标签:简单 disabled requests 状态 html sso turn void 长链接
RFC 6455 即 webSockets 协议提供了一种标准化的方式去建立全双工,双方面交流的通道在客户端和服务端甚至单一的TCP连接中进行通信; webSockets 协议其跟HTTP的tcp协议不同,但是其设计目的是通过HTTP协议进行工作,可以使用40或者443端口和重新使用现有的防火墙规则;
GET /spring-websocket-portfolio/portfolio HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:8080
Upgrade: websocket
Connection: Upgrade
Sec-WebSocket-Key: Uc9l9TMkWGbHFD2qnFHltg==
Sec-WebSocket-Protocol: v10.stomp, v11.stomp
Sec-WebSocket-Version: 13
Origin: http://localhost:8080
webSockets 的交互是以HTTP协议开始的,使用Upgrade
header 转向使用Upgrade连接;如果非200状态成功响应就类似于下面的信息;如果WebSocket server 是运行在nginx是需要配置WebSocket upgrade requests ;如果是运行在云上,需要查阅相关的云是否支持WebSocket ;
HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols
Upgrade: websocket
Connection: Upgrade
Sec-WebSocket-Accept: 1qVdfYHU9hPOl4JYYNXF623Gzn0=
Sec-WebSocket-Protocol: v10.stomp
STOMP
)和基于HTTP握手请求的Sec-WebSocket-Protocol
header ;WebSockets可以使web页面具有动态性和交互性。然而,在许多情况下,Ajax和HTTP流或 long polling(轮询)可以提供一个简单有效的解决方案。HTTP流和polling适用于消息不频繁的交互,WebSockets适用于消息较频繁的交互;在 因特网上由于没有Upgrade header 或者 关闭了空闲的长链接,受限于在你有限的代理可能会将WebSockets的交互排除;
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<!-- websocket依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 模板引擎-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
/**
* @Author lsc
* @Description <p>websocket配置类 </p>
* @Date 2019/11/12 22:27
*/
//使用STOMP协议来传输基于消息代理的消息,控制器支持在@Controller类中使用@MessageMapping
@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker
@Configurable
@EnableWebSocket
@Component
public class WebConfig implements WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {
@Override
public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {
// 注册 Stomp的端点(Endpoint),并且映射指定的url
registry.addEndpoint("/websocket")
.setAllowedOrigins("*") // 添加允许跨域访问
.withSockJS();// 指定SockJS协议
}
@Override
public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry registry) {
// 启动广播模式代理,只有符合的的路径才发送消息
registry.enableSimpleBroker("/topic");
}
}
/**
* @Author lsc
* @Description <p> 接受客户端消息</p>
* @Date 2019/11/12 22:42
*/
public class AcceptMessages {
private String name;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
}
/**
* @Author lsc
* @Description <p>发送消息给客户端 </p>
* @Date 2019/11/12 22:42
*/
public class SendMessages {
private String responseMessage;
public String getResponseMessage() {
return responseMessage;
}
public void setResponseMessage(String responseMessage) {
this.responseMessage = responseMessage;
}
}
/**
* @Author lsc
* @Description <p>websockets 之 广播式</p>
* @Date 2019/11/12 22:49
*/
@Controller
public class WebSocketsController {
@MessageMapping("/welcome")//类似@RequestMapping,进行客户端请求地址映射
@SendTo("/topic/getResponse")//订阅了@SendTo中的路径进行发送消息
public SendMessages broadcast(AcceptMessages acceptMessages){
System.out.println(acceptMessages.getName());
SendMessages sendMessages = new SendMessages();
sendMessages.setResponseMessage("知识追寻者:"+acceptMessages.getName());
return sendMessages;
}
}
在 resource目录下新建templates目录存放WebSockets.html;在resource目录下新建static目录,继续在其子目录下新建js目录存放sockjs.min.js,stomp.min.js,jquery-3.3.1.min.js;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8"/>
<title>springboot广播式WebSocket</title>
</head>
<body onload="disconnect()">
<noscript><h2 style="color: #ffff0000;">Sorry,not support the WebSocket</h2></noscript>
<div>
<div>
<button id="connect" onclick="connect();">连接</button>
<button id="disconnect" disabled="disabled" onclick="disconnect();">断开连接</button>
</div>
<div id="conversationDiv">
<label>输入你的名字</label>
<input type="text" id="name"/>
<button id="sendName" onclick="sendName();">发送</button>
<p id="response"></p>
</div>
</div>
<script th:src="@{js/sockjs.min.js}"></script>
<script th:src="@{js/stomp.min.js}"></script>
<script th:src="@{js/jquery-3.3.1.min.js}"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var stompClient = null;
// 设置连接
function setConnected(connected) {
document.getElementById("connect").disabled = connected;
document.getElementById("disconnect").disabled = !connected;
document.getElementById("conversationDiv").style.visibility = connected ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
$("#response").html();
}
// 连接
function connect() {
// 转向 endpoint 名为websocket
var socket = new SockJS('/websocket');
// 使用ssocket的协议
stompClient = Stomp.over(socket);
// 连接
stompClient.connect({}, function (frame) {
setConnected(true);
console.log('Connected:' + frame);
// @Sendto 中定义路径 向目标订阅消息
stompClient.subscribe('/topic/getResponse', function (response) {
showResponse(JSON.parse(response.body).responseMessage);
})
});
}
function disconnect() {
if (stompClient != null) {
stompClient.disconnect();
}
setConnected(false);
console.log('Disconnected');
}
function sendName() {
var name = $('#name').val();
// 控制器@MessageMapping中定义向目标发送消息
stompClient.send("/welcome", {}, JSON.stringify({'name': name}));
}
function showResponse(message) {
$("#response").html(message);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
当客户端请求地址是localhost:8080/ws,经过springmvc视图转发器至WebSockets.html;
/**
* @Author lsc
* @Description <p> spingmvc视图映射转发</p>
* @Date 2019/11/12 23:35
*/
@Configurable
@Component
public class WebMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
// 配置视图转发
registry.addViewController("/ws").setViewName("/WebSockets");
}
}
即一个浏览器发送消息,其它连接的浏览器也能收到消息,即广播形式;
参考1:《JavaEE开发的颠覆者》
参考2: spring-web
源码: youku1327
标签:简单 disabled requests 状态 html sso turn void 长链接
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zszxz/p/12118619.html