使用Docker构建基于centos7镜像的python环境

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# 基于centos7构建python3运行环境
# 构建命令: 在Dockerfile文件目录下执行 docker build -t python-centos:3.5 .
# 容器启动命令: docker run -itd --name python --restart always --privileged=true -v /root/dockers/python:/root/python -v /root/dockers/python/cron:/var/spool/cron python-centos:3.5 /usr/sbin/init
# 进入容器：docker exec -it python /bin/bash
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FROM centos:7.6.1810
MAINTAINER mioshu # 指定作者信息
RUN set -ex     # 预安装所需组件
    && yum install -y wget tar libffi-devel zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make initscripts     && wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.5.0/Python-3.5.0.tgz \
    && tar -zxvf Python-3.5.0.tgz     && cd Python-3.5.0     && ./configure prefix=/usr/local/python3     && make     && make install     && make clean     && rm -rf /Python-3.5.0*     && yum install -y epel-release     && yum install -y python-pip
# 设置默认为python3
RUN set -ex     # 备份旧版本python
    && mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python27     && mv /usr/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip-python2.7     # 配置默认为python3
    && ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.5 /usr/bin/python     && ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip
# 修复因修改python版本导致yum失效问题
RUN set -ex     && sed -i "s#/usr/bin/python#/usr/bin/python2.7#" /usr/bin/yum     && sed -i "s#/usr/bin/python#/usr/bin/python2.7#" /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down     && yum install -y deltarpm
# 基础环境配置
RUN set -ex     # 修改系统时区为东八区
    && rm -rf /etc/localtime     && ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime     && yum install -y vim     # 安装定时任务组件
    && yum -y install cronie
# 支持中文
RUN yum install kde-l10n-Chinese -y
RUN localedef -c -f UTF-8 -i zh_CN zh_CN.utf8
# 更新pip版本
RUN pip install --upgrade pip
ENV LC_ALL zh_CN.UTF-8