lvs+keepalived+nginx实现高性能负载均衡集群 高性能jsp集群

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安装基础包
yum install -y gcc-c++ pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel

安装nginx
(下载路径自己选择)
下载nginx1.14.0稳定版本
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz
解压：tar -zxf nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz
进入解压好后的源码目录：cd nginx-1.14.0
使用默认配置：./configure
编译并安装nginx：make && make install
启动nginx：/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
快速停止nginx：/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
优雅停止nginx（会将正在处理中的请求处理完毕）：/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit
检测配置是否错误：/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
重新加载配置：/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
1、编写Nginx启动脚本，并加入系统服务
vim /etc/init.d/nginx
并在其中写入如下内容：

#!/bin/bash
#chkconfig: - 30 21
#description: http service.
#Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
#Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
reload(){
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
restart(){
stop
start
}
configtest(){
$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
return 0
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|
restart|configtest}"
RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL

并更改文件的执行权限：chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
加入系统服务启动列表 ：chkconfig --add nginx
并使开机启动：chkconfig nginx on
开启服务 ： service nginx start 或者 /etc/init.d/nginx start|stop|restart
查看nginx页面是否可以正常访问。
http://192.168.254.131/

安装基础环境jdk
wget http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u171-b11/512cd62ec5174c3487ac17c61aaa89e8/jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz?AuthParam=1530931780_fdbf6ecf3dfcc8e6eb6fcef06a7eaaec

tar -zxf jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
cd /usr/local/
mv jdk1.8.0_171/ jdk1.8
vi /etc/profile
在最后添加jdk环境变量
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
使环境变量生效
source /etc/profile
查看jdk版本
java -version
java version "1.8.0_171"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_171-b11)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.171-b11, mixed mode)
查看jdk路径
echo $JAVA_HOME
/usr/local/jdk1.8

安装tomcat
wget http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.10/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.10.tar.gz

tar -zxf apache-tomcat-9.0.10.tar.gz
mv apache-tomcat-9.0.10 /usr/local/tomcat
创建项目目录
mkdir -p /home/www/web/ （里面写个index.jsp）
vi index.jsp (保存推出即可)
修改tomcat 访问路径
cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/
vi server.xml
<Host name="localhost" appBase="/home/www/web"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
这一行是添加的
<Context path="" docBase="/home/www/web" reloadable="true"/>

查看tomcat页面是否可以正常访问
http://192.168.254.131:8080/

配置nginx和tomcat 负载均衡/反向代理
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
vi nginx.conf
user www www;
worker_processes 4;

error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log notice;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log info;

pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;

#工作模式及连接数上限
events {
use epoll;

worker_connections  65535;

}

#设定http服务器，利用它的反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持
http {
#设定mime类型
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/proxy.conf;
log_format main ‘$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ‘
‘$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ‘
‘"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"‘;

access_log  logs/access.log  main;

#设定请求缓冲
server_names_hash_bucket_size  128;
client_header_buffer_size   32K;
large_client_header_buffers  4 32k;
# client_max_body_size   8m;

sendfile        on;
tcp_nopush      on;
tcp_nodelay     on;

#keepalive_timeout  0;
keepalive_timeout  65;

gzip  on;
gzip_min_length  1k;
gzip_buffers   4 16k;
gzip_http_version  1.1;
gzip_comp_level  2;
gzip_types  text/plain application/x-javascript text/css  application/xml;
gzip_vary on;    

#此处为你tomcat的地址，可以写多个tomcat地址
upstream tomcat_pool {
   server 192.168.254.133:8080 weight=4 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
   server 192.168.254.132:8080 weight=4 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
   server 192.168.254.131:8080 weight=4 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
}    

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.web2.com;#此处替换为你自己的网址，如有多个中间用空格
    index index.jsp index.htm index.html  index.do;#设定访问的默认首页地址     
    root /home/www/web; #设定网站的资源存放路径 

    #charset koi8-r;

    #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
   #     root   html;
        index index.jsp index.html index.htm;
    }

    location ~ \.(jsp|jspx|dp)?$ #所有JSP的页面均交由tomcat处理
    {
        proxy_set_header  Host $host;
        proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP $remote_addr; 
        proxy_pass http://tomcat_pool;#转向tomcat处理
    }
    #设定访问静态文件直接读取不经过tomcat
    location ~ .*\.(htm|html|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ioc|rar|zip|txt|flv|mid|doc|ppt|pdf|xls|mp3|wma)$ 
     {
         expires  30d;
     }

     location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
     {
          expires  1h;
     }

    access_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/ubitechtest.log main;#设定访问日志的存放路径  

    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   html;
    }

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    root           html;
    #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
    #    include        fastcgi_params;
    #}

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache‘s document root
    # concurs with nginx‘s one
    #
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #    deny  all;
    #}
}

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  bbs.yourdomain.com;
    location / {
        root /home/www/web/springmvc; #设定网站的资源存放路径 
        index index.jsp index.htm index.html  index.do welcome.jsp;#设定访问的默认首页地址   
    }

    location ~ \.(jsp|jspx|dp)?$ #所有JSP的页面均交由tomcat处理
    {
        proxy_set_header  Host $host;
        proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP $remote_addr; 
        proxy_pass http://tomcat_pool;#转向tomcat处理
    }
    #设定访问静态文件直接读取不经过tomcat
    location ~ .*\.(htm|html|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ioc|rar|zip|txt|flv|mid|doc|ppt|pdf|xls|mp3|wma)$ 
     {
         expires  30d;
     }

     location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
     {
          expires  1h;
     }
    access_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/ubitechztt.log main;#设定访问日志的存放路径     

    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   html;
    }

}

# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
#    listen       8000;
#    listen       somename:8080;
#    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

#    location / {
#        root   html;
#        index  index.html index.htm;
#    }
#}

}

创建用户www和用户组www为该文件目录的使用权限者
/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www -s /sbin/nologin
mkdir -p /home/www
chmod +w /home/www
chown -R www:www/home/www

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/proxy.conf
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
proxy_connect_timeout 90;
proxy_send_timeout 90;
proxy_read_timeout 90;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 4 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

简单测试
3个nginx都可以分别访问代理的三个tomcat 。
[root@Zabbix conf]# curl 192.168.254.131
2222222222222222222222222222222222222222
[root@Zabbix conf]# curl 192.168.254.131
33333333333333333333333333333
[root@Zabbix conf]# curl 192.168.254.131
111111111111111111111111111111111111111
ok,到此，nginx和tomcat 完成了。
（注意：以上每组配置都一样）

安装lvs+keepalived。

yum -y install ipvsadm keepalived （yum安装就不多说了 ）

开启路由转发
永久开启
echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p ----加载,使得配置文件立即生效
检查：
sysctl -a |grep "ip_forward"
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward_use_pmtu = 0

配置keepalived（master配置）
vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
notification_email {br/>cong.chen@czubitech.com
}
notification_email_from cong.chen@czubitech.com
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_MASTER #备份服务器上将MASTER改为BACKUP
}

real_server 192.168.254.131 80 {
    weight 1   #(权重)
    TCP_CHECK {
        connect_timeout 10    #(10秒无响应超时)
        nb_get_retry 3
        delay_before_retry 3
        connect_port 80
    }
 }
 real_server 192.168.254.132 80 {
    weight 1
    TCP_CHECK {
        connect_timeout 10
        nb_get_retry 3
        delay_before_retry 3
        connect_port 80
    }
 }
 real_server 192.168.254.133 80 {
    weight 1
    TCP_CHECK {
        connect_timeout 10
        nb_get_retry 3
        delay_before_retry 3
        connect_port 80
    }
 }

global_defs {
notification_email {br/>cong.chen@czubitech.com
}
notification_email_from cong.chen@czubitech.com
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_BACKUP #备份服务器上将MASTER改为BACKUP
}
vrrp_instance VI_2 {
state BACKUP #备份服务器上将MASTER改为BACKUP
interface ens32 #该网卡名字需要查看具体服务器的网口
virtual_router_id 51
priority 90 # 备份服务上将100改为90
nopreempt
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.254.88
#(如果有多个VIP，继续换行填写.)
}
}

real_server 192.168.254.131 80 {
    weight 1   #(权重)
    TCP_CHECK {
        connect_timeout 10    #(10秒无响应超时)
        nb_get_retry 3
        delay_before_retry 3
        connect_port 80
    }
 }
 real_server 192.168.254.132 80 {
    weight 1
    TCP_CHECK {
        connect_timeout 10
        nb_get_retry 3
        delay_before_retry 3
        connect_port 80
    }
 }
 real_server 192.168.254.133 80 {
    weight 1
    TCP_CHECK {
        connect_timeout 10
        nb_get_retry 3
        delay_before_retry 3
        connect_port 80
    }
 }

显示虚拟IP 启动好了 

最后就是在ngnx 服务器上配置
vi /etc/init.d/realserver 
#!/bin/bash

看到虚拟IP 就好了
（同理在其他nginx服务器都要操作）

测试 
[root@data-node1 ~]# curl 192.168.254.88

lvs+keepalived+nginx实现高性能负载均衡集群 高性能jsp集群

标签：www.   src   pool   响应   日志   .gz   zip   quit   auth   

原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/10158955/2138610