Web框架理解

import socket
server = socket.socket()
server.bind((‘127.0.0.1‘,8000))
server.listen()
while True:
       conn, addr = sk.accept()  
      data = conn.recv(8096)  
      conn.send(b"OK")  
      conn.close()  

import socket
server = socket.socket()
server.bind((‘127.0.0.1‘,8000))
server.listen()
while True:
    conn,addr = server.accept()
    data = conn.recv(1024)
    data = data.decode(‘utf-8‘)
    print(data)

    url = data.split()[1]
    if url == ‘/home/‘:
        conn.send(b‘HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n<h1>home<h1>‘)
    elif url == ‘/index/‘:
        conn.send(b‘HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n<h1>index<h1>‘)
    else:
        conn.send(b‘HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n<h1>404 not found<h1>‘)
    conn.close()

import socket
server = socket.socket()
server.bind((‘127.0.0.1‘,8000))
server.listen()

def func(url):
    s = f"this is {url} page"
    return bytes(s,encoding="utf-8")

while True:
    conn,addr = server.accept()
    data = conn.recv(8096)
    data = str(data,encoding="utf-8")
    print(data)
    data1= data.split("\r\n")[0]
    url = data1.split()[1]

    conn.send(b‘HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n<h1>ok<h1>‘)   这个地方需要注意的一个点 闭合标签不能写/ 否则就当成普通字符串进行处理
    if url == "/index/":
        response = func(url)
    elif url == "/home/":
        response = func(url)
    else:
        response = b"404 not found"

    conn.send(response)
    conn.close()

import socket
server =socket.socket()
server.bind((‘127.0.0.1‘,8000))
server.listen()

def index(url):
    s = f"This is {url} page"
    return bytes(s,encoding="utf-8")

def home(url):
    s = f"This is {url} page"
    return bytes(s,encoding="utf-8")

list1 = [("/index/",index),
         ("/index/",home)]

while True:
    conn,addr = server.accept()
    data = conn.recv(8096)
    data = str(data,encoding="utf-8")
    print(data)
    data1= data.split("\r\n")[0]
    url = data1.split()[1]
    conn.send(b‘HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n<h1>ok<h1>‘)
    func = None
    for item in list1:
        if item[0] == url:
            func = item[1]
            break
    if func:
        response = func(url)
    else:
        response = b"404 not found"
    conn.send(response)
    conn.close()

import socket
server =socket.socket()
server.bind((‘127.0.0.1‘,8000))
server.listen()

def index(url):
    with open("template/index.html","r",encoding="utf-8") as f:
        s = f.read()
    return bytes(s,encoding="utf-8")

def home(url):
    with open("template/home.html", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        s = f.read()
    return bytes(s,encoding="utf-8")

list1 = [("/index/",index),
         ("/home/",home)]

while True:
    conn,addr = server.accept()
    data = conn.recv(8096)
    data = str(data,encoding="utf-8")
    print(data)
    data1= data.split("\r\n")[0]
    url = data1.split()[1]
    conn.send(b‘HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n<h1>ok<h1>‘)
    func = None
    for item in list1:
        if item[0] == url:
            func = item[1]
            break
    if func:
        response = func(url)
    else:
        response = b"404 not found"
    conn.send(response)
    conn.close()

安装
pip3 install django==1.11.22

创建一个Django项目

django-admin startproject mysite02

目录简介

mysite/
├── manage.py  # 管理文件
└── mysite  # 项目目录
    ├── __init__.py
    ├── settings.py  # 配置
    ├── urls.py  # 路由 --> URL和函数的对应关系
    └── wsgi.py  # runserver命令就使用wsgiref模块做简单的web server

运行django项目

python manage.py runserver 127.0.0.1:8000

模板文件配置

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        ‘BACKEND‘: ‘django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates‘,
        ‘DIRS‘: [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "template")],  # template文件夹位置
        ‘APP_DIRS‘: True,
        ‘OPTIONS‘: {
            ‘context_processors‘: [
                ‘django.template.context_processors.debug‘,
                ‘django.template.context_processors.request‘,
                ‘django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth‘,
                ‘django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages‘,
            ],
        },
    },
]

静态文件配置

STATIC_URL = ‘/static/‘  # HTML中使用的静态文件夹前缀
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"),  # 静态文件存放位置
]

方便提交表单暂时禁用csrf中间件

MIDDLEWARE = [
‘django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware‘,
‘django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware‘,
‘django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware‘,
# ‘django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware‘,
‘django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware‘,
‘django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware‘,
‘django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware‘,
]

from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse, render, redirect

HttpResponse 内部传入一个字符串参数，返回给浏览器

def index(request):
    # 业务逻辑代码
    return HttpResponse("OK")

render
除request参数外还接受一个待渲染的模板和一个保存具体数据的字典参数
将数据填充进模板文件，最后把结果返回给浏览器（类似上面的jinja2）

def index(request):
    # 业务逻辑代码
    return render(request, "index.html", {"name": "xxx", "hobby": ["烫头", "泡吧"]})

redirect
接收一个URL参数，表示跳转到指定的URL

def index(request):
    # 业务逻辑代码
    return redirect("/home/")