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iOS开发UI篇—多控制器和导航控制器简单介绍
一、多控制器
一个iOS的app很少只由一个控制器组成,除非这个app极其简单。当app中有多个控制器的时候,我们就需要对这些控制器进行管理
有多个view时，可以用一个大的view去管理1个或者多个小view，控制器也是如此，用1个控制器去管理其他多个控制器
比如，用一个控制器A去管理3个控制器B、C、D。控制器A被称为控制器B、C、D的“父控制器”；控制器B、C、D的被称为控制器A的“子控制器”
为了便于管理控制器，iOS提供了2个比较特殊的控制器
UINavigationController
UITabBarController
二、导航控制器
利用UINavigationController，可以轻松地管理多个控制器，轻松完成控制器之间的切换，典型例子就是系统自带的“设置”应用
如图：
三、UINavigationController的使用步骤
（1）初始化UINavigationController
（2）设置UIWindow的rootViewController为UINavigationController
（3）根据具体情况，通过push方法添加对应个数的子控制器
1 #import "TXAppDelegate.h" 2 #import "TXOneViewController.h" 3 4 @implementation TXAppDelegate 5 6 - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions 7 { 8 self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]]; 9 self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor]; 10 11 //1.创建一个导航控制器 12 UINavigationController *nav=[[UINavigationController alloc]init]; 13 //2.设置导航控制器为window的根视图 14 self.window.rootViewController=nav; 15 16 17 //3.添加子控制器到导航控制器中 18 //创建一些控制器 19 UIViewController *c1=[[UIViewController alloc]init]; 20 //设置c1这个控制器的视图颜色 21 c1.view.backgroundColor=[UIColor redColor]; 22 23 UIViewController *c2=[[UIViewController alloc]init]; 24 c2.view.backgroundColor=[UIColor purpleColor]; 25 26 UIViewController *c3=[[UIViewController alloc]init]; 27 c3.view.backgroundColor=[UIColor brownColor]; 28 29 //把这些控制器添加到导航控制器中 30 [nav pushViewController:c1 animated:YES]; 31 [nav pushViewController:c2 animated:YES]; 32 [nav pushViewController:c3 animated:YES]; 33 34 [self.window makeKeyAndVisible]; 35 return YES; 36 }
运行模拟器，可以看到一个简陋的有着三个子控制器管理着页面。
但呈现在我们眼前的只能有一个界面，我们没有必要一次性创建三个控制器在这里等着。
要求：创建三个子控制器，每个子控制器view的界面上放一个按钮，点击可以跳转到下一个界面。
实现(完成三个页面间通过按钮进行简单的跳转)：
说明：这里把第一个子控制器的创建等代码写在了代理方法中。
TXAppDelegate.m文件代码
1 // TXAppDelegate.m 2 // 20-导航控制器(代码) 3 // 4 // Created by 鑫 on 14-10-16. 5 // Copyright (c) 2014年 梁镋鑫. All rights reserved. 6 // 7 8 #import "TXAppDelegate.h" 9 #import "TXOneViewController.h" 10 @implementation TXAppDelegate 11 // UIViewController *vc1 = [[UIViewController alloc] init]; 12 // vc1.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor]; 13 // [nav pushViewController:vc1 animated:YES]; 14 15 // UIViewController *vc2 = [[UIViewController alloc] init]; 16 // vc2.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor]; 17 // [nav pushViewController:vc2 animated:YES]; 18 // 19 // UIViewController *vc3 = [[UIViewController alloc] init]; 20 // vc3.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor]; 21 // [nav pushViewController:vc3 animated:YES]; 22 23 - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions 24 { 25 self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]]; 26 // Override point for customization after application launch. 27 self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor]; 28 29 //1.创建导航条控制器 30 TXOneViewController *one = [[TXOneViewController alloc] init]; 31 UINavigationController *nav = [[UINavigationController alloc]initWithRootViewController:one]; 32 33 // 存放所有子控制器的栈 34 // nav.viewControllers 35 // 这个数组也存放子控制器 36 // nav.childViewControllers 37 // 2.添加子控制器 38 // TXOneViewController *one = [[TXOneViewController alloc] init]; 39 // [nav addChildViewController:one]; 40 // [nav pushViewController:one animated:YES]; 41 // nav.viewControllers = @[one]; 42 43 //3.设置为窗口的跟控制器 44 45 46 self.window.rootViewController = nav; 47 48 49 50 51 [self.window makeKeyAndVisible]; 52 return YES; 53 }
创建三个子控件类及对应的xib文件
TXOneViewController.m文件
1 // 2 // Created by 鑫 on 14-10-16. 3 // Copyright (c) 2014年 梁镋鑫. All rights reserved. 4 // 5 6 #import "TXOneViewController.h" 7 #import "TXTwoViewController.h" 8 @interface TXOneViewController () 9 - (IBAction)jumpTwo; 10 11 @end 12 13 @implementation TXOneViewController 14 15 - (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil 16 { 17 self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil]; 18 if (self) { 19 // Custom initialization 20 } 21 return self; 22 } 23 24 - (void)viewDidLoad 25 { 26 [super viewDidLoad]; 27 // 修改下一个界面返回按钮的文字 28 self.navigationItem.backBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"返回" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleDone target:nil action:nil]; 29 self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemCamera target:nil action:nil]; 30 31 32 33 } 34 35 - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning 36 { 37 [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; 38 // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated. 39 } 40 41 - (IBAction)jumpTwo { 42 TXTwoViewController *two = [[TXTwoViewController alloc]init]; 43 [self.navigationController pushViewController:two animated:YES]; 44 45 } 46 @end
TXTwoViewController.m文件
1 // Created by 鑫 on 14-10-16. 2 // Copyright (c) 2014年 梁镋鑫. All rights reserved. 3 // 4 5 #import "TXTwoViewController.h" 6 #import "TXThreeViewController.h" 7 @interface TXTwoViewController () 8 - (IBAction)jumpThree; 9 10 @end 11 12 @implementation TXTwoViewController 13 14 - (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil 15 { 16 self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil]; 17 if (self) { 18 // Custom initialization 19 } 20 return self; 21 } 22 23 - (void)viewDidLoad 24 { 25 [super viewDidLoad]; 26 self.navigationItem.titleView = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeContactAdd]; 27 self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemTrash target:nil action:nil]; 28 29 } 30 31 - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning 32 { 33 [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; 34 // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated. 35 } 36 37 - (IBAction)jumpThree { 38 TXThreeViewController *three = [[TXThreeViewController alloc]init]; 39 [self.navigationController pushViewController:three animated:YES]; 40 41 } 42 @end
TXThreeViewController.m文件
1 #import "TXThreeViewController.h" 2 3 @interface TXThreeViewController () 4 - (IBAction)backTwo; 5 6 - (IBAction)backOne; 7 8 @end 9 10 @implementation TXThreeViewController 11 12 - (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil 13 { 14 self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil]; 15 if (self) { 16 // Custom initialization 17 } 18 return self; 19 } 20 21 - (void)viewDidLoad 22 { 23 [super viewDidLoad]; 24 self.navigationItem.title = @"第3个控制器"; 25 26 27 UIBarButtonItem *item1 = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemTrash target:nil action:nil]; 28 29 UIBarButtonItem *item2 = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemCompose target:nil action:nil]; 30 31 self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItems = @[item1, item2]; 32 33 } 34 35 - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning 36 { 37 [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; 38 // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated. 39 } 40 41 - (IBAction)backTwo { 42 // 移除栈顶控制器即可 43 [self.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:YES]; 44 // [self.navigationController popToViewController:two animated:ye]; 45 } 46 47 - (IBAction)backOne { 48 [self.navigationController popToRootViewControllerAnimated:YES]; 49 // [self.navigationController popToViewController:one animated:<#(BOOL)#>]; 50 51 52 } 53 @end
提示：只要当前控制器是导航控制器的子控制器，那么就可以通过self.navigationController属性直接获取到当前控制器所在的导航控制器
项目文件结构和运行效果：
标签：style blog http io color ar os 使用 for
原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/asd5551680/p/4069755.html
