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Spring Data JPA 整合Spring

时间:2019-12-02 19:09:46      阅读:69      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

标签:bsp   not   需要   实现类   pass   root   run   nal   ida   

1.1   Spring Data JPA 与 JPA和hibernate之间的关系

JPA是一套规范,内部是有接口和抽象类组成的。hibernate是一套成熟的ORM框架,而且Hibernate实现了JPA规范,所以也可以称hibernate为JPA的一种实现方式,我们使用JPA的API编程,意味着站在更高的角度上看待问题(面向接口编程)

 

Spring Data JPA是Spring提供的一套对JPA操作更加高级的封装,是在JPA规范下的专门用来进行数据持久化的解决方案。

(1)主要说的是CustomerDao接口继承的两个JpaRepository<操作的实体类类型,实体类中主键属性的类型>和JpaSpecificationExecutor<操作的实体类类型>

(2)、主要的方法:

1、findOne() 查询id

2、save() 根据传递的对象是否存在主键id  如果没有主键id属性,保存   存在id主键属性,就根据id查询数据,更新数据

3、delect() 删除数据

4、findAll() 查询所有

 

主要的架构

技术图片

 

 

 

1.2   需求说明

Spring Data JPA完成客户的基本CRUD操作

1.3   搭建Spring Data JPA的开发环境

1.3.1    引入Spring Data JPA的坐标

使用Spring Data JPA,需要整合Spring与Spring Data JPA,并且需要提供JPA的服务提供者hibernate,所以需要导入spring相关坐标,hibernate坐标,数据库驱动坐标等

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>jpa_day2</groupId>
    <artifactId>jpa_day2</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <properties>
        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <hibernate.version>5.0.7.Final</hibernate.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
        <c3p0.version>0.9.1.2</c3p0.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- junit单元测试 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.9</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.8</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring end -->

        <!-- hibernate beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- hibernate end -->

        <!-- c3p0 beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>${c3p0.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- c3p0 end -->

        <!-- log end -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- log end -->


        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- el beg 使用spring data jpa 必须引入 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.el</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.el</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- el end -->
    </dependencies>


</project>

  

2.1    整合Spring Data JPA与Spring

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
       xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">

    <!--spring 和 spring data jpa的配置-->

    <!-- 1.创建entityManagerFactory对象交给spring容器管理-->
    <bean id="entityManagerFactoty" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <!--配置的扫描的包(实体类所在的包) -->
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.itcast.domain" />
        <!-- jpa的实现厂家 -->
        <property name="persistenceProvider">
            <bean class="org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider"/>
        </property>

        <!--jpa的供应商适配器 -->
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
                <!--配置是否自动创建数据库表 -->
                <property name="generateDdl" value="false" />
                <!--指定数据库类型 -->
                <property name="database" value="MYSQL" />
                <!--数据库方言:支持的特有语法 -->
                <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" />
                <!--是否显示sql -->
                <property name="showSql" value="true" />
            </bean>
        </property>

        <!--jpa的方言 :高级的特性 -->
        <property name="jpaDialect" >
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect" />
        </property>

    </bean>

    <!--2.创建数据库连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="user" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="root"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql:///jpa" ></property>
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--3.整合spring dataJpa-->
    <jpa:repositories base-package="cn.itcast.dao" transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager"
                      entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactoty" ></jpa:repositories>

    <!--4.配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactoty"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 4.txAdvice-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!-- 5.aop-->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* cn.itcast.service.*.*(..))" />
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut" />
    </aop:config>


    <!--5.声明式事务 -->

    <!-- 6. 配置包扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast" ></context:component-scan>
</beans>

  

3.1    使用JPA注解配置映射关系

我们使用昨天案例中的Customer实体类对象,已经配置好了映射关系

package cn.itcast.domain;

import javax.persistence.*;

/**
 * 1.实体类和表的映射关系
 *      @Eitity
 *      @Table
 * 2.类中属性和表的映射关系
 *       @Id
 *       @GeneratedValue
 *       @Column
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "cst_customer")
public class Customer {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "cust_id")
    private  Long custId;//客户主键
    @Column(name = "cust_name")
    private  String custName;//客户名称
    @Column(name = "cust_source")
    private  String custSource;//客户来源
    @Column(name = "cust_industry")
    private  String custIndustry;//客户级别
    @Column(name = "cust_level")
    private  String custLevel;//客户所属行业
    @Column(name = "cust_address")
    private  String custAddress;//客户地址
    @Column(name = "cust_phone")
    private  String custPhone;//客户联系方式

    public Long getCustId() {
        return custId;
    }

    public void setCustId(Long custId) {
        this.custId = custId;
    }

    public String getCustName() {
        return custName;
    }

    public void setCustName(String custName) {
        this.custName = custName;
    }

    public String getCustSource() {
        return custSource;
    }

    public void setCustSource(String custSource) {
        this.custSource = custSource;
    }

    public String getCustIndustry() {
        return custIndustry;
    }

    public void setCustIndustry(String custIndustry) {
        this.custIndustry = custIndustry;
    }

    public String getCustLevel() {
        return custLevel;
    }

    public void setCustLevel(String custLevel) {
        this.custLevel = custLevel;
    }

    public String getCustAddress() {
        return custAddress;
    }

    public void setCustAddress(String custAddress) {
        this.custAddress = custAddress;
    }

    public String getCustPhone() {
        return custPhone;
    }

    public void setCustPhone(String custPhone) {
        this.custPhone = custPhone;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Customer{" +
                "custId=" + custId +
                ", custName=‘" + custName + ‘\‘‘ +
                ", custSource=‘" + custSource + ‘\‘‘ +
                ", custIndustry=‘" + custIndustry + ‘\‘‘ +
                ", custLevel=‘" + custLevel + ‘\‘‘ +
                ", custAddress=‘" + custAddress + ‘\‘‘ +
                ", custPhone=‘" + custPhone + ‘\‘‘ +
                ‘}‘;
    }
}

  

4.1    编写符合Spring Data JPA规范的Dao层接口

Spring Data JPA是spring提供的一款对于数据访问层(Dao层)的框架,使用Spring Data JPA,只需要按照框架的规范提供dao接口,不需要实现类就可以完成数据库的增删改查、分页查询等方法的定义,极大的简化了我们的开发过程。

 

在Spring Data JPA中,对于定义符合规范的Dao层接口,我们只需要遵循以下几点就可以了:

 

1.创建一个Dao层接口,并实现JpaRepositoryJpaSpecificationExecutor

 2.提供相应的泛型

package cn.itcast.dao;

import cn.itcast.domain.Customer;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;

/**
 * 符合SpringDataJPA的dao层接口规范
 *     JpaRepository<操作的实体类类型,实体类中主键属性的类型>
 *              * 封装了基本CRUD操作
 *     JpaSpecificationExecutor<操作的实体类类型>
 *              *封装了复杂查询(分页)
 */
public interface CustomerDao extends JpaRepository<Customer, Long>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<Customer> {

}

  

5.1    完成基本CRUD操作

完成了Spring Data JPA的环境搭建,并且编写了符合Spring Data JPA 规范的Dao层接口之后,就可以使用定义好的Dao层接口进行客户的基本CRUD操作

package cn.itcast.domain;

import cn.itcast.dao.CustomerDao;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import java.util.List;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations="classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class CustomerDaoTest {

    @Autowired
    private CustomerDao customerDao;

    /**
     * 根据id查询:调用findOne(id)方法
     */
    @Test
    public void testFindById() {
        Customer customer = customerDao.findOne(2l);
        System.out.println(customer);
    }

    /**
     * save :保存或者更新
     *        根据传递的对象是否存在主键id
     *        如果没有主键id属性,保存
     *        存在id主键属性,就根据id查询数据,更新数据
     */
    @Test
    public  void testSave(){
        Customer customer =new Customer();
        customer.setCustName("杰哥程序员");
        customer.setCustLevel("vip");
        customer.setCustIndustry("it教育");
        customerDao.save(customer);
    }
    @Test
    public  void testUpdate(){
        Customer customer =new Customer();
        customer.setCustId(4l);
        customer.setCustName("Java程序员");
        customerDao.save(customer);
    }
    @Test
    public  void  testDelect(){
        customerDao.delete(4l);
    }
    /**
     * 查询所有
     */
    @Test
    public  void  testFindAll(){
        List<Customer> list = customerDao.findAll();
        for (Customer customer:list) {
            System.out.println(customer);
        }
    }
}

Spring Data JPA 整合Spring

标签:bsp   not   需要   实现类   pass   root   run   nal   ida   

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/easyjie/p/11972079.html

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