Python之路【第五篇】：面向对象及相关

while True:
    num1 = raw_input(‘num1:‘)
    num2 = raw_input(‘num2:‘)
    try:
        num1 = int(num1)
        num2 = int(num2)
        result = num1 + num2
    except Exception, e:
        print ‘出现异常，信息如下：‘
        print e

AttributeError 试图访问一个对象没有的树形，比如foo.x，但是foo没有属性x
IOError 输入/输出异常；基本上是无法打开文件
ImportError 无法引入模块或包；基本上是路径问题或名称错误
IndentationError 语法错误（的子类） ；代码没有正确对齐
IndexError 下标索引超出序列边界，比如当x只有三个元素，却试图访问x[5]
KeyError 试图访问字典里不存在的键
KeyboardInterrupt Ctrl+C被按下
NameError 使用一个还未被赋予对象的变量
SyntaxError Python代码非法，代码不能编译(个人认为这是语法错误，写错了）
TypeError 传入对象类型与要求的不符合
UnboundLocalError 试图访问一个还未被设置的局部变量，基本上是由于另有一个同名的全局变量，
导致你以为正在访问它
ValueError 传入一个调用者不期望的值，即使值的类型是正确的

ArithmeticError
AssertionError
AttributeError
BaseException
BufferError
BytesWarning
DeprecationWarning
EnvironmentError
EOFError
Exception
FloatingPointError
FutureWarning
GeneratorExit
ImportError
ImportWarning
IndentationError
IndexError
IOError
KeyboardInterrupt
KeyError
LookupError
MemoryError
NameError
NotImplementedError
OSError
OverflowError
PendingDeprecationWarning
ReferenceError
RuntimeError
RuntimeWarning
StandardError
StopIteration
SyntaxError
SyntaxWarning
SystemError
SystemExit
TabError
TypeError
UnboundLocalError
UnicodeDecodeError
UnicodeEncodeError
UnicodeError
UnicodeTranslateError
UnicodeWarning
UserWarning
ValueError
Warning
ZeroDivisionError

dic = ["wupeiqi", ‘alex‘]
try:
    dic[10]
except IndexError, e:
    print e

dic = {‘k1‘:‘v1‘}
try:
    dic[‘k20‘]
except KeyError, e:
    print e

s1 = ‘hello‘
try:
    int(s1)
except ValueError, e:
    print e

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import sys


def s1():
    print ‘s1‘


def s2():
    print ‘s2‘


this_module = sys.modules[__name__]

hasattr(this_module, ‘s1‘)
getattr(this_module, ‘s2‘)

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

def dev():
    return ‘dev‘

#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server


class DbHelper(object):

    def __init__(self):
        self.hostname = ‘1.1.1.1‘
        self.port = 3306
        self.password = ‘pwd‘
        self.username = ‘root‘

    def fetch(self):
        # 连接数据库
        # 拼接sql语句
        # 操作
        return ‘fetch‘

    def create(self):
        # 连接数据库
        # 拼接sql语句
        # 操作
        return ‘create‘

    def remove(self):
        # 连接数据库
        # 拼接sql语句
        # 操作
        return ‘remove‘

    def modify(self):
        # 连接数据库
        # 拼接sql语句
        # 操作
        return ‘modify‘


class Handler(object):

    def index(self):
        # 创建对象
        db = DbHelper()
        db.fetch()
        return ‘index‘

    def news(self):
        return ‘news‘


def RunServer(environ, start_response):
    start_response(‘200 OK‘, [(‘Content-Type‘, ‘text/html‘)])
    url = environ[‘PATH_INFO‘]
    temp = url.split(‘/‘)[1]
    obj = Handler()
    is_exist = hasattr(obj, temp)
    if is_exist:
        func = getattr(obj, temp)
        ret = func()
        return ret
    else:
        return ‘404 not found‘

if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    httpd = make_server(‘‘, 8001, RunServer)
    print "Serving HTTP on port 8001..."
    httpd.serve_forever()

#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server

# ########### 单例类定义 ###########
class DbHelper(object):

    __instance = None

    def __init__(self):
        self.hostname = ‘1.1.1.1‘
        self.port = 3306
        self.password = ‘pwd‘
        self.username = ‘root‘

    @staticmethod
    def singleton():
        if DbHelper.__instance:
            return DbHelper.__instance
        else:
            DbHelper.__instance = DbHelper()
            return DbHelper.__instance

    def fetch(self):
        # 连接数据库
        # 拼接sql语句
        # 操作
        pass

    def create(self):
        # 连接数据库
        # 拼接sql语句
        # 操作
        pass

    def remove(self):
        # 连接数据库
        # 拼接sql语句
        # 操作
        pass

    def modify(self):
        # 连接数据库
        # 拼接sql语句
        # 操作
        pass


class Handler(object):

    def index(self):
        obj =  DbHelper.singleton()
        print id(single)
        obj.create()
        return ‘index‘

    def news(self):
        return ‘news‘


def RunServer(environ, start_response):
    start_response(‘200 OK‘, [(‘Content-Type‘, ‘text/html‘)])
    url = environ[‘PATH_INFO‘]
    temp = url.split(‘/‘)[1]
    obj = Handler()
    is_exist = hasattr(obj, temp)
    if is_exist:
        func = getattr(obj, temp)
        ret = func()
        return ret
    else:
        return ‘404 not found‘

if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    httpd = make_server(‘‘, 8001, RunServer)
    print "Serving HTTP on port 8001..."
    httpd.serve_forever()