Linux下MySQL安装

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  1 //获得以下所需的源代码包（文末附有安装包），并存放在/usr/local/src
  2 //与mysql相关：
  3 boost_1_59_0.tar.gz cmake-3.6.2.tar.gz mysql-5.7.16.tar.gz
  4 
  5 //安装cmake前的依赖包的安装
  6 //检查gcc-c++ 、ncurses-devel是否安装，如果没有安装，先用yum进行安装
  7 
  8 编译安装cmake工具
  9 cd /usr/local/src
 10 tar xf cmake-3.6.2.tar.gz
 11 cd cmake-3.6.2
 12 ./bootstrap --prefix=/usr/local/cmake
 13 make
 14 make install  #如果前面没有指定安装目录，则默认安装到/usr/local/bin/cmake
 15 
 16 建立mysql组和用户，并将mysql用户添加到mysql组
 17 groupadd mysql
 18 useradd -g mysql mysql
 19 创建mysql数据文件存放的目录
 20 mkdir /mydata
 21 chown mysql:mysql /mydata
 22 chmod o= /mydata              #设置其他人没有任何权限
 23 
 24 编译安装mysql
 25 cd /usr/local/src
 26 tar xf mysql-5.7.16.tar.gz
 27 cd mysql-5.7.16
 28 /usr/local/cmake/bin/cmake .  -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql  -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/mydata -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/src  -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc  -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1  -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all  -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci  -DWITH_DEBUG=0  -DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE=0  -DWITH_SSL:STRING=bundled  -DWITH_ZLIB:STRING=bundled
 29 make && make install
 30 
 31 更改mysql安装目录的属主属组并添加mysql环境变量
 32 chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
 33 vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
 34 文件内容是：
 35 export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
 36 执行命令：
 37 bash                          #让新的PATH变量生效
 38 
 39 加入服务列表并设置为开机自启
 40 cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files
 41 cp mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld
 42 chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
 43 chkconfig mysqld on
 44 
 45 修改mysql的配置文件
 46 cat /etc/my.cnf
 47 
 48 [mysql]
 49 socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
 50  
 51 [mysqld]
 52 datadir=/mydata
 53 socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
 54 user=mysql
 55 symbolic-links=0
 56 
 57 [mysqld_safe]
 58 log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
 59 pid-file=/mydata/mysqld.pid
 60 
 61 初始化mysql
 62 mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mydata
 63 说明：
 64 ##“-–initialize”会生成一个随机密码(~/.mysql_secret)，而”–initialize-insecure”不会生成密码 ##user表示指定用户 ##basedir表示mysql的安装路径，datadir表示数据库文件存放路径
 65 
 66 启动mysql服务
 67 # service mysqld start
 68 查看MySQL服务的进程和端口
 69 # ps -ef | grep mysqld
 70 root     22306     1  0 12:51 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/mydata --pid-file=/mydata/web1.deng.com.pid
 71 mysql    22480 22306 12 12:51 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mydata --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/mydata/web1.deng.com.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
 72 
 73 # netstat -an | grep :3306
 74 tcp        0      0 :::3306                     :::*                        LISTEN
 75 
 76 初始化MySQL数据库的root用户密码
 77 # mysql_secure_installation 
 78 
 79 Securing the MySQL server deployment.
 80 
 81 Connecting to MySQL using a blank password.
 82 
 83 VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords
 84 and improve security. It checks the strength of password
 85 and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
 86 secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin?
 87 
 88 Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: y                  #需要修改密码，所以输入y
 89 
 90 There are three levels of password validation policy:
 91 
 92 LOW    Length >= 8
 93 MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters
 94 STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary                  file
 95 
 96 Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG: 2          #设置密码复杂度为强
 97 Please set the password for root here.
 98 
 99 New password: 
100 
101 Re-enter new password:                                      #输入2次新密码
102 
103 Estimated strength of the password: 100 
104 Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
105 By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
106 allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
107 a user account created for them. This is intended only for
108 testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
109 You should remove them before moving into a production
110 environment.
111 
112 Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y   #删除匿名用户
113 Success.
114 
115 
116 Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
117 ‘localhost‘. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
118 the root password from the network.
119 
120 Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y     #禁止root远程登录
121 
122  ... skipping.
123 By default, MySQL comes with a database named ‘test‘ that
124 anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
125 and should be removed before moving into a production
126 environment.
127 
128 
129 Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y  #删除测试数据库
130  - Dropping test database...
131 Success.
132 
133  - Removing privileges on test database...
134 Success.
135 
136 Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
137 made so far will take effect immediately.
138 
139 Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y  #重新加载权限表
140 Success.
141 
142 All done! 
143 
144 将MySQL数据库的动态链接库共享至系统链接库
145 vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
146 文件内容是：
147 /usr/local/mysql/lib
148 
149 ldconfig -v           让系统重新读取库文件
150 
151 测试登陆MySQL数据库
152 # mysql -uroot -p
153 Enter password:             #输入刚才设置的新密码
154 Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
155 Your MySQL connection id is 5
156 Server version: 5.7.14 Source distribution
157 
158 Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
159 
160 Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
161 affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
162 owners.
163 
164 Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
165 
166 mysql> show databases;
167 +--------------------+
168 | Database           |
169 +--------------------+
170 | information_schema |
171 | mysql              |
172 | performance_schema |
173 | sys                |
174 +--------------------+
175 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
176 
177 mysql> exit
178 Bye