1.使用类视图APIView重写API
类视图APIView，取代@api_view装饰器，代码如下：
from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from snippets.models import Snippet
from snippets.serializers import SnippetSerializer
class SnippetList(APIView):
def get(self, request):
snippets = Snippet.objects.all()
serializer = SnippetSerializer(snippets, many=True)
return Response(serializer.data)
def post(self, request):
data = request.data
serializer = SnippetSerializer(data=data)
if serializer.is_valid():
serializer.save()
return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
class SnippetDetail(APIView):
def get_object(self, pk):
try:
return Snippet.objects.get(pk=pk)
except Exception as e:
pass
def get(self, request, pk):
snippet = self.get_object(pk)
serializer = SnippetSerializer(snippet)
return Response(serializer.data)
def put(self, request, pk):
snippet = self.get_object(pk)
serializer = SnippetSerializer(snippet, data=request.data)
if serializer.is_valid():
serializer.save()
return Response(serializer.data)
return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
def delete(self, request, pk):
snippet = self.get_object(pk)
snippet.delete()
return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)2.编辑urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import admin
from snippets import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r‘^snippets/$‘, views.SnippetList.as_view()),
url(r‘^snippets/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$‘, views.SnippetDetail.as_view()),
url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
url(r‘^api-auth/‘, include(‘rest_framework.urls‘, namespace=‘rest_framework‘))
]APIView视图类，调用as_view()方法
3.使用Mixins
Mixins封装了增删改查的操作，因此可以使用Mixins简化代码，如下：
from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework import mixins, generics
from snippets.models import Snippet
from snippets.serializers import SnippetSerializer
class SnippetList(mixins.ListModelMixin,
mixins.CreateModelMixin,
generics.GenericAPIView):
queryset = Snippet.objects.all()
serializer_class = SnippetSerializer
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)
class SnippetDetail(mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,
mixins.UpdateModelMixin,
mixins.DestroyModelMixin,
generics.GenericAPIView):
queryset = Snippet.objects.all()
serializer_class = SnippetSerializer
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.retrieve(request, *args, **kwargs)
def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.update(request, *args, **kwargs)
def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.destroy(request, *args, **kwargs)SnippetList继承了mixins的ListModelMixin和CreateModelMixin类，
赋值queryset,serializer_class属性，
然后定义了get,post方法，分别调用mixins的list，create函数。
SnippetDetail定义类似。
4.使用通用类视图generics
rest_framework定义了可能的增删改查组合，优化了多重继承的繁杂
from rest_framework import generics
from snippets.models import Snippet
from snippets.serializers import SnippetSerializer
class SnippetList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
queryset = Snippet.objects.all()
serializer_class = SnippetSerializer
class SnippetDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
queryset = Snippet.objects.all()
serializer_class = SnippetSerializer使用generics的ListCreateAPIView和RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView替代mixins类
同时，去掉了get,post方法
5.使用viewsets进一步简化
viewsets包含了对一个model的增删改查全部操作，代码如下：
from rest_framework import viewsets
from snippets.models import Snippet
from snippets.serializers import SnippetSerializer
class SnippetViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = Snippet.objects.all()
serializer_class = SnippetSerializer
