标签：现在 url put 共享 注册 Map集合 inf 数据类型 组件
创建WEB工程，引入开发的jar包。Maven坐标如下
<!-- 版本锁定 -->
<properties>
<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>配置核心控制器（配置DispatcherServlet）
在web.xml配置文件中核心控制器DispatcherServlet
<!-- SpringMVC的核心控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servletclass>
<!-- 配置Servlet的初始化参数，读取springmvc的配置文件，创建spring容器 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 配置servlet启动时加载对象 -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>编写springmvc.xml的配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置spring创建容器时要扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置spring开启注解mvc的支持
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>-->
</beans>编写index.jsp和HelloController控制器类
index.jsp
<body>
<h3>入门案例</h3>
<a href="${ pageContext.request.contextPath }/hello">入门案例</a>
</body>HelloController
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping(path="/hello")
public String sayHello() {
System.out.println("Hello SpringMVC!!");
return "success";
}
}启动Tomcat服务器，进行测试
在web.xml中配置Spring提供的过滤器类
<!-- 配置过滤器，解决中文乱码的问题 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filterclass>
<!-- 指定字符集 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>自定义类型转换器
/**
* 把字符串转换成日期的转换器
*/
public class StringToDateConverter implements Converter<String, Date>{
/**
* 进行类型转换的方法
*/
public Date convert(String source) {
// 判断
if(source == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("参数不能为空");
}
try {
DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
// 解析字符串
Date date = df.parse(source);
return date;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException("类型转换错误");
}
}
}注册自定义类型转换器，在springmvc.xml配置文件中编写配置
<!-- 注册自定义类型转换器 -->
<bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean">
<property name="converters">
<set>
<bean class="cn.itcast.utils.StringToDateConverter"/>
</set>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 开启Spring对MVC注解的支持 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService"/>代码如下
@RequestMapping(path="/hello")
public String sayHello(@RequestParam(value="username",required=false)String name) {
System.out.println("aaaa");
System.out.println(name);
return "success";
}代码如下
@RequestMapping(path="/hello")
public String sayHello(@RequestBody String body) {
System.out.println("aaaa");
System.out.println(body);
return "success";
}代码如下
@RequestMapping(path="/hello/{id}")
public String sayHello(@PathVariable(value="id") String id) {
System.out.println(id);
return "success";
}代码如下
@RequestMapping(path="/hello")
public String sayHello(@RequestHeader(value="Accept") String header) {
System.out.println(header);
return "success";
}代码
@RequestMapping(path="/hello")
public String sayHello(@CookieValue(value="JSESSIONID") String cookieValue) {
System.out.println(cookieValue);
return "success";
}修饰的方法有返回值
/**
* 作用在方法，先执行
* @param name
* @return
*/
@ModelAttribute
public User showUser(String name) {
System.out.println("showUser执行了...");
// 模拟从数据库中查询对象
User user = new User();
user.setName("哈哈");
user.setPassword("123");
user.setMoney(100d);
return user;
}
/**
* 修改用户的方法
* @param cookieValue
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(path="/updateUser")
public String updateUser(User user) {
System.out.println(user);
return "success";
}修饰的方法没有返回值
/**
* 作用在方法，先执行
* @param name
* @return
*/
@ModelAttribute
public void showUser(String name,Map<String, User> map) {
System.out.println("showUser执行了...");
// 模拟从数据库中查询对象
User user = new User();
user.setName("哈哈");
user.setPassword("123");
user.setMoney(100d);
map.put("abc", user);
}
/**
* 修改用户的方法
* @param cookieValue
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(path="/updateUser")
public String updateUser(@ModelAttribute(value="abc") User user) {
System.out.println(user);
return "success";
}代码如下
@Controller
@RequestMapping(path="/user")
@SessionAttributes(value= {"username","password","age"},types= {String.class,Integer.class}) // 把数据存入到session域对象中
public class HelloController {
/**
* 向session中存入值
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(path="/save")
public String save(Model model) {
System.out.println("向session域中保存数据");
model.addAttribute("username", "root");
model.addAttribute("password", "123");
model.addAttribute("age", 20);
return "success";
}
/**
* 从session中获取值
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(path="/find")
public String find(ModelMap modelMap) {
String username = (String) modelMap.get("username");
String password = (String) modelMap.get("password");
Integer age = (Integer) modelMap.get("age");
System.out.println(username + " : "+password +" : "+age);
return "success";
}
/**
* 清除值
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(path="/delete")
public String delete(SessionStatus status) {
status.setComplete();
return "success";
}
}返回字符串
Controller方法返回字符串可以指定逻辑视图的名称，根据视图解析器为物理视图的地址。
@RequestMapping(value="/hello")
public String sayHello() {
System.out.println("Hello SpringMVC!!");
// 跳转到XX页面
return "success";
}可以使用请求转发或者重定向跳转到指定的页面
@RequestMapping(value="/initAdd")
public void initAdd(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
System.out.println("请求转发或者重定向");
// 请求转发
// request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/add.jsp").forward(request,
response);
// 重定向
// response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/add2.jsp");
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 直接响应数据
response.getWriter().print("你好");
return;
}具体的代码如下
@RequestMapping(value="/findAll")
public ModelAndView findAll() throws Exception {
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
// 跳转到list.jsp的页面
mv.setViewName("list");
// 模拟从数据库中查询所有的用户信息
List<User> users = new ArrayList<>();
User user1 = new User();
user1.setUsername("张三");
user1.setPassword("123");
User user2 = new User();
user2.setUsername("赵四");
user2.setPassword("456");
users.add(user1);
users.add(user2);
// 添加对象
mv.addObject("users", users);
return mv;
}controller方法返回String类型，想进行请求转发也可以编写成
@RequestMapping("/delete")
public String delete() throws Exception {
System.out.println("delete方法执行了...");
// return "forward:/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp";
return "forward:/user/findAll";
}controller方法返回String类型，想进行重定向也可以编写成
@RequestMapping("/count")
public String count() throws Exception {
System.out.println("count方法执行了...");
return "redirect:/add.jsp";
// return "redirect:/user/findAll";
}mapping元素表示以/static开头的所有请求路径，如/static/a 或者/static/a/b
<!-- 设置静态资源不过滤 -->
<mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**"/> <!-- 样式 -->
<mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**"/> <!-- 图片 -->
<mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/> <!-- javascript -->使用@RequestBody获取请求体数据
$(function(){
// 绑定点击事件
$("#btn").click(function(){
$.ajax({
url:"user/testJson",
contentType:"application/json;charset=UTF-8",
data:'{"addressName":"aa","addressNum":100}',
dataType:"json",
type:"post",
success:function(data){
alert(data);
alert(data.addressName);
}
});
});
});
@RequestMapping("/testJson")
public void testJson(@RequestBody String body) {
System.out.println(body);
}使用@RequestBody注解把json的字符串转换成JavaBean的对象
@RequestMapping("/testJson")
public void testJson(@RequestBody Address address){}要求方法需要返回JavaBean的对象
@RequestMapping("/testJson")
public @ResponseBody Address testJson(@RequestBody Address address) {
System.out.println(address);
address.setAddressName("上海");
return address;
}json字符串和JavaBean对象互相转换的过程中，需要使用jackson的jar包。Maven依赖坐标如下：
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>导入文件上传的jar包
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>编写文件上传的JSP页面
<form action="user/fileupload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
选择文件：<input type="file" name="upload"/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="上传文件"/>
</form>编写文件上传的Controller控制器
@RequestMapping(value="/fileupload")
public String fileupload(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
// 先获取到要上传的文件目录
String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/uploads");
// 创建File对象，一会向该路径下上传文件
File file = new File(path);
// 判断路径是否存在，如果不存在，创建该路径
if(!file.exists()) {
file.mkdirs();
}
// 创建磁盘文件项工厂
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
ServletFileUpload fileUpload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
// 解析request对象
List<FileItem> list = fileUpload.parseRequest(request);
// 遍历
for (FileItem fileItem : list) {
// 判断文件项是普通字段，还是上传的文件
if(fileItem.isFormField()) {
}else {
// 上传文件项
// 获取到上传文件的名称
String filename = fileItem.getName();
// 上传文件
fileItem.write(new File(file, filename));
// 删除临时文件
fileItem.delete();
}
}
return "success";
}代码如下
@RequestMapping(value="/fileupload2")
public String fileupload2(HttpServletRequest request,MultipartFile upload) throws Exception {
System.out.println("SpringMVC方式的文件上传...");
// 先获取到要上传的文件目录
String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/uploads");
// 创建File对象，一会向该路径下上传文件
File file = new File(path);
// 判断路径是否存在，如果不存在，创建该路径
if(!file.exists()) {
file.mkdirs();
}
// 获取到上传文件的名称
String filename = upload.getOriginalFilename();
String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "").toUpperCase();
// 把文件的名称唯一化
filename = uuid+"_"+filename;
// 上传文件
upload.transferTo(new File(file,filename));
return "success";
}配置文件解析器对象
<!-- 配置文件解析器对象，要求id名称必须是multipartResolver -->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
</bean>导入开发需要的jar包
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-core</artifactId>
<version>1.18.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-client</artifactId>
<version>1.18.1</version>
</dependency>编写控制器
@RequestMapping(value="/fileupload3")
public String fileupload3(MultipartFile upload) throws Exception {
System.out.println("SpringMVC跨服务器方式的文件上传...");
// 定义图片服务器的请求路径
String path = "http://localhost:9090/day02_springmvc5_02image/uploads/";
// 获取到上传文件的名称
String filename = upload.getOriginalFilename();
String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "").toUpperCase();
// 把文件的名称唯一化
filename = uuid+"_"+filename;
// 向图片服务器上传文件
// 创建客户端对象
Client client = Client.create();
// 连接图片服务器
WebResource webResource = client.resource(path+filename);
// 上传文件
webResource.put(upload.getBytes());
return "success";
}Controller调用service，service调用dao，异常都是向上抛出的，最终有DispatcherServlet找异常处理器进行异常的处理
自定义异常类
public class SysException extends Exception{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 4055945147128016300L;
// 异常提示信息
private String message;
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
public SysException(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
}自定义异常处理器
public class SysExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver{
/**
* 跳转到具体的错误页面的方法
*/
public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
SysException e = null;
// 获取到异常对象
if(ex instanceof SysException) {
e = (SysException) ex;
}else {
e = new SysException("请联系管理员");
}
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
// 存入错误的提示信息
mv.addObject("message", e.getMessage());
// 跳转的Jsp页面
mv.setViewName("error");
return mv;
}
}配置异常处理器
<!-- 配置异常处理器 -->
<bean id="sysExceptionResolver" class="cn.itcast.exception.SysExceptionResolver"/>创建类，实现HandlerInterceptor接口，重写需要的方法
public class MyInterceptor1 implements HandlerInterceptor{
/**
* controller方法执行前，进行拦截的方法
* return true放行
* return false拦截
* 可以使用转发或者重定向直接跳转到指定的页面。
*/
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
System.out.println("拦截器执行了...");
return true;
}
}在springmvc.xml中配置拦截器类
<!-- 配置拦截器 -->
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<!-- 哪些方法进行拦截 -->
<mvc:mapping path="/user/*"/>
<!-- 哪些方法不进行拦截
<mvc:exclude-mapping path=""/>
-->
<!-- 注册拦截器对象 -->
<bean class="cn.itcast.demo1.MyInterceptor1"/>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>配置2个拦截器
<!-- 配置拦截器 -->
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<!-- 哪些方法进行拦截 -->
<mvc:mapping path="/user/*"/>
<!-- 哪些方法不进行拦截
<mvc:exclude-mapping path=""/>
-->
<!-- 注册拦截器对象 -->
<bean class="cn.itcast.demo1.MyInterceptor1"/>
</mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:interceptor>
<!-- 哪些方法进行拦截 -->
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<!-- 注册拦截器对象 -->
<bean class="cn.itcast.demo1.MyInterceptor2"/>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>标签：现在 url put 共享 注册 Map集合 inf 数据类型 组件
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/yxmhl/p/10743390.html
