手把手教你实现Java权限管理系统后端篇（十三）：系统备份还原

时间：2018-09-22 18:22:14 阅读：294 评论：0 收藏：0 [点我收藏+]

标签：auto 数据结构 head etc @param swagger 服务类 delete 删除

系统备份还原

在很多时候，我们需要系统数据进行备份还原。我们这里就使用MySql的备份还原命令实现系统备份还原的功能。

新建工程

新建一个maven项目，并添加相关依赖，可以用Spring boot脚手架生成。

新建 kitty-bakcup 工程，这是一个独立运行于后台系统的应用程序，可以分开部署。

技术分享图片

pom.xml 文件添加相关依赖。

        <!-- spring boot -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- swagger -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
            <version>${swagger.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
            <version>${swagger.version}</version>
        </dependency>

添加Spring boot启动类。

package com.louis.kitty.backup;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages={"com.louis.kitty"})
public class KittyBackupApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(KittyBackupApplication.class, args);
    }
}

添加配置

创建项目配置文件，添加备份还原数据源配置。

resources/application.yml

# backup datasource
spring:
  backup:
    datasource:
      host: localhost
      userName: root
      password: 123456
      database: kitty

添加配置属性读取配置类。

BackupDataSourceProperties.java

package com.louis.kitty.backup.datasource;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component  
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.backup.datasource")  
public class BackupDataSourceProperties {
    
    private String host;
    private String userName;
    private String password;
    private String database;
    public String getHost() {
        return host;
    }
    public void setHost(String host) {
        this.host = host;
    }
    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }
    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    public String getDatabase() {
        return database;
    }
    public void setDatabase(String database) {
        this.database = database;
    }
    
}

添加swagger配置类，用于测试备份还原接口。

package com.louis.kitty.backup.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;

@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class SwaggerConfig {
    
    @Bean
    public Docket createRestApi() {
        return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2).select()
                .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.any()).paths(PathSelectors.any()).build();
    }
    
}

添加跨域配置类，因为前后端分离，跨域肯定是要支持的。

package com.louis.kitty.backup.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.CorsRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

@Configuration
public class CorsConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    @Override
    public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) {
        registry.addMapping("/**")    // 允许跨域访问的路径
        .allowedOrigins("*")    // 允许跨域访问的源
        .allowedMethods("POST", "GET", "PUT", "OPTIONS", "DELETE")    // 允许请求方法
        .maxAge(168000)    // 预检间隔时间
        .allowedHeaders("*")  // 允许头部设置
        .allowCredentials(true);    // 是否发送cookie
    }
}

备份还原逻辑

备份还原逻辑封装在一个工具类中，可以单独从项目中提取出来，方便复用。

内部main方法提供简单实用示例，可以方便快速的知晓实用方法。

备份还原功能主要是借助命令行执行MySql的数据备份还原命令实现的。

package com.louis.kitty.backup.util;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * MySQL备份还原工具类
 * @author Louis
 * @date Sep 21, 2018
 */
public class MySqlBackupRestoreUtils {

    /**
     * 备份数据库
     * @param host host地址，可以是本机也可以是远程
     * @param userName 数据库的用户名
     * @param password 数据库的密码
     * @param savePath 备份的路径
     * @param fileName 备份的文件名
     * @param databaseName 需要备份的数据库的名称
     * @return
     * @throws IOException 
     */
    public static boolean backup(String host, String userName, String password, String backupFolderPath, String fileName,
            String database) throws Exception {
        File backupFolderFile = new File(backupFolderPath);
        if (!backupFolderFile.exists()) {
            // 如果目录不存在则创建
            backupFolderFile.mkdirs();
        }
        if (!backupFolderPath.endsWith(File.separator) || !backupFolderPath.endsWith("/")) {
            backupFolderPath = backupFolderPath + File.separator;
        }
        // 拼接命令行的命令
        String backupFilePath = backupFolderPath + fileName;
        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        stringBuilder.append("mysqldump --opt ").append(" --add-drop-database ").append(" --add-drop-table ");
        stringBuilder.append(" -h").append(host).append(" -u").append(userName).append(" -p").append(password);
        stringBuilder.append(" --result-file=").append(backupFilePath).append(" --default-character-set=utf8 ").append(database);
        // 调用外部执行 exe 文件的 Java API
        Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(getCommand(stringBuilder.toString()));
        if (process.waitFor() == 0) {
            // 0 表示线程正常终止
            System.out.println("数据已经备份到 " +backupFilePath + " 文件中");
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 还原数据库
     * @param restoreFilePath 数据库备份的脚本路径
     * @param host IP地址
     * @param database 数据库名称
     * @param userName 用户名
     * @param password 密码
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean restore(String restoreFilePath, String host, String userName, String password, String database)
            throws Exception {
        File restoreFile = new File(restoreFilePath);
        if (restoreFile.isDirectory()) {
            for (File file : restoreFile.listFiles()) {
                if (file.exists() && file.getPath().endsWith(".sql")) {
                    restoreFilePath = file.getAbsolutePath();
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        stringBuilder.append("mysql -h").append(host).append(" -u").append(userName).append(" -p").append(password);
        stringBuilder.append(" ").append(database).append(" < ").append(restoreFilePath);
        try {
            Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(getCommand(stringBuilder.toString()));
            if (process.waitFor() == 0) {
                System.out.println("数据已从 " + restoreFilePath + " 导入到数据库中");
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    private static String[] getCommand(String command) {
        String os = System.getProperty("os.name");  
        String shell = "/bin/sh";
        if(os.toLowerCase().startsWith("win")){  
            shell = "cmd";
        }  
        String[] cmd = { shell, "/c", command };
        return cmd;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String host = "localhost";
        String userName = "root";
        String password = "123456";
        String database = "kitty";
        
        System.out.println("开始备份");
        String backupFolderPath = "c:/dev/";
        String fileName = "kitty.sql";
        backup(host, userName, password, backupFolderPath, fileName, database);
        System.out.println("备份成功");
        
        System.out.println("开始还原");
        String restoreFilePath = "c:/dev/kitty.sql";
        restore(restoreFilePath, host, userName, password, database);
        System.out.println("还原成功");

    }
}

备份还原服务

备份还原服务通过调用工具类实现备份还原功能。

MysqlBackupService.java

package com.louis.kitty.backup.service;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * MySql命令行备份恢复服务
 * @author Louis
 * @date Sep 20, 2018
 */
public interface MysqlBackupService {

    /**
     * 备份数据库
     * @param host host地址，可以是本机也可以是远程
     * @param userName 数据库的用户名
     * @param password 数据库的密码
     * @param savePath 备份的路径
     * @param fileName 备份的文件名
     * @param databaseName 需要备份的数据库的名称
     * @return
     * @throws IOException 
     */
    boolean backup(String host, String userName, String password, String backupFolderPath, String fileName, String database) throws Exception;

    /**
     * 恢复数据库
     * @param restoreFilePath 数据库备份的脚本路径
     * @param host IP地址
     * @param database 数据库名称
     * @param userName 用户名
     * @param password 密码
     * @return
     */
    boolean restore(String restoreFilePath, String host, String userName, String password, String database) throws Exception;

}

MysqlBackupServiceImpl.java

package com.louis.kitty.backup.service.impl;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.louis.kitty.backup.service.MysqlBackupService;
import com.louis.kitty.backup.util.MySqlBackupRestoreUtils;

@Service
public class MysqlBackupServiceImpl implements MysqlBackupService {

    @Override
    public boolean backup(String host, String userName, String password, String backupFolderPath, String fileName,
            String database) throws Exception {
        return MySqlBackupRestoreUtils.backup(host, userName, password, backupFolderPath, fileName, database);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean restore(String restoreFilePath, String host, String userName, String password, String database)
            throws Exception {
        return MySqlBackupRestoreUtils.restore(restoreFilePath, host, userName, password, database);
    }

}

备份还原接口

备份还原服务通过调用服务类实现备份还原的REST接口。

提供备份查询、创建备份、版本还原、删除备份的功能。

MySqlBackupController.java

package com.louis.kitty.backup.controller;

import java.io.File;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.louis.kitty.backup.constants.BackupConstants;
import com.louis.kitty.backup.datasource.BackupDataSourceProperties;
import com.louis.kitty.backup.service.MysqlBackupService;
import com.louis.kitty.backup.util.FileUtils;
import com.louis.kitty.backup.util.HttpResult;

/**
 * 系统数据备份还原
 * 采用MYSQL备份还原命令
 * @author Louis
 * @date Sep 20, 2018
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/backup")
public class MySqlBackupController {

    @Autowired
    MysqlBackupService mysqlBackupService;
    @Autowired
    BackupDataSourceProperties properties;

    @GetMapping("/backup")
    public HttpResult backup() {
        String host = properties.getHost();
        String userName = properties.getUserName();
        String password = properties.getPassword();
        String database = properties.getDatabase();
        String backupFodlerName = BackupConstants.DEFAULT_BACKUP_NAME+ "_" + (new SimpleDateFormat(BackupConstants.DATE_FORMAT)).format(new Date());
        String backupFolderPath = BackupConstants.BACKUP_FOLDER + backupFodlerName + File.separator;
        String fileName = BackupConstants.BACKUP_FILE_NAME;
        try {
            mysqlBackupService.backup(host, userName, password, backupFolderPath, fileName, database);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return HttpResult.error(500, e.getMessage());
        }
        return HttpResult.ok();
    }

    @GetMapping("/restore")
    public HttpResult restore(@RequestParam String name) {
        String host = properties.getHost();
        String userName = properties.getUserName();
        String password = properties.getPassword();
        String database = properties.getDatabase();
        String restoreFilePath = BackupConstants.RESTORE_FOLDER + name;
        try {
            mysqlBackupService.restore(restoreFilePath, host, userName, password, database);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return HttpResult.error(500, e.getMessage());
        }
        return HttpResult.ok();
    }
    
    @GetMapping("/findRecords")
    public HttpResult findBackupRecords() {
        List<Map<String, Object>> backupRecords = new ArrayList<>();
        File restoreFolderFile = new File(BackupConstants.RESTORE_FOLDER);
        if(restoreFolderFile.exists()) {
            for(File file:restoreFolderFile.listFiles()) {
                Map<String, Object> bean = new HashMap<>();
                bean.put("name", file.getName());
                bean.put("title", file.getName());
                if(BackupConstants.DEFAULT_BACKUP_NAME.equals(file.getName())) {
                    bean.put("title", "系统默认备份");
                }
                backupRecords.add(bean);
            }
        }
        return HttpResult.ok(backupRecords);
    }
    
    @GetMapping("/delete")
    public HttpResult deleteBackupRecord(@RequestParam String name) {
        if(BackupConstants.DEFAULT_BACKUP_NAME.equals(name)) {
            return HttpResult.error("系统默认备份无法删除!");
        }
        String restoreFilePath = BackupConstants.RESTORE_FOLDER + name;
        try {
            FileUtils.deleteFile(new File(restoreFilePath));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return HttpResult.error(500, e.getMessage());
        }
        return HttpResult.ok();
    }

}

接口测试

启动应用，访问 http://localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html#/ ，测试Swagger接口。

创建备份

调用备份接口，生成备份。

技术分享图片

备份创建成功之后，会在_backup目录下生成以时间戳相关的备份目录，目录下包含数据库备份SQL文件。

为防止所有备份被删除，backup目录下提供系统默认备份，放置系统初始化数据，通过删除接口，不可删除。

技术分享图片

查找备份

通过备份查询接口，可以查询所有备份记录，显示在前台，用于提供备份的还原和删除。

技术分享图片

备份查询接口返回如下数据结构，name为操作标识，title用于前台显示备份信息。

{
  "code": 200,
  "msg": null,
  "data": [
    {
      "name": "backup",
      "title": "系统默认备份"
    },
    {
      "name": "backup_2018-09-22_103504",
      "title": "backup_2018-09-22_103504"
    },
    {
      "name": "backup_2018-09-22_103506",
      "title": "backup_2018-09-22_103506"
    },
    {
      "name": "backup_2018-09-22_103508",
      "title": "backup_2018-09-22_103508"
    }
  ]
}