1.7 Generate an array of window maximums

 1 //Generate an array of window maximums
 2 void getMaxWindow(int arr[], int n, int res[], int winsize)
 3 {
 4     int i, j, k, max;  //Variable i controls sliding in a window; variable j controls sliding on array arr. 5                        //The variable k is the index of the array res; the variable max records the maximum value in the current window.
 6     j = 0;
 7     k = 0;
 8     while (k < n - winsize + 1)            //When the array arr is not traversed, continue searching for the subsequent maximum window.
 9     {
10         max = 0;
11         for (i = 0; i < winsize; i++, j++) //Find the maximum value in the current window.
12         {
13             if (max < arr[j])
14             {
15                 max = arr[j];
16             }
17         }
18         res[k++] = max;                    //Record the maximum value of the current window.
19         j = j - winsize + 1;               //Slide the window to the right one position.
20     }
21 }

 1 //Generate an array of window maximums
 2 int* getMaxWindow(const int arr[], int n, int w)
 3 {
 4     if (arr == NULL || w < 1 || n < w)
 5     {
 6         return NULL;
 7     }
 8     deque<int> qmax;                     //Deque, storing subscripts of qualifying array elements
 9     int* res = new int [n - w + 1];      //new can dynamically allocate memory at run time, need to use delete [] res; release memory at the end of the program run
10     int index = 0;
11     for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)          //i used to track arr array elements
12     {
13         while (!qmax.empty() && arr[qmax.back()] <= arr[i])  //When the deque is not empty, and the array element corresponding to the tail element is not greater than arr[i], the element at the end of the queue is popped up.
14         {
15             qmax.pop_back();                                 
16         }
17         qmax.push_back(i);               //When the queue is empty or the array element corresponding to the tail element is greater than arr[i], the index i is enqueued.
18         if (qmax.front() == i - w)       //If the element of the head (ie the array index) is not in the current window, the element is dequeued.
19         {
20             qmax.pop_front();
21         }
22         if (i >= w - 1)                  //When the traversed element is sufficient for a window size, the largest arr array element in the selection window is stored in the array res.
23         {
24             res[index++] = arr[qmax.front()];
25         }
26     }
27     return res;                         //return the array of res
28 
29 }