python+selenium自动测试之WebDriver的常用API（基础篇一）

 1 driver = webdriver.Chrome()  # 初始化chrome
 2 driver1 = webdriver.Firefox()  # 初始化Firefox
 3 driver2 = webdriver.Ie()  # 初始化IE
 4 driver3 = webdriver.Edge()  # # 初始化Edge
 5 driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")  # 打开url
 6 driver.capabilities[‘version‘]  # 获取浏览器version
 7 driver.maximize_window()  # 将浏览器最大化显示
 8 driver.set_window_size(480, 800)  # 设置浏览器宽480、高800显示
 9 driver.back()  # 浏览器后退
10 driver.forward()  # 浏览器前进
11 driver.title  # 获取当前页面的title
12 driver.current_url  # 获取当前页面的URL
13 driver.current_window_handle  # 获取当前浏览器窗口的句柄
14 driver.close()  # 关闭浏览器，关闭当前浏览器，即最上层那个
15 driver.quit()  # 关闭webdriver打开的所有浏览器

 1 # return ：WebElement - the element if it was found
 2 driver.find_element(By.ID, ‘foo‘)
 3 driver.find_element_by_id("foo")
 4 driver.find_element_by_name("foo")
 5 driver.find_element_by_class_name("foo")
 6 driver.find_element_by_tag_name("h1")
 7 driver.find_element_by_link_text("Sign In")
 8 driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text("Sign")
 9 driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div/td[1]")
10 driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#foo")

 1 # return: list of WebElement - a list with elements if any was found. An empty list if not
 2 driver.find_elements(By.CLASS_NAME, ‘foo‘)
 3 driver.find_elements_by_id("foo")
 4 driver.find_elements_by_name("foo")
 5 driver.find_elements_by_class_name("foo")
 6 driver.find_elements_by_tag_name("h1")
 7 driver.find_elements_by_link_text("Sign In")
 8 driver.find_elements_by_partial_link_text("Sign")
 9 driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//div[contains(@class, ‘foo‘)]")
10 driver.find_elements_by_css_selector("#foo")

 1 # 清除输入框的默认内容
 2 driver.find_element_by_id("foo").clear()
 3 # 输入框里输入context
 4 driver.find_element_by_id("foo").send_keys("context")
 5 # 单击一个按钮
 6 driver.find_element_by_id("foo").click()
 7 # 提交表单
 8 driver.find_element_by_id("foo").submit()
 9 # 返回元素的尺寸
10 driver.driver.find_element_by_id("foo").size
11 # 获取元素文本
12 driver.find_element_by_id("foo").text
13 # 返回元素的属性值，元素拥有的任意属性。如果是input的，可以通过获取value值获得当前输入的值
14 driver.find_element_by_id("foo").get_attribute(‘value‘)
15 # 返回元素的结果是否可见，返回结果为True或False
16 driver.find_element_by_id("foo").is_displayed()

 1 from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains 
 2 # 定位鼠标元素
 3 mouse = driver.find_element_by_id("foo")
 4 # 对定位到的元素执行鼠标右键操作
 5 ActionChains(driver).context_click(mouse).perform()
 6 # 对定位到的元素执行鼠标双击操作
 7 ActionChains(driver).double_click(mouse).perform()
 8 # 对定位到的元素执行鼠标移动到上面的操作
 9 ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(mouse).perform()
10 # 对定位到的元素执行鼠标左键按下的操作,注意这里是点击下去不释放
11 ActionChains(driver).click_and_hold(mouse).perform()
12 
13 # 鼠标拖放操作
14 element = driver.find_element_by_id("foo1")  # 定位元素的原位置 
15 target = driver.find_element_by_id("foo2")  # 定位元素要移动到的目标位置 
16 ActionChains(driver).drag_and_drop(element, target).perform()  # 执行元素的移动操作

 1 from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
 2 
 3 driver.find_element_by_id("foo").send_keys(Keys.BACK_SPACE)  # 删除键(BackSpace)
 4 driver.find_element_by_id("foo").send_keys(Keys.SPACE)  # 空格键(Space)
 5 driver.find_element_by_id("foo").send_keys(Keys.TAB)  # 制表键(Tab)
 6 driver.find_element_by_id("foo").send_keys(Keys.ESCAPE)  # 回退键(Esc)
 7 driver.find_element_by_id("foo").send_keys(Keys.ENTER)  # 回车键(Enter)
 8 driver.find_element_by_id("foo").send_keys(Keys.DELETE)  # 删除键(Delete)
 9 driver.find_element_by_id("foo").send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, ‘a‘)  # 全选(Ctrl+A)
10 driver.find_element_by_id("foo").send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, ‘c‘)  # 复制(Ctrl+C)
11 driver.find_element_by_id("foo").send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, ‘x‘)  # 剪切(Ctrl+X)
12 driver.find_element_by_id("foo").send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, ‘v‘)  # 粘贴(Ctrl+V)