python的ConfigParser模块

1 [section] 
2 name=value
3 或者
4 name: value
5 "#" 和";" 表示注释
6 
7 [DEFAULT] #设置默认的变量值，初始化

1 [My Section]
2 foodir: %(dir)s/whatever
3 dir=frob
4 long: this value continues
5    in the next line

1 ConfigParser.RawConfigParser([defaults[, dict_type[, allow_no_value]]]) 
2 
3 defaults : 如果指定默认值，则使用默认值的键值对
4 dict_type：使用新的section的键值对
5 allow_no_value ：默认是False，如果是True，表示可以接收空值（None）
6 return：对象

1 ConfigParser.ConfigParser([defaults[, dict_type[, allow_no_value]]]) 

 ConfigParser.SafeConfigParser([defaults[, dict_type[, allow_no_value]]]) 

1 import ConfigParser, os
2 
3 config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
4 config.readfp(open(‘defaults.cfg‘))
5 config.read([‘site.cfg‘, os.path.expanduser(‘~/.myapp.cfg‘)])

1 cfgparser = ConfigParser()
2 ...
3 cfgparser.optionxform = str

set(section, option, value) 

 1 import ConfigParser
 2 
 3 config = ConfigParser.RawConfigParser()
 4 
 5 # When adding sections or items, add them in the reverse order of
 6 # how you want them to be displayed in the actual file.
 7 # In addition, please note that using RawConfigParser‘s and the raw
 8 # mode of ConfigParser‘s respective set functions, you can assign
 9 # non-string values to keys internally, but will receive an error
10 # when attempting to write to a file or when you get it in non-raw
11 # mode. SafeConfigParser does not allow such assignments to take place.
12 config.add_section(‘Section1‘)
13 config.set(‘Section1‘, ‘an_int‘, ‘15‘)
14 config.set(‘Section1‘, ‘a_bool‘, ‘true‘)
15 config.set(‘Section1‘, ‘a_float‘, ‘3.1415‘)
16 config.set(‘Section1‘, ‘baz‘, ‘fun‘)
17 config.set(‘Section1‘, ‘bar‘, ‘Python‘)
18 config.set(‘Section1‘, ‘foo‘, ‘%(bar)s is %(baz)s!‘)
19 
20 # Writing our configuration file to ‘example.cfg‘
21 with open(‘example.cfg‘, ‘wb‘) as configfile:
22     config.write(configfile)

 1 import ConfigParser
 2 
 3 config = ConfigParser.RawConfigParser()
 4 config.read(‘example.cfg‘)
 5 
 6 # getfloat() raises an exception if the value is not a float
 7 # getint() and getboolean() also do this for their respective types
 8 a_float = config.getfloat(‘Section1‘, ‘a_float‘)
 9 an_int = config.getint(‘Section1‘, ‘an_int‘)
10 print a_float + an_int
11 
12 # Notice that the next output does not interpolate ‘%(bar)s‘ or ‘%(baz)s‘.
13 # This is because we are using a RawConfigParser().
14 if config.getboolean(‘Section1‘, ‘a_bool‘):
15     print config.get(‘Section1‘, ‘foo‘)

 1 import ConfigParser
 2 
 3 config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
 4 config.read(‘example.cfg‘)
 5 
 6 # Set the third, optional argument of get to 1 if you wish to use raw mode.
 7 print config.get(‘Section1‘, ‘foo‘, 0)  # -> "Python is fun!"
 8 print config.get(‘Section1‘, ‘foo‘, 1)  # -> "%(bar)s is %(baz)s!"
 9 
10 # The optional fourth argument is a dict with members that will take
11 # precedence in interpolation.
12 print config.get(‘Section1‘, ‘foo‘, 0, {‘bar‘: ‘Documentation‘,
13                                         ‘baz‘: ‘evil‘})

 1 import ConfigParser
 2 
 3 # New instance with ‘bar‘ and ‘baz‘ defaulting to ‘Life‘ and ‘hard‘ each
 4 config = ConfigParser.SafeConfigParser({‘bar‘: ‘Life‘, ‘baz‘: ‘hard‘})
 5 config.read(‘example.cfg‘)
 6 
 7 print config.get(‘Section1‘, ‘foo‘)  # -> "Python is fun!"
 8 config.remove_option(‘Section1‘, ‘bar‘)
 9 config.remove_option(‘Section1‘, ‘baz‘)
10 print config.get(‘Section1‘, ‘foo‘)  # -> "Life is hard!"

1 def opt_move(config, section1, section2, option):
2     try:
3         config.set(section2, option, config.get(section1, option, 1))
4     except ConfigParser.NoSectionError:
5         # Create non-existent section
6         config.add_section(section2)
7         opt_move(config, section1, section2, option)
8     else:
9         config.remove_option(section1, option)

>>> import ConfigParser
>>> import io

>>> sample_config = """
... [mysqld]
... user = mysql
... pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
... skip-external-locking
... old_passwords = 1
... skip-bdb
... skip-innodb
... """
>>> config = ConfigParser.RawConfigParser(allow_no_value=True)
>>> config.readfp(io.BytesIO(sample_config))

>>> # Settings with values are treated as before:
>>> config.get("mysqld", "user")
‘mysql‘

>>> # Settings without values provide None:
>>> config.get("mysqld", "skip-bdb")

>>> # Settings which aren‘t specified still raise an error:
>>> config.get("mysqld", "does-not-exist")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  ...
ConfigParser.NoOptionError: No option ‘does-not-exist‘ in section: ‘mysqld‘