T-SQL基础（五）之增删改

INSERT INTO table_name(field1[,field2]...) 
VALUES(value1[,value2]...);

INSERT INTTO table_name(field1[,field2]...) 
VALUES(value1[,value2]...)[,(value3,[value4]...)];

USE WJChi;
?
-- 插入一条数据
INSERT INTO dbo.UserInfo(Id,Name,Age,IdentifyId,UAddressId)
VALUES
(NEWID(),N‘xfh‘,26,NEWID(),NEWID());
?
-- 插入多条数据
INSERT INTO dbo.UserInfo(Id,Name,Age,IdentifyId,UAddressId)
VALUES
(NEWID(),N‘xfh‘,26,NEWID(),NEWID()),
(NEWID(),N‘雪飞鸿‘,28,NEWID(),NEWID());

BULK INSERT target_table FROM `data_file_path`
WITH
(
    DATAFILETYPE = ‘‘,
    FIELDTERMINATOR = ‘‘,
    ROWTERMINATOR = ‘‘
)

INSERT INTO target_table(field1[,field2]) 
SELECT column1[,column2] 
FROM raw_table 
WHERE...

SELECT field1[,field2]
INTO target_table
FROM raw_table;

INSERT INTO target_table(field1[,field2])
EXEC stored_procedure;

UPDATE target_table
SET field1[,field2]
WHERE ...

BEGIN TRAN
UPDATE ...
ROLLBACK -- or COMMIT

UPDATE dbo.T1
SET col1 = col2, col2 = col1;

UPDATE dbo.T1
SET col1 = col1 + 10,col2 = col1 + 10;

UPDATE OD
SET discount += 0.5
FROM dbo.OrderDetails AS OD
JOIN dbo.Orders AS O
ON OD.orderid = O.orderid
WHERE O.custid = 1;

DELETE FROM target_table WHERE...

DELETE FROM Sales.SalesPersonQuotaHistory   
FROM Sales.SalesPersonQuotaHistory AS spqh  
INNER JOIN Sales.SalesPerson AS sp  
ON spqh.BusinessEntityID = sp.BusinessEntityID  
WHERE sp.SalesYTD > 2500000.00;  

DELETE spqh  
  FROM  
        Sales.SalesPersonQuotaHistory AS spqh  
    INNER JOIN Sales.SalesPerson AS sp  
        ON spqh.BusinessEntityID = sp.BusinessEntityID  
  WHERE  sp.SalesYTD > 2500000.00;  

DELETE TOP (20)   
FROM Purchasing.PurchaseOrderDetail  
WHERE DueDate < ‘20020701‘;  

TRUNCATE TABLE target_table;

MERGE target_table
USING raw_table
ON...
WHEN MATCHED THEN
// do something
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
// do something
;

MERGE INTO dbo.Customers AS CT
USING dbo.CustomersStage AS CS
    ON CT.Custid = CS.Custid
-- 源表中的数据与目标表相匹配
WHEN MATCHED THEN
    UPDATE SET CT.CompanyName = CS.CompanyName
--　源表中的数据与目标表不匹配
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
    INSERT(Custid,CompanyName) VALUES(CS.Custid,CS.CompanyName)
-- 目标表中的数据不被源表匹配
WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE THEN
    DELETE;

WITH Temp AS
(
    SELECT custid,OD.orderid,discount,discount+1 AS newDiscount
    FROM dbo.OrderDetails AS OD
    JOIN dbo.Orders AS O
    ON OD.orderid = O.orderid
    WHERE O.cusstid = 1
)
UPDATE Temp SET discount = newDiscount;

UPDATE Temp SET discount = newDiscount FROM
(
    SELECT custid,OD.orderid,discount,discount+1 AS newDiscount
    FROM dbo.OrderDetails AS OD
    JOIN dbo.Orders AS O
    ON OD.orderid = O.orderid
    WHERE O.cusstid = 1 
) AS Temp;

WITH Temp AS
(
    SELECT TOP(50) * FROM dbo.Orders ORDER BY orderid DESC
)
UPDATE Temp SET freight += 10.00;

WITH Temp AS
(
    SELECT * FROM dbo.Orders ORDER BY orderid DESC
    OFFSET 0 ROWS FETCH FIRST 50 ROWS ONLY;
)
UPDATE Temp SET freight += 10.00;

INSERT[DELETE|UPDATE|MERGE]
OUTPUT
-- 输出修改前的数据
DELETED
-- 输出修改后的数据
INSERTED
WHERE...

USE WJChi;
?
INSERT INTO dbo.UAddress
(
    Id,
    ShortAddress,
    LongAddress
)
OUTPUT Inserted.Id,Inserted.ShortAddress,Inserted.LongAddress
VALUES
(   NEWID(), -- Id - uniqueidentifier
    N‘临时地址‘,  -- ShortAddress - nvarchar(50)
    N‘上海市，临时地址‘   -- LongAddress - nvarchar(200)
);

USE WJChi;
?
DELETE TOP (1) FROM dbo.UserInfo
-- 输出被删除的行
OUTPUT DELETED.NAME,DELETED.Age;

USE WJChi;
?
UPDATE dbo.UserInfo SET Age=30 
-- 输出修改前的行
OUTPUT Deleted.Name AS OLD_AGE,Deleted.Age AS OLD_AGE,
-- 输出修改后的行
INSERTED.NAME AS NEW_NAME,INSERTED.Age AS NEW_AGE
WHERE Name=‘雪飞鸿‘;