Linux的SSH服务初学

标签：ssh   sftp   scp   

• 利用ssh远程登陆另一台机器：
  [root@ycz-computer ~]# ssh -p port user@x.x.x.x
  -p（小写）接端口，ssh默认端口22；

  [root@ycz-computer ~]# ssh -p 22 chunzi@192.168.146.143
  The authenticity of host ‘192.168.146.143 (192.168.146.143)‘ can‘t be established.
  ECDSA key fingerprint is da:71:20:ad:03:53:ac:b7:ed:a8:ca:2d:d1:93:2e:25.
  Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
  Warning: Permanently added ‘192.168.146.143‘ (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
  chunzi@192.168.146.143‘s password: 
  Last login: Sun Jun  3 19:41:12 2018
  welcome to yczcomputer!!!
  [chunzi@ycz-computer ~]$ 

• 退出ssh之后本地家目录出现认证口令：

  [chunzi@ycz-computer ~]$ logout
  Connection to 192.168.146.143 closed.
  [root@ycz-computer ~]# ls -l ~/.ssh
  total 4
  -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 177 Jun  3 19:42 known_hosts
  [root@ycz-computer ~]# cat  ~/.ssh/known_hosts 
  192.168.146.143ecdsa-sha2-nistp256AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTYAAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBBwvK+r3suNV22luTg392mzjomP6P1ACFcNtqOcDtZKmvV5W9ulQBxb9OZXBNePoIs9OmDnuqZ9odVhGrVMaOxY=

• ssh远程连接直接执行命令：

  [root@ycz-computer ~]# ssh -p22 chunzi@192.168.146.143 /usr/bin/free -m   #全路径
  chunzi@192.168.146.143‘s password: 
           total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
  Mem:        1823        112        1550       8       161        1536
  Swap:        4095         0         4095
  [root@ycz-computer ~]# 

• scp命令的使用：

  将本地/lab/data/scp.txt拷贝到192.168.146.143机器chunzi用户下/lab目录下
  [root@ycz-computer lab]# scp -P22 /lab/data/scp.txt chunzi@192.168.146.143:/lab
  chunzi@192.168.146.143‘s password: 
  scp.txt                                          100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    

• 查看结果：

  [root@ycz-computer /]# cd lab
  [root@ycz-computer lab]# ll scp.txt 
  -rw-r--r--. 1 chunzi chunzi 0 Jun  4 11:38 scp.txt
  [root@ycz-computer lab]#     

  注意：远端/lab目录需要有其他用户rwx权限才能成功。

• 将远端/lab/scp.txt文件拷贝到本地当前目录。

  [root@ycz-computer lab]# scp -P22 chunzi@192.168.146.143:/lab/scp2.txt ./      
  chunzi@192.168.146.143‘s password: 
  scp2.txt       100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00                                                                                   
  [root@ycz-computer lab]# ll scp2.txt 
  -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jun  4 11:48 scp2.txt
  [root@ycz-computer lab]# 

  ssh -p 小写 scp -P 大写 拷贝目录加参数-r

  [root@ycz-computer ~]# scp -P22 -r chunzi@192.168.146.143:/lab/shiyan/ ./
  chunzi@192.168.146.143‘s password: 
  c2                     100%   26     0.0KB/s   00:00    
  c.sh                   100%   16     0.0KB/s   00:00    
  hhhh                   100%    0     0.0KB/s   00:00    
  yangchunzi             100%   11     0.0KB/s   00:00    
  time.sh                100%   31     0.0KB/s   00:00    
  b                      100%   55     0.1KB/s   00:00    
  xin.py                 100%  301     0.3KB/s   00:00    
  1.py                   100%  183     0.2KB/s   00:00    
  [root@ycz-computer ~]# ls
  anaconda-ks.cfg  services_2018-05-14-16.tar.gz
  mbr.bin          shiyan

• ssh服务服务附带的sftp服务功能： get下载 put上传

  [root@ycz-computer ~]# sftp -o port=22 chunzi@192.168.146.143
  chunzi@192.168.146.143‘s password: 
  Connected to 192.168.146.143.
  sftp> put ./shiyan/1.py    #将./shiyan/目录下1.py文件上传到远端家目录
  Uploading ./shiyan/1.py to /home/chunzi/1.py
  ./shiyan/1.py          100%  183     0.2KB/s   00:00
  [chunzi@ycz-computer ~]$ ls    #验证
  1.py  a  b   
  sftp> get a    #将远端家目录下面的文件a下载到本地
  Fetching /home/chunzi/a to a
  sftp> ^D
  [root@ycz-computer ~]# ll a    #验证
  -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jun  4 16:20 a

  注意：
  Uploading ./shiyan/1.py to /home/chunzi/1.py
  remote open("/home/chunzi/1.py"): Permission denied
  若出现这种问题，则说明远端家目录没有写w的权限。默认/tmp目录有权限。可以将文件上传至远端/tmp目录下之后在经行操作。如果想直接上传至远端家目录，需要增加/home/user写w的权限。

• sftp与windows本地上传下载：
  

  sftp> put "E:\wind.txt"     #将windows本地E盘文件上传Linux家目录，路径双引号
  Uploading wind.txt to /root/wind.txt
  100% 0 bytes      0 bytes/s 00:00:00       
  [root@ycz-computer ~]# ll wind.txt     #验证
  -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jun  4 16:58 wind.txt
  sftp> get a.txt     #将Linux家目录文件a.txt下载到windows本地
  Downloading a.txt from /root/a.txt
  100% 0 bytes      0 bytes/s 00:00:00   

  

Linux的SSH服务初学

标签：ssh   sftp   scp   

原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/13701875/2124709