else {
channel.basicNack(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false, false);
}

III. 其他

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声明

尽信书则不如,以上内容,纯属一家之言,因个人能力有限,如发现bug或者有更好的建议,随时欢迎批评指正

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技术分享图片