标签：its grant current event 优势 -name 同步 mysl you
GTID的概念global transaction identifiers GTID = source_id:transaction_id
source_id，用于鉴别原服务器，即mysql服务器唯一的的server_uuid，由于GTID会传递到slave，所以也可以理解为源ID。transaction_id，为当前服务器上已提交事务的一个序列号，通常从1开始自增长的序列，一个数值对应一个事务。
示例：
3E11FA47-71CA-11E1-9E33-C80AA9429562:23
前面的一串为服务器的server_uuid，即3E11FA47-71CA-11E1-9E33-C80AA9429562，后面的23为transaction_id 1、更简单的实现failover，不用以前那样在需要找log_file和log_pos。
2、更简单的搭建主从复制。
3、比传统的复制更加安全。
4、GTID是连续的没有空洞的，保证数据的一致性，零丢失。
1、当一个事务在主库端执行并提交时，产生GTID，一同记录到binlog日志中。
2、binlog传输到slave,并存储到slave的relaylog后，读取这个GTID的这个值设置gtid_next变量，即告诉Slave，下一个要执行的GTID值。
3、sql线程从relay log中获取GTID，然后对比slave端的binlog是否有该GTID。
4、如果有记录，说明该GTID的事务已经执行，slave会忽略。
5、如果没有记录，slave就会执行该GTID事务，并记录该GTID到自身的binlog，
在读取执行事务前会先检查其他session持有该GTID，确保不被重复执行。
6、在解析过程中会判断是否有主键，如果没有就用二级索引，如果没有就用全部扫描。| 数据库角色 | IP | 应用与系统 |
|---|---|---|
| 主数据库 | 192.168.24.128 | centos7 myslq-5.7 |
| 从数据库 | 192.168.24.130 | centos7 myslq-5.7 |
具体配置查看《mysql进阶简单解析》
[root@linfan ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@linfan ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
//添加以下内容
# GTID
server-id=128 //主服务器id
gtid-mode=on //开启gtid模式
enforce-gtid-consistency=on //强制gtid一致性，开启后对于特定create table不被支持
# binlog
log_bin=master-binlog
log-slave-updates=1
binlog_format=row //强烈建议，其他格式可能导致数据不一致
# relay log
skip_slave_start=1[root@linfan ~]# service mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS! [root@linfan ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.22 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> create user ‘repl‘@‘192.168.24.130‘ identified by ‘123456‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to ‘repl‘@‘192.168.24.130‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)另开一个终端，给数据库上读锁，避免在备份期间有其他人在写入导致数据同步的不一致
mysql> flush tables with read lock;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.17 sec) ////此锁表的终端必须在备份完成以后才能退出（退出锁表失效） [root@linfan ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
# GTID
gtid_mode=on
enforce_gtid_consistency=on
server_id=130
# binlog
log-bin=slave-binlog
log-slave-updates=1
binlog-format=row //强烈建议，其他格式可能导致数据不一致
# relay log
skip-slave-start=1[root@linfan ~]# service mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL... SUCCESS! mysql> change master to
-> master_host=‘192.168.24.128‘,
-> master_user=‘repl‘,
-> master_password=‘123456‘,
-> master_port=3306,
-> master_auto_position= 1 ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.24.128
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: master-binlog.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_File: linfan-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 375
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-binlog.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes //此处必须为yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes //此处必须为yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_Space: 583
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 128
Master_UUID: 3396fe35-b1e1-11e8-81bb-000c292340f6
Master_Info_File: /opt/data/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 1
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> quit
Byedoudoumysql> create database doudou;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| doudou |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.03 sec)doudou库mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| doudou |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
标签：its grant current event 优势 -name 同步 mysl you
原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/13858192/2171750
