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1，基本的思路是排除数据库单点故障，保障数据高可用性。

2，前期对于要求不高的话可以用主主同步来实现，后期如果不能满足要求可以在后面加从数据库。

3，实验需要的环境及数据库的版本如下表格：

4，正式安装数据步骤：

1）我是用了一个脚本来安装这个Mysql-5.5.32数据库，脚本如下：

#!/bin/bash

#auto_install_mysql

#auth by tony date 2018-07-31

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make ncurses ncurses-devel libaio-devel cmake

groupadd mysql

useradd mysql -s/sbin/nologin -M -g mysql

mkdir /application

wget http://10.93.58.70/lamp/mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz

tar xvf mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.5.32

cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql-5.5.32 \

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock \

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii \

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 \

-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \

-DWITH_READLINE=1 \

-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \

-DWITH_DEBUG=0

if [ $? -eq 0 ];then

    make && make install

        ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql

        /bin/cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

        chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

        chown mysql.mysql /application/mysql

        chown mysql.mysql /data

        echo 'export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH '>>/etc/profile

        source /etc/profile

        mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak

        cat >/etc/my.cnf <<EOF

[mysqld]

port            = 3306

socket          = /application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock

datadir         =/data/mysql

user            =mysql

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

log-bin=mysql-bin

server-id = 1

auto_increment_offset=1

auto_increment_increment=2

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

replicate-do-db =all

EOF

/application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

chkconfig mysqld on

mysqladmin -uroot password 'hwg123'

                         echo -e "\n\033[32m-----------------------------------------------\033[0m"

                echo -e "\033[32mThe $M_FILES_DIR Server Install Success !\033[0m"

        else

                echo -e "\033[32mThe $M_FILES_DIR Make or Make install ERROR,Please Check......"

                exit 0

        fi

"mysqlset.sh" 66L, 2228C written                                                                              

[root@Mysql-Master ~]# cat mysqlset.sh 

#!/bin/bash

#auto_install_mysql

#auth by tony date 2018-07-31

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make ncurses ncurses-devel libaio-devel cmake

groupadd mysql

useradd mysql -s/sbin/nologin -M -g mysql

mkdir /application

wget http://10.93.58.70/lamp/mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz

tar xvf mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.5.32

cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql-5.5.32 \

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock \

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii \

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 \

-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \

-DWITH_READLINE=1 \

-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \

-DWITH_DEBUG=0

if [ $? -eq 0 ];then

    make && make install 

        ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql

        /bin/cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

        chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

        chown mysql.mysql /application/mysql

        chown mysql.mysql /data

        echo 'export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH '>>/etc/profile

        source /etc/profile

        mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak

        cat >/etc/my.cnf <<EOF

[mysqld]

port            = 3306

socket          = /application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock

datadir         =/data/mysql

user            =mysql

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

log-bin=mysql-bin

server-id = 1

auto_increment_offset=1

auto_increment_increment=2

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

replicate-do-db =all

EOF

/application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

chkconfig mysqld on

mysqladmin -uroot password 'hwg123'

                         echo -e "\n\033[32m-----------------------------------------------\033[0m"

                echo -e "\033[32mThe $M_FILES_DIR Server Install Success !\033[0m"

        else

                echo -e "\033[32mThe $M_FILES_DIR Make or Make install ERROR,Please Check......"

                exit 0

        fi

2）查看my.cnf配置文件

[root@Mysql-Master ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

port            = 3306

socket          = /application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock

datadir         =/data/mysql

user            =mysql

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

log-bin=mysql-bin

binlog_format = mixed

server-id = 1

auto_increment_offset=1

auto_increment_increment=2

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

replicate-do-db =all

3）进入数据库Master01:

[root@Mysql-Master ~]# mysql -uroot  -p

Enter password: 

输入密码：hwg123

4）给数据库授权：mysql>  grant replication slave on *.* to 'rep'@'10.93.58.73' identified by "hwg123";

5）查看主库状态；mysql> show master status;

6）在mater02上要做如下几步操作；

7）进入数据库；输入密码hwg123

[root@Mysql-Slave ~]# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password: 

8)根据mysql-bind和post点来授权同步库和post点位。

mysql> change master to master_host='10.93.58.73',master_user='rep',master_password='hwg123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000014',master_log_pos=263;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

9）开启slave同步

mysql> start slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

10）查看同步结果如果是两个YES；证明同步成功：

mysql> show slave status\G;

5，切换到Master02上正式安装mysql-5.5.32。

1）使用脚本安装这里略过

2）查看配置文件，这里注意标红的地方：

[root@Mysql-Slave ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

port            = 3306

socket          = /application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock

datadir         =/data/mysql

user            =mysql

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

log-bin=mysql-bin

binlog_format = mixed

server-id = 2

auto_increment_offset=2

auto_increment_increment=2

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

replicate-do-db =all

3）进入数据库:输入密码hwg123

[root@Mysql-Slave ~]# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:

4）给数据库授权：mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'rep'@'10.93.58.72' identified by "hwg123";

5）查看数据库状态：mysql> show master status;

6）切换到master01上授权；

mysql> change master to master_host='10.93.58.73',master_user='rep',master_password='hwg123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000006',master_log_pos=263;

7）开启slave同步

mysql> slave start;

8）查询同步状态:mysql> show slave status\G;

7)这样主主同步就好了

6，安装keepalived来做高可用。我用的是keepalived-1.2.20.tar.gz

在Master01上操作如下：

yum –y install openssl openssl-devel

tar xf keepalived-1.2.20.tar.gz

cd keepalived-1.2.20

./configure --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64

make && make install

cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/

cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

mkdir /etc/keepalived

cd /etc/keepalived/

添加keepalived配置文件

[root@Mysql-Master ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

#####MASTER keepalived配置文件######

! Configuration File for keepalived 

global_defs { 

   notification_email { 

      hwg1227@163.com 

   } 

   notification_email_from hwg1227@163.com

   smtp_server 127.0.0.1 

   smtp_connect_timeout 30 

   router_id LVS_DEVEL 

} 

# VIP1 

vrrp_instance VI_1 { 

    state MASTER   

    interface eth0 

    lvs_sync_daemon_inteface eth0 

    virtual_router_id 50 

    priority 50

    advert_int 1 

    nopreempt 

    authentication { 

        auth_type PASS 

        auth_pass 1111 

    } 

    virtual_ipaddress { 

        10.93.58.74

    } 

} 

virtual_server 10.93.58.74 3306 { 

    delay_loop 6    

    lb_algo wrr    

    lb_kind DR   

    persistence_timeout 60    

    protocol TCP         

    real_server 10.93.58.72 3306 { 

        weight 1   

        notify_down /root/mysql.sh 

        TCP_CHECK { 

        connect_timeout 10 

        nb_get_retry 3 

        delay_before_retry 3 

        connect_port 3306 

        } 

    } 

[root@Mysql-Master ~]# vim mysql.sh vim  mysql.sh

#!/bin/bash

/etc/init.d/keepalived stop

[root@Mysql-Master ~]# chmod +x mysql.sh

在Master02上操作基本和Master01类似，只需要改keepalived.conf,配置如下，注意标红的地方：

#####SLAVE keepalived配置文件#####

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

   notification_email {

      hwg1227@163.com

   }

   notification_email_from hwg1227@163.com

   smtp_server 127.0.0.1

   smtp_connect_timeout 30

   router_id LVS_DEVEL

}

# VIP1

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

    state SLAVE

    interface eth0

    lvs_sync_daemon_inteface eth0

    virtual_router_id 50

    priority 30

    advert_int 5

#    nopreempt

    authentication {

        auth_type PASS

        auth_pass 1111

    }

    virtual_ipaddress {

        10.93.58.74

    }

}

virtual_server 10.93.58.74 3306 {

    delay_loop 6

    lb_algo wrr

    lb_kind DR

    persistence_timeout 60

    protocol TCP

    real_server 10.93.58.73 3306 {

        weight 1

        notify_down /root/mysql.sh

        TCP_CHECK {

        connect_timeout 10

        nb_get_retry 3

        delay_before_retry 3

        connect_port 3306

        }

    }

7，最后测试一下，停掉Master01主库；没有停主库前的ip。

停了数据库后，看看日志显示；

[root@Mysql-Master ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop 

Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS! 

[root@Mysql-Slave ~]# tail -fn20 /var/log/messages

随后查看Master02上面的ip看看VIP有没有漂移过来。

[root@Mysql-Slave ~]# ip a

最后可以看出来IP已经漂移过来了，实验成功了。

Mysql主主

标签：server-id   ini   email   sim   har   tom   mysqld   algo   ddr   

原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/hwg1227/2155244