标签:des style blog color io os 使用 ar for
今天上午、 继续练习了一下swift
然后 首先打开Xcode6
紧接着 我们创建一个playGround。 playGround不知道的孩子、 去百度给自己科普一下
然后 我们看一下代码 、 跟着打 别赋值粘贴
1 // Playground - noun: a place where people can play 2 3 import UIKit 4 5 // HelloWorld 6 var str = "Hello, playground" 7 8 // 常量可以改变值 9 var myVariable = 42 10 myVariable = 50 11 let myConstant = 42 12 13 // 指定数据类型 14 let floatNumber:Float = 4 15 16 // 使用强制转换 17 let lable = "the lable is " 18 let width = 94 19 let labelwidth = lable + String(width) 20 21 // 使用双引号中的\来转换 22 let apples = 3 23 let oranges = 5 24 let appleSummary = "i have \(apples) apples" 25 let orangeSummary = "i have \(oranges) oranges" 26 27 // 自动识别数据类型加斜杠转换 28 let somebody = "Alice" 29 let age = 23.5 30 let hellosomebody = "\(somebody) is \(age)" 31 32 // 数组的初始化以及赋值 33 var shoppingList = ["Alice", "Dylan"] 34 shoppingList[1] = "Petit Alice" 35 36 // 字典的初始化以及赋值 37 var occupations = [ 38 39 "male" : "Alice", 40 "female" : "Dylan" 41 ] 42 occupations["male"] = "Alice.Petit" 43 44 // 初始化一个空的数组或者字典 45 let emptyArray = [String]() 46 let emptyDictionary = [String:Float]() 47 48 // 初始化一个自动识别类型的字典或者数组 49 let emptyArray_auto = [] 50 let emptyDictionary_auto = [:] 51 52 // 控制流 不能省略大括号 53 let individualScores = [75, 42, 103, 87, 12] 54 var teamScore = 0 55 for score in individualScores { 56 if score > 50 { 57 teamScore += 3 58 } else { 59 teamScore += 1 60 } 61 } 62 teamScore 63 64 // 写到这里 突然发现 变量名称直接打出去 就能打印了 65 let emptyA = ["key": "value"] 66 emptyA 67 68 // 在if条件中 条件必须是bool表达式 输如一个直接score会出错的 看好了 是必须是表达式 69 70 // 使用let来标记 71 var optionalString: String? = "Hello" 72 optionalString == nil 73 74 var optionalName: String? = "John Appleseed" 75 var getting = "Hello" 76 optionalName = nil 77 78 if let name = optionalName { 79 getting = "hello, \(name)" 80 } else { 81 getting = "hello, Alice" 82 } 83 84 // switch 85 let vegetable = "red pepper" 86 switch vegetable { 87 case "celery": 88 let vegetableComment = "add some" 89 case "cummber", "watercress": 90 let vegetableComment = "this would make a good tea" 91 case let x where x.hasSuffix("pepper"): 92 let vegetableComment = "is it a spicy \(x)" 93 default: 94 let vegetableComment = "everything tastes good in soup" 95 } 96 97 // 碰到匹配的句子后 switch不会在继续往前走 98 let interstingNumbers = [ 99 "prime" : [2, 3, 4, 6], 100 "Fibonacci" : [1, 1, 2, 3], 101 "Square" : [1, 4, 5] 102 ] 103 104 var largest = 0 105 var maxtype = "" 106 for (kind, numbers) in interstingNumbers { 107 108 for number in numbers { 109 if number > largest { 110 largest = number 111 maxtype = kind 112 } 113 } 114 115 } 116 largest 117 maxtype 118 119 // while 120 var n = 2 121 while n < 100 { 122 n = n*2 123 } 124 n 125 126 var m = 2 127 do { 128 m = m*2 129 } while m < 100 130 131 m 132 133 // 注意到了把 while do 不会多循环一次的 他们是等价的 134 135 // ..< 136 var firstForLoop = 0 137 for i in 0..<4 { 138 firstForLoop += i 139 } 140 firstForLoop 141 142 var secondForLoop = 0 143 for var i=0; i<4; i++ { 144 secondForLoop += i 145 } 146 secondForLoop 147 148 var thirdForLoop = 0 149 for i in 0...4 { 150 thirdForLoop += i 151 } 152 thirdForLoop 153 154 // func 155 func greet(name:String, day:String) ->String { 156 157 return "Hello. \(name), today is \(day)" 158 } 159 greet("Alice", "Tuesday") 160 161 func whateating(name:String) ->String { 162 return "\(name) eat what?" 163 } 164 whateating("Alice") 165 166 // 使用元组让一个函数返回多个值 167 func calculateStatistics(scores:[Int]) ->(min: Int, max:Int, sum:Int) { 168 var min = scores[0] 169 var max = scores[0] 170 var sum = 0 171 172 for score in scores { 173 174 if score > max { 175 max = score 176 } 177 178 if score < min { 179 min = score 180 } 181 182 sum += score 183 } 184 185 return (min, max, sum) 186 } 187 let staticArray = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] 188 calculateStatistics(staticArray) 189 // 返回值可以用点语法单独的取到 也可以用位置 190 calculateStatistics(staticArray).sum 191 calculateStatistics(staticArray).0 192 193 // 函数可以带有可变个数的参数 194 func sumOf(numbers: Int...) ->Int { 195 196 var sum = 0 197 for number in numbers { 198 sum += number 199 } 200 return sum 201 } 202 sumOf(1, 2) 203 sumOf() 204 sumOf(1,2 ,3 ,4,5) 205 206 // 计算参数平均值的联系 207 func acr(number:Int...) ->Float { 208 209 var sum = 0 210 for num in number { 211 sum += num 212 } 213 return Float(sum)/Float(number.count) 214 } 215 acr(1, 2, 3) 216 acr(3, 4) 217 218 // 函数可以嵌套 被嵌套的函数可以访问外侧函数的变量 可以嵌套函数来重构一个太长或者太复杂的函数 219 func returnFifteen() ->Int { 220 var y = 10 221 func add() { 222 y += 5 223 } 224 add() 225 return y 226 } 227 returnFifteen() 228 229 // 函数可以作为另一个函数的返回值 230 func makeIncrementer() ->(Int->Int) { 231 232 func addOne(number: Int) ->Int { 233 return 1 + number 234 } 235 return addOne 236 } 237 238 var increment = makeIncrementer() 239 increment(7) 240 241 // 函数可以当做参数 传入另一个函数 242 func hasAnymatches(list:[Int], condition:Int->Bool) ->Bool { 243 244 for item in list { 245 if condition(item) { 246 return true 247 } 248 } 249 return false 250 } 251 252 func lessThanTen(number: Int) ->Bool { 253 return number < 10 254 } 255 256 var numbers = [20, 19, 2, 12] 257 hasAnymatches(numbers, lessThanTen) 258 259 // 函数实际上是一特殊的闭包 使用{} 来创建一个匿名的闭包 使用int将参数和饭追只类型声明与闭包函数体进行分离 260 numbers.map({ 261 (number: Int) -> Int in 262 let result = 3 * number 263 return result 264 }) 265 266 numbers.map({ 267 (number: Int) -> Int in 268 if number % 2 != 0 { 269 return 0 270 } 271 return 1 272 }) 273 274 let mappedNumbers = numbers.map({ 275 number in 3 * number 276 }) 277 mappedNumbers 278 279 let sortedNumbers = sorted(numbers) { 280 $0 > $1 281 } 282 sortedNumbers 283 284 // 对象和类 285 class Shape { 286 var numberOdSides = 0 287 let testGetNumber = 0 288 289 func setNumber(number: Int) { 290 numberOdSides = number 291 } 292 293 func simpleDescription() ->String { 294 295 return "A shape with \(numberOdSides) sides" 296 } 297 } 298 299 var shape = Shape() 300 shape .setNumber(10) 301 shape .simpleDescription() 302 303 // init 304 class NamedShape { 305 var numberOfSides: Int = 0 306 var name:String 307 308 init(name: String, number:Int) { 309 self.name = name 310 self.numberOfSides = number 311 } 312 313 func simepleDescription() ->String { 314 return "A \(name) with \(numberOfSides) sides" 315 } 316 } 317 var nameShape = NamedShape(name: "Alice", number: 20) 318 nameShape .simepleDescription() 319 320 // 继承 321 class Square: NamedShape { 322 var sidelength: Double 323 324 init(sidelength: Double, name:String, number: Int) { 325 326 self.sidelength = sidelength 327 super.init(name: name, number: number) 328 } 329 330 func area() ->Double { 331 332 return sidelength * sidelength 333 } 334 335 override func simepleDescription() -> String { 336 return "a Square with Sides of Length \(sidelength)" 337 } 338 } 339 340 // getter setter 341 class EquilaterTrabgle: NamedShape { 342 343 var sideLengths: Double = 0.0 344 345 init(side: Double, name: String, number: Int) { 346 self.sideLengths = side 347 super.init(name: name, number: number) 348 } 349 350 var perimeter: Double { 351 352 get { 353 return 3 * sideLengths 354 } 355 356 set { 357 sideLengths = newValue / 3.0 358 } 359 } 360 361 override func simepleDescription() -> String { 362 return "an square triagle with \(sideLengths)" 363 } 364 } 365 366 var triangle = EquilaterTrabgle(side: 3.1, name: "Alice", number: 3) 367 triangle.perimeter 368 triangle.perimeter = 9.9 369 triangle.sideLengths 370 triangle.simepleDescription() 371 372 // 默认的情况相爱 方法的参数名和他们在方法内部的名字一样 373 class counter { 374 var count: Int = 0 375 func incrementBy(amount: Int, numberOfTimes times: Int) { 376 count += amount * times 377 } 378 } 379 var count = counter(); 380 count.incrementBy(2, numberOfTimes: 7) 381 382 // 处理变量的可选值的时候。 你可以在操作之前加?之前的值是nil的话那么后边的东西讲不会被执行 否则 ?后边的东西被运行 这种情况下 整个表达式只有一个可选值 383 let optionalSquare: Square = Square(sidelength: 2, name: "Alice", number: 3) 384 let sidelength = optionalSquare.sidelength 385 386 // 枚举和结构体 387 enum Rank: Int { 388 389 case Ace = 1 390 case Two, Three, Four, Five 391 case Jack, Queen 392 393 func simpleDescription() ->String { 394 switch self { 395 case .Ace: 396 return "ace" 397 case .Jack: 398 return "jack" 399 case .Queen: 400 return "queen" 401 default: 402 return String(self.toRaw()) 403 } 404 } 405 } 406 let ace = Rank.Ace 407 let aceRowValue = ace.toRaw() 408 ace.simpleDescription() 409 410 // 写一个函数 来比较两个Rank值 411 enum Ranks: Int { 412 case one = 1 413 case two = 2 414 case three = 3 415 416 func sub(number1: Int, number2: Int) ->Int { 417 418 return number1 > number2 ? number1 : number2 419 } 420 } 421 let one = Ranks.one 422 one.sub(10, number2: 2) 423 424 // 使用toRow 和fromRow函数在原始值和枚举值之前轻松的切换 425 if let convertedRank = Rank.fromRaw(3) { 426 let threeDescription = convertedRank.simpleDescription() 427 threeDescription 428 } 429 430 // 枚举的成员是实际值并不是原始值的另一种表达方法 实际上 如果原始值没有意义 你不需要设置 431 enum Suit { 432 433 case Spades, Hearts, Diamonds, Clubs 434 435 func simleDescription() -> String { 436 switch self { 437 case .Spades: 438 return "spa" 439 case .hearts: 440 return "heart" 441 case .Diamonds: 442 return "dia" 443 case .Clubs: 444 return "clubs" 445 } 446 } 447 } 448 let hearts = Suit.Hearts 449 let heartsDescription = hearts.simleDescription() 450 451 // 定义一个结构体 接受上边传来的东西 452 struct Card { 453 var rank: Rank 454 var suit: Suit 455 456 func sipleDescription() ->String { 457 return "\(rank), \(suit)" 458 } 459 } 460 let thspeed = Card(rank: .Three, suit: .Spades) 461 let thspeeds = thspeed.sipleDescription() 462 thspeeds 463 thspeed 464 465 // 通过枚举 区别正确或者错误信息 466 enum ServerResponse { 467 case Result(String, String) 468 case Error(String) 469 } 470 471 let success = ServerResponse.Result("Alice", "Dylan") 472 let failure = ServerResponse.Error("Error") 473 474 switch success { 475 case let .Result(sunrise, sunset): 476 let serverResponse = "\(sunrise), \(sunset)" 477 case let .Error(error): 478 let serverResponse = "Failure .. \(error)" 479 } 480 481 // 协议和扩展 482 483 // 首先 使用protocal来申明一个协议 484 protocol ExamplepRrotocol { 485 var simpleDescription: String { 486 get 487 } 488 mutating func adjust() 489 } 490 491 // 类 枚举 结构体都可以实现协议 492 class SimoleClass: ExamplepRrotocol { 493 var simpleDescription: String = "A very petit girl" 494 var anotherpRroperty: Int = 69105 495 func adjust() { 496 simpleDescription += "Alice" 497 } 498 } 499 500 var a = SimoleClass() 501 a.adjust() 502 503 let aDescription = a.simpleDescription 504 505 struct SimpleStructure : ExamplepRrotocol{ 506 var simpleDescription: String = "Alice" 507 mutating func adjust() { 508 simpleDescription += ".Dylan" 509 } 510 } 511 512 var b = SimpleStructure() 513 b.adjust() 514 let bDescription = b.simpleDescription 515 516 // extension 为现有的类型添加功能 517 //extension Int: ExamplepRrotocol { 518 // var simpleDescription: String { 519 // return "the number \(self)" 520 // } 521 //}
ok 大家又会有个提升。 加油喽
标签:des style blog color io os 使用 ar for
原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/Dylan-Alice/p/Swift_Strong.html