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本文介绍使用Grafana和Telegraf监视VMware ESXi的方法，设置非常简单，使用Telegraf的官方vSphere插件从vCenter中提取指标，这包括在vSphere虚拟机管理程序上运行的vSphere主机计算（RAM和CPU），网络，数据存储和虚拟机的度量标准。
一、安装InfluxDB和Grafana参考文章 所有收集的指标都存储在InfluxDB数据库中，Grafana将连接到InfluxDB，以在其仪表板上查询和显示指标。参考以下文章： 在Ubuntu 18.04/Debian 9系统上安装InfluxDB的方法。 在RHEL 8/CentOS 8上安装InfluxDB的方法。 在Ubuntu 18.04系统中安装Grafana 6的方法。 一旦安装了InfluxDB和Grafana，继续安装和配置Telegraf。
二、安装和配置Telegraf 如果你使用步骤一中的链接来安装InfluxDB，则会添加Telegraf安装所需的存储库，只需使用以下命令安装Telegraf即可。 CentOS系统运行： sudo yum -y install telegraf Ubuntu系统运行： sudo apt-get -y install telegraf 安装后，我们需要配置Telegraf以从vCenter中提取监控指标，编辑Telegraf主配置文件： sudo vim /etc/telegraf/telegraf.conf 1、添加InfluxDB输出存储后端，以存储指标： # Configuration for sending metrics to InfluxDB [[outputs.influxdb]] urls = ["http://10.10.1.20:8086"] database = "vmware" timeout = "0s" username = "monitoring" password = "DBPassword" 将10.10.1.20替换为InfluxDB服务器IP地址，如果你没有在InfluxDB上启用身份验证，则可以安全地删除配置中的用户名和密码行。 2、为Telegraf配置vsphere输入插件，完整配置应该类似以下内容： # Read metrics from VMware vCenter [[inputs.vsphere]] ## List of vCenter URLs to be monitored. These three lines must be uncommented ## and edited for the plugin to work. vcenters = [ "https://10.10.1.2/sdk" ] username = "administrator@vsphere.local" password = "AdminPassword" # ## VMs ## Typical VM metrics (if omitted or empty, all metrics are collected) vm_metric_include = [ "cpu.demand.average", "cpu.idle.summation", "cpu.latency.average", "cpu.readiness.average", "cpu.ready.summation", "cpu.run.summation", "cpu.usagemhz.average", "cpu.used.summation", "cpu.wait.summation", "mem.active.average", "mem.granted.average", "mem.latency.average", "mem.swapin.average", "mem.swapinRate.average", "mem.swapout.average", "mem.swapoutRate.average", "mem.usage.average", "mem.vmmemctl.average", "net.bytesRx.average", "net.bytesTx.average", "net.droppedRx.summation", "net.droppedTx.summation", "net.usage.average", "power.power.average", "virtualDisk.numberReadAveraged.average", "virtualDisk.numberWriteAveraged.average", "virtualDisk.read.average", "virtualDisk.readOIO.latest", "virtualDisk.throughput.usage.average", "virtualDisk.totalReadLatency.average", "virtualDisk.totalWriteLatency.average", "virtualDisk.write.average", "virtualDisk.writeOIO.latest", "sys.uptime.latest", ] # vm_metric_exclude = [] ## Nothing is excluded by default # vm_instances = true ## true by default # ## Hosts ## Typical host metrics (if omitted or empty, all metrics are collected) host_metric_include = [ "cpu.coreUtilization.average", "cpu.costop.summation", "cpu.demand.average", "cpu.idle.summation", "cpu.latency.average", "cpu.readiness.average", "cpu.ready.summation", "cpu.swapwait.summation", "cpu.usage.average", "cpu.usagemhz.average", "cpu.used.summation", "cpu.utilization.average", "cpu.wait.summation", "disk.deviceReadLatency.average", "disk.deviceWriteLatency.average", "disk.kernelReadLatency.average", "disk.kernelWriteLatency.average", "disk.numberReadAveraged.average", "disk.numberWriteAveraged.average", "disk.read.average", "disk.totalReadLatency.average", "disk.totalWriteLatency.average", "disk.write.average", "mem.active.average", "mem.latency.average", "mem.state.latest", "mem.swapin.average", "mem.swapinRate.average", "mem.swapout.average", "mem.swapoutRate.average", "mem.totalCapacity.average", "mem.usage.average", "mem.vmmemctl.average", "net.bytesRx.average", "net.bytesTx.average", "net.droppedRx.summation", "net.droppedTx.summation", "net.errorsRx.summation", "net.errorsTx.summation", "net.usage.average", "power.power.average", "storageAdapter.numberReadAveraged.average", "storageAdapter.numberWriteAveraged.average", "storageAdapter.read.average", "storageAdapter.write.average", "sys.uptime.latest", ] # host_metric_exclude = [] ## Nothing excluded by default # host_instances = true ## true by default # ## Clusters cluster_metric_include = [] ## if omitted or empty, all metrics are collected # cluster_metric_exclude = [] ## Nothing excluded by default # cluster_instances = false ## false by default # ## Datastores datastore_metric_include = [] ## if omitted or empty, all metrics are collected # datastore_metric_exclude = [] ## Nothing excluded by default # datastore_instances = false ## false by default for Datastores only # ## Datacenters datacenter_metric_include = [] ## if omitted or empty, all metrics are collected datacenter_metric_exclude = [ "*" ] ## Datacenters are not collected by default. # datacenter_instances = false ## false by default for Datastores only # ## Plugin Settings ## separator character to use for measurement and field names (default: "_") # separator = "_" # ## number of objects to retreive per query for realtime resources (vms and hosts) ## set to 64 for vCenter 5.5 and 6.0 (default: 256) # max_query_objects = 256 # ## number of metrics to retreive per query for non-realtime resources (clusters and datastores) ## set to 64 for vCenter 5.5 and 6.0 (default: 256) # max_query_metrics = 256 # ## number of go routines to use for collection and discovery of objects and metrics # collect_concurrency = 1 # discover_concurrency = 1 # ## whether or not to force discovery of new objects on initial gather call before collecting metrics ## when true for large environments this may cause errors for time elapsed while collecting metrics ## when false (default) the first collection cycle may result in no or limited metrics while objects are discovered # force_discover_on_init = false # ## the interval before (re)discovering objects subject to metrics collection (default: 300s) # object_discovery_interval = "300s" # ## timeout applies to any of the api request made to vcenter # timeout = "60s" # ## Optional SSL Config # ssl_ca = "/path/to/cafile" # ssl_cert = "/path/to/certfile" # ssl_key = "/path/to/keyfile" ## Use SSL but skip chain & host verification insecure_skip_verify = true 要改变的变量是： 1]、10.10.1.2应替换为vCenter IP地址。 2]、administrator@vsphere.local应与你的vCenter用户帐户匹配。 3]、带有密码的AdminPassword用于进行身份验证。 如果vCenter Server具有自签名证书，请确保将insecure_skip_verify标志设置为true： insecure_skip_verify = true 进行更改后启动并启用Telegraf服务： sudo systemctl restart telegraf sudo systemctl enable telegraf
三、检查InfluxDB指标 我们需要确认我们的指标被推送到InfluxDB并且可以看到它们。 1、打开InfluxDB shell 使用身份验证： $ influx -username ‘username‘ -password ‘StrongPassword‘ Connected to http://localhost:8086 version 1.6.4 InfluxDB shell version: 1.6.4 1]、 ‘username‘ - InfluxDB身份验证用户名。 2]、‘StrongPassword‘ - InfluxDB密码。 没有认证： $ influx Connected to http://localhost:8086 version 1.6.4 InfluxDB shell version: 1.6.4 切换到我们在telegraf上配置的vmware数据库： > USE vmware Using database vmware 检查时间序列指标是否inflow： > SHOW MEASUREMENTS name: measurements name ---- cpu disk diskio kernel mem processes swap system vsphere_cluster_clusterServices vsphere_cluster_mem vsphere_cluster_vmop vsphere_datacenter_vmop vsphere_datastore_datastore vsphere_datastore_disk vsphere_host_cpu vsphere_host_disk vsphere_host_mem vsphere_host_net vsphere_host_power vsphere_host_storageAdapter vsphere_host_sys vsphere_vm_cpu vsphere_vm_mem vsphere_vm_net vsphere_vm_power vsphere_vm_sys vsphere_vm_virtualDisk >
四、将InfluxDB数据源添加到Grafana 登录Grafana并添加InfluxDB数据源，指定服务器IP、数据库名称和身份验证帐户：
给它命名，选择类型，指定服务器IP：
提供数据库名称和身份验证帐户：
保存并测试设置：
五、导入Grafana仪表板 我们已将所有依赖项和测试配置好，最后一项操作是创建或导入将显示vSphere指标的Grafana仪表板。 登录你的Grafana并导航到Dashboard导入部分，使用仪表板ID导入，链接如下： https://grafana.com/dashboards/8159 https://grafana.com/dashboards/8162 https://grafana.com/dashboards/8165 https://grafana.com/dashboards/8168 操作截图如下：
成功导入后，应该能看到仪表板上显示的数据了，如下图所示：
看到如上图，表明导入Grafana全部成功了。
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