本人Python小白一枚(妹)，大家都说爬虫是python入门必学，找了几个实例，无奈无法运行，猜测可能是技术更新太快，有些已经不适用了。本着学习的决心，试试能不能调通。
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import string, time
import pymongo
NUM = 0 #全局变量,电影数量
#m_type = u‘‘ #全局变量,电影类型
m_site = u‘qq‘ #全局变量,电影网站
#根据指定的URL获取网页内容
def getHTML(url):
try:
head = {‘User-Agent‘:‘Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 4.1.1; Nexus 7 Build/JRO03D) AppleWebKit/535.19 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/18.0.1025.166 Safari/535.19‘}
r = requests.get(url, headers = head, timeout = 30)
r.raise_for_status()
r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
html = r.text
return html
except:
return ""
#从电影分类列表页面获取电影分类 tag = (‘1‘, ‘剧情‘)
def getMovieTypeList(url,html):
#global m_type
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, ‘html.parser‘) #过滤出分类内容
#print(soup)
#<div class="filter_content"> #电影分类信息在div这个标签下。
tags_all = soup.find_all(‘div‘, {‘class‘ : ‘filter_content‘ }) #找到所有div.filter_content下的a标签
#<a _stat2="filter:params|subtype=1" class="item" href="?offset=0&subtype=1">剧情</a>
re_tags = r‘<a _stat2=".*?subtype=.*?" class="item" href=".*?;subtype=(.*?)">(.*?)</a>‘ #(.*?)
p = re.compile(re_tags) #, re.DOTALL句号(.)是匹配任何除换行符之外的任意字符,使用DOTALL标志，就可以让它匹配所有字符，不再排除换行符了
tags = p.findall(str(tags_all[0]))
#print(‘tags = ‘,tags)
if tags:
tags_type = {}
for tag in tags:
#print(tag) #tag = (‘1‘, ‘剧情‘)
#tag_url = url + ‘?offset=0&subtype=‘ + tag[0] #每个电影类型的url
#print(‘tag_url = ‘,tag_url)
tag_subtype = tag[0]
m_type = tag[1]
print(‘m_type = ‘,m_type)
tags_type[m_type] = tag_subtype
print(‘tags_type[m_type] = ‘,tags_type[m_type])
else:
print("Not Find")
return tags_type
#获取每个分类的页数?offset=0&subtype=2
def get_pages(url, tag_type):
tag_url = url + ‘?offset=0‘ + ‘&subtype=‘ + tag_type
tag_html = getHTML(tag_url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(tag_html, ‘html.parser‘) #过滤出标记页面的html
#print(soup)
#<div class="mod_pages" r-notemplate="true">
div_page = soup.find_all(‘div‘, {‘class‘ : ‘mod_pages‘})
#print(‘div_page=‘,div_page) #len(div_page), div_page[0]
if div_page == []: #只有一页时没有div标签，div_page是空[]
return 1
#<a _stat2="paging_page|63" class="page_num" href="?subtype=2&offset=1860">63</a>
re_pages = r‘<a _stat2=".*?" class=".*?" href=".*?">(.*?)</a>‘
p = re.compile(re_pages)
pages = p.findall(str(div_page[0]))
#print(pages,len(pages))
if len(pages) > 1:
return pages[-2]
else:
return 1
def getmovielist(m_type, html): #html 分类页面文本，用gethtml(str(tag_url[1]))
global NUM
#global m_type
global m_site
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, ‘html.parser‘)
#<ul class="figures_list">
divs = soup.find_all(‘ul‘, {‘class‘ : ‘figures_list‘}) #movie的信息
#print(divs)
#<a _stat2="videos:title" href="https://v.qq.com/x/cover/vfx3eugf3h4jiqg.html" target="_blank" title="二十二">二十二</a></strong>
re_movie = r‘<a _stat2="videos:title" href="(.*?)" target=".*?" title=".*?">(.*?)</a>‘ #(.*?)
p = re.compile(re_movie, re.DOTALL) #, re.DOTALL句号(.)是匹配任何除换行符之外的任意字符,使用DOTALL标志，就可以让它匹配所有字符，不再排除换行符了
movies = p.findall(str(divs[0]))
#print(movies)
#f = open(‘qqMovies.txt‘,‘w‘) #如qqMovies.txt存在则覆盖，无则新建
if movies:
#print(movies)
for movie in movies:
#print(movie)
#print(NUM)
NUM += 1
print(‘downloading movies: %d‘ % NUM)
#print("%s : %d" % ("=" * 70, NUM))
#values = dict(movie_title = movie[1], movie_url = movie[0], movie_site = m_site, movie_type = m_type) #JSON 格式存储dict
values = ‘movie_title: %s , movie_url: %s ,movie_site: %s ,movie_type:%s‘ % (movie[1],movie[0],m_site,m_type) #TXT 格式存储字符串
print(values)
f = open(‘qqMovies.txt‘,‘a‘) #以追加的形式读写内容，指针在结尾
f.write(values)
print("_" * 70)
f.write(‘\n‘ + "_" * 70 + ‘\n‘) #写入\n换行和-分隔符
else:
"Not Found"
f.write(‘total movies: %s \n‘ % str(NUM)) #写入最后电影总数
f.close() #关闭文件
if __name__ == "__main__":
url = ‘http://v.qq.com/x/list/movie‘
html = getHTML(url)
movie_type = getMovieTypeList(url,html)
print(‘movie_type = ‘,movie_type)
for m_url in movie_type.items():
#print(‘m_url = ‘, m_url)
tag_url = url + ‘?subtype=‘ + m_url[1] + ‘&offset=0‘
print(‘tag_url = %s‘ % tag_url, end = ‘‘)
#print(‘tag_type=‘,str(m_url[1])) #m_url[0] = ‘剧情‘
maxpage = int(get_pages(url, str(m_url[1])))
print(‘, total pages are ‘, maxpage)
for x in range(0,maxpage):
#http://v.qq.com/x/list/movie?offset=30&subtype=16
#str.replace(old, new[, max])
page_url = tag_url.replace(‘0‘, ‘‘) + str(x*30)
#print(‘page_url = ‘,page_url) #某个分类下，每个页面的url，如分类为18的第四页：http://v.qq.com/x/list/movie?subtype=18&offset=90
page_html = getHTML(page_url)
getmovielist(m_url[0],page_html)
time.sleep(0.1) #设置sleep时间，以防爬取过快被封IP
