Spring框架基础

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 5 
 6     <!-- spring：管理对象的容器 -->
 7     <!-- spring IOC:控制反转，通过spring创建对象（无需手动创建） -->
 8     <!-- DI：依赖注入；就是给对象的某些属性赋值 -->
 9 
10     <!-- 将User对象交给spring管理 -->
11     <!-- bean元素：描述需要spring管理的对象；name属性：给对象取个别名，获取对象时需要；
12         class属性：被管理对象的完整类名；id属性：与name属性一模一样，不可重复，不能使用特殊字符（因此要name）-->
13     <!-- 创建方式一：spring调用无参构造创建对象 -->
14     <!-- scope:singleton:表示单例对象，在spring容器中只会存在一个实例 -->
15     <!-- scope:prototype:表示多例对象，每次获取都会创建一个新的对象；整合struts2时必须为多例 -->
16     <!-- 生命周期方法配置init,destroy -->
17     <bean name="user" class="com.bean.User" scope="singleton" init-method="init" destroy-method="destroy"></bean>
18 
19     <!-- 创建方式二：通过静态工厂的某个方法创建一个user对象 -->
20     <bean name="user1" class="com.bean.UserFactory" factory-method="createUser"></bean>
21 
22     <!-- 创建方式三：实例工厂创建对象 -->
23     <bean name="user2" factory-bean="userFactory" factory-method="createUser2"></bean>
24     <bean name="userFactory" class="com.bean.UserFactory"></bean>
25 
26     <!-- 模块化配置，可以导入其他spring配置文件 -->
27     <!--<import resource="applicationContext.xml"/>-->
28 </beans>

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4        xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
 5        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 6 
 7     <!-- set方式注入 -->
 8     <bean name="user" class="com.bean.User">
 9         <!-- 值类型注入 -->
10         <property name="name" value="xdzy"/>
11         <property name="age" value="18"/>
12         <!-- 引用类型注入 -->
13         <property name="car" ref="car"/>
14     </bean>
15 
16     <!-- 将car对象配置到spring容器 -->
17     <bean name="car" class="com.bean.Car">
18         <property name="name" value="兰博基尼"/>
19         <property name="color" value="红色"/>
20     </bean>
21 
22     <!-- 构造函数注入 -->
23     <bean name="user1" class="com.bean.User">
24         <!-- 当构造方法参数位置不同，可以通过index确定参数位置 -->
25         <!-- 当构造方法参数类型不同，可以通过type确定参数类型 -->
26         <constructor-arg name="name" value="xdzy" index="0" type="java.lang.String"/>
27         <constructor-arg name="car" ref="car"/>
28     </bean>
29 
30     <!-- p属性注入 -->
31     <!-- 需加入xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" -->
32     <bean name="user2" class="com.bean.User" p:name="xdzy" p:age="18" p:car-ref="car"/>
33 
34     <!-- spel表达式注入;可以实现动态注入 -->
35     <bean name="user3" class="com.bean.User">
36         <property name="name" value="#{user.name}"/>
37         <property name="age" value="#{user2.age}"/>
38         <property name="car" ref="car"/>
39     </bean>
40 
41     <!-- 数组注入 -->
42     <bean name="cb" class="com.bean.CollectionBean">
43         <!-- 只有一个值时 -->
44         <!--<property name="arr" value="tom"/>-->
45         <!-- 多值多元素注入 -->
46         <property name="arr">
47             <array>
48                 <value>xdzy</value>
49                 <value>jady</value>
50                 <ref bean="user3"/>
51             </array>
52         </property>
53     </bean>
54 
55     <!-- 集合注入 -->
56     <bean name="cb2" class="com.bean.CollectionBean">
57         <!-- 只有一个值时 -->
58         <!--<property name="list" value="tom"/>-->
59         <!-- 多值多元素注入 -->
60         <property name="list">
61             <list>
62                 <value>xdzy</value>
63                 <value>jady</value>
64                 <ref bean="user3"/>
65             </list>
66         </property>
67     </bean>
68 
69     <!-- map注入 -->
70     <bean name="cb3" class="com.bean.CollectionBean">
71         <property name="map">
72             <map>
73                 <entry key="name" value="xdzy"/>
74                 <entry key="user" value-ref="user3"/>
75                 <entry key-ref="user1" value-ref="user2"/>
76             </map>
77         </property>
78     </bean>
79 
80     <!-- 资源注入 -->
81     <bean name="cb4" class="com.bean.CollectionBean">
82         <property name="properties">
83             <props>
84                 <prop key="driverClass">com.jdbc.mysql.Driver</prop>
85                 <prop key="userName">admin</prop>
86                 <prop key="password">123</prop>
87             </props>
88         </property>
89     </bean>
90 </beans>

 1 package com.bean;
 2 
 3 /**
 4  * @author: 肖德子裕
 5  * @date: 2018/9/5 19:31
 6  * @description: 实体bean
 7  */
 8 public class User {
 9     private String name;
10     private int age;
11     private Car car;
12 
13     public void init(){
14         System.out.println("初始化方法");
15     }
16 
17     public void destroy(){
18         System.out.println("销毁方法");
19     }
20 
21     public User() {
22         System.out.println("无参构造创建一个对象");
23     }
24 
25     public User(String name, Car car) {
26         System.out.println("构造函数注入");
27         this.name = name;
28         this.car = car;
29     }
30 
31     public User(Car car,String name) {
32         System.out.println("构造函数注入2");
33         this.name = name;
34         this.car = car;
35     }
36 
37     public User(Integer name, Car car) {
38         System.out.println("构造函数注入3");
39         this.name = name+"";
40         this.car = car;
41     }
42 
43     public Car getCar() {
44         return car;
45     }
46 
47     public void setCar(Car car) {
48         this.car = car;
49     }
50 
51     public String getName() {
52         return name;
53     }
54 
55     public void setName(String name) {
56         this.name = name;
57     }
58 
59     public int getAge() {
60         return age;
61     }
62 
63     public void setAge(int age) {
64         this.age = age;
65     }
66 
67     @Override
68     public String toString() {
69         return "User{" +
70                 "name=‘" + name + ‘\‘‘ +
71                 ", age=" + age +
72                 ", car=" + car +
73                 ‘}‘;
74     }
75 }

 1 package com.bean;
 2 
 3 /**
 4  * @author: 肖德子裕
 5  * @date: 2018/9/5 22:56
 6  * @description: 静态工厂
 7  */
 8 public class UserFactory {
 9     public static User createUser(){
10         System.out.println("静态工厂创建对象");
11         return new User();
12     }
13 
14     public User createUser2(){
15         System.out.println("实例工厂创建对象");
16         return new User();
17     }
18 }

 1 package com.bean;
 2 
 3 /**
 4  * @author: 肖德子裕
 5  * @date: 2018/9/5 23:38
 6  * @description: 车bean
 7  */
 8 public class Car {
 9     private String name;
10     private String color;
11 
12     public String getName() {
13         return name;
14     }
15 
16     public void setName(String name) {
17         this.name = name;
18     }
19 
20     public String getColor() {
21         return color;
22     }
23 
24     public void setColor(String color) {
25         this.color = color;
26     }
27 
28     @Override
29     public String toString() {
30         return "Car{" +
31                 "name=‘" + name + ‘\‘‘ +
32                 ", color=‘" + color + ‘\‘‘ +
33                 ‘}‘;
34     }
35 }

 1 package com.bean;
 2 
 3 import java.util.Arrays;
 4 import java.util.List;
 5 import java.util.Map;
 6 import java.util.Properties;
 7 
 8 /**
 9  * @author: 肖德子裕
10  * @date: 2018/9/6 07:56
11  * @description: 复杂类型注入
12  */
13 public class CollectionBean {
14     private Object[] arr;//数组
15     private List list;//集合
16     private Map map;//map集合
17     private Properties properties;//资源文件
18 
19     public Object[] getArr() {
20         return arr;
21     }
22 
23     public void setArr(Object[] arr) {
24         this.arr = arr;
25     }
26 
27     public List getList() {
28         return list;
29     }
30 
31     public void setList(List list) {
32         this.list = list;
33     }
34 
35     public Map getMap() {
36         return map;
37     }
38 
39     public void setMap(Map map) {
40         this.map = map;
41     }
42 
43     public Properties getProperties() {
44         return properties;
45     }
46 
47     public void setProperties(Properties properties) {
48         this.properties = properties;
49     }
50 
51     @Override
52     public String toString() {
53         return "CollectionBean{" +
54                 "arr=" + Arrays.toString(arr) +
55                 ", list=" + list +
56                 ", map=" + map +
57                 ", properties=" + properties +
58                 ‘}‘;
59     }
60 }

 1 package com.test;
 2 
 3 import com.bean.User;
 4 import org.junit.Test;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 7 
 8 /**
 9  * @author: 肖德子裕
10  * @date: 2018/9/5 19:59
11  * @description: 测试能否从xml中获取对象
12  */
13 public class Demo1 {
14     //调用无参创建对象
15     @Test
16     public void test(){
17         //创建容器对象
18         ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
19         //获取user对象
20         /*User user=(User)ac.getBean("user");
21         System.out.println(user);*/
22     }
23 
24     //静态工厂创建对象
25     @Test
26     public void test1(){
27         //创建容器对象
28         ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
29         //获取user对象
30         User user=(User)ac.getBean("user1");
31         System.out.println(user);
32     }
33 
34     //实例工厂创建对象
35     @Test
36     public void test2(){
37         //创建容器对象
38         ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
39         //获取user对象
40         User user=(User)ac.getBean("user2");
41         System.out.println(user);
42     }
43 }

 1 package com.test;
 2 
 3 import com.bean.CollectionBean;
 4 import com.bean.User;
 5 import org.junit.Test;
 6 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 7 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 8 
 9 /**
10  * @author: 肖德子裕
11  * @date: 2018/9/5 19:59
12  * @description: 给属性注入值
13  */
14 public class Demo2 {
15     //set
16     @Test
17     public void test(){
18         //创建容器对象
19         ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/bean/applicationContext.xml");
20         //获取user对象
21         User user=(User)ac.getBean("user");
22         System.out.println(user);
23     }
24     //构造
25     @Test
26     public void test1(){
27         //创建容器对象
28         ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/bean/applicationContext.xml");
29         //获取user对象
30         User user=(User)ac.getBean("user1");
31         System.out.println(user);
32     }
33     //p属性
34     @Test
35     public void test2(){
36         //创建容器对象
37         ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/bean/applicationContext.xml");
38         //获取user对象
39         User user=(User)ac.getBean("user2");
40         System.out.println(user);
41     }
42     //spel
43     @Test
44     public void test3(){
45         //创建容器对象
46         ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/bean/applicationContext.xml");
47         //获取user对象
48         User user=(User)ac.getBean("user3");
49         System.out.println(user);
50     }
51     //数组or集合
52     @Test
53     public void test4(){
54         //创建容器对象
55         ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/bean/applicationContext.xml");
56         //获取user对象
57         CollectionBean cb=(CollectionBean)ac.getBean("cb2");
58         System.out.println(cb);
59     }
60     //map
61     @Test
62     public void test5(){
63         //创建容器对象
64         ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/bean/applicationContext.xml");
65         //获取user对象
66         CollectionBean cb=(CollectionBean)ac.getBean("cb3");
67         System.out.println(cb);
68     }
69     //资源
70     @Test
71     public void test6(){
72         //创建容器对象
73         ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/bean/applicationContext.xml");
74         //获取user对象
75         CollectionBean cb=(CollectionBean)ac.getBean("cb4");
76         System.out.println(cb);
77     }
78 }