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MySQL用户管理

时间:2019-10-02 22:58:59      阅读:147      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

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用户管理

1、新建普通用户

(1)使用CREATE USER语句创建新用户

使用格式:

CREATE USER  'user'@'host' [IDENTIFIED BY [PASSWORD] 'password'] [,'user'@'host' [IDENTIFIED BY [PASSWORD] 'password']...]

    user:新建用户
    host:主机名
    IDENTIFIED BY 设置用户密码

示例:

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER test@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

在mysql.user表中会插入一行记录

MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT user,host,password FROM mysql.user;
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host                  | password                                  |
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost             |                                           |
| root | localhost.localdomain |                                           |
| root | 127.0.0.1             |                                           |
| root | ::1                   |                                           |
|      | localhost             |                                           |
|      | localhost.localdomain |                                           |
| test | localhost             | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+

(2)在musql.user表中INSERT用户

MariaDB [(none)]> INSERT INTO mysql.user (user,host,password) VALUES ("testA","192.168.4.60",PASSWORD('123456'));

执行完INSERT之后,要使用如下命令生效。
MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

(3)使用GRANT创建用户

使用格式:

GRANT priv_type ON database.table TO user[IDENTIFIED BY [PASSWORD] 'password'] [,user [IDENTIFIED BY [PASSWORD] 'password']...]

    priv_type:授予的权限
    database.table:权限的范围
    user:新建用户
    IDENTIFIED BY 设置密码

示例:

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO testB@'192.168.4.60' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

2、重命名

使用格式:

RENAME USER old_user TO new_user[, old_user TO new_user] ...

示例:

MariaDB [(none)]> RENAME USER testA@'192.168.4.60' TO testC@'192.168.4.60';

3、删除用户

使用格式:

DROP USER 'user'@'host' [, 'user'@'host'] ...

示例:

MariaDB [class]> DROP USER testC@'192.168.4.60';

4、修改用户密码

(1)使用mysqladmin命令修改密码

使用格式:

mysqladmin -uUSERNAME -hHOST -p  password 'NEW_PASS'

示例:

[root@localhost~]#mysqladmin -uroot -p password

Enter password: 
New password: 
Confirm new password: 

[root@localhost~]#mysqladmin -utest -p password 'testabd'

Enter password: 
mysqladmin: Can't turn off logging; error: 'Access denied; you need (at least one of) the SUPER privilege(s) for this operation'

修改普通用户需要超级管理权限

(2)修改mysql.user表

使用格式:

UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD('cleartext password')  WHERE User='USERNAME' AND Host='HOST';

示例:

MariaDB [(none)]> UPDATE mysql.user SET PASSWORD=PASSWORD('testabcd') WHERE User='test';

(3)使用SET语句修改密码

使用格式:

SET PASSWORD [FOR 'user'@'host'] = PASSWORD('cleartext password');

示例:

MariaDB [(none)]> SET PASSWORD FOR test@'localhost'=PASSWORD('testabcd');

(4)GRANT语句修改普通用户密码

示例:

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO 'test'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

5、忘记管理员密码如何解决?

(1)先确保mysql服务停止

[root@localhost~]#systemctl stop mariadb.service

(2)确保其他用户连接不到mysql服务

(3)修改启动配置文件

[root@localhost~]#vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service

技术图片

(4)启动服务并修改密码

[root@localhost~]#systemctl restart mariadb.service

MariaDB [(none)]> UPDATE mysql.user SET PASSWORD=PASSWORD('123456') WHERE user='root';

(5)修改更改文件

[root@localhost~]#systemctl stop mariadb.service

[root@localhost~]#vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service 删除刚添加的参数

技术图片

(6)重启服务测试

[root@localhost~]#systemctl restart mariadb.service

[root@localhost~]#mysql -uroot -p

Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.56-MariaDB MariaDB Server

授权

使用格式:

GRANT  priv_type [(column_list)] [, priv_type [(column_list)]] ...
            ON [object_type] priv_level
            TO user_specification [, user_specification] ...
            [REQUIRE {NONE | ssl_option [[AND] ssl_option] ...}]
            [WITH with_option ...]

    priv_type:表示权限类型
    column_list:设置列
    user:设置用户
    password:用户密码

    WITH关键字后面带有一个或多个with_option参数

        GRANT OPTION:被授权用户可以使用的参数

            MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR count:设置每小时允许执行的count查询
            MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR count:设置每小时count更新
            MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR count:设置每小时可以建立count连接
            MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS count:设置单个用户可以同时具有count连接数

示例:

MariaDB [class]> GRANT SELECT(number) ON class.class TO 'test'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

查看授权

使用格式:

SHOW GRANTS [FOR 'user'@'host']

示例:

MariaDB [class]> SHOW GRANTS FOR test@'localhost'G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************
Grants for test@localhost: GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO 'test'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9'
*************************** 2. row ***************************
Grants for test@localhost: GRANT SELECT (number) ON `class`.`class` TO 'test'@'localhost'


MariaDB [class]> SHOW GRANTS ;  #默认查询root的权限

取消授权

使用格式

REVOKE  priv_type [(column_list)][, priv_type [(column_list)]] ...
            ON [object_type] priv_level
            FROM  'user'@'host' [,  'user'@'host'] ...

示例:

MariaDB [class]> REVOKE SELECT(number) ON class.class FROM test@'localhost';

原文:大专栏  MySQL用户管理


MySQL用户管理

标签:示例   show   evo   moni   有一个   object   systemd   lis   for   

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wangziqiang123/p/11618431.html

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