首先我们来看同步与死锁问题:
所谓死锁,就是A拥有banana,B拥有apple。
A对B说:你把apple给我,我就把banana给你。
B对A说:你把banana给我,我就把apple给你。
但是A和B都在等待对方的答复,那么这样最终的结果就是A得不到apple,B也得不到banana。这种死循环就是死锁。
于是我们可以模拟上面的描述,写出以下代码:
类A代表A这个人,
public class A { public void say(){ System.out.println("A said to B: if you give me the apple, I will give you the banana."); } public void get(){ System.out.println("A get the apple."); } }
public class B { public void say(){ System.out.println("B said to A: if you give me the banana, I will give you the apple."); } public void get(){ System.out.println("B get the banana."); } }
public class ThreadDeadLock implements Runnable{ private static A a=new A(); private static B b=new B(); public boolean flag=false; public void run(){ if(flag){ synchronized(a){ a.say(); try{ Thread.sleep(500); }catch(InterruptedException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } synchronized(b){ a.get(); } } }else{ synchronized(b){ b.say(); try{ Thread.sleep(500); }catch(InterruptedException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } synchronized(a){ b.get(); } } } } }
public class Main{ public static void main(String[] args){ ThreadDeadLock t1=new ThreadDeadLock(); ThreadDeadLock t2=new ThreadDeadLock(); t1.flag=true; t2.flag=false; Thread thA=new Thread(t1); Thread thB=new Thread(t2); thA.start(); thB.start(); } }
A said to B: if you give me the apple, I will give you the banana.
B said to A: if you give me the banana, I will give you the apple.
从以上的程序运行,我们可以发现,两个线程都在等待对方的执行完成,这样,程序也就无法继续执行,从而造成了死锁运行现象。
下面我们来看生产者与消费者问题:
所谓生产者与消费者问题,很简单,过程就是生产者不断生产产品,消费者不断取走产品。
Producer生产product,Consumer消费product。
于是,我们先定义product类:
public class Product { private String name="product"; private boolean flag=false; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public synchronized void set(String name){ if(!flag){ try{ super.wait(); }catch(InterruptedException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } this.setName(name); try{ Thread.sleep(300); }catch(InterruptedException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } flag=false; super.notify(); } public synchronized void get(){ if(flag){ try{ super.wait(); }catch(InterruptedException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } try{ Thread.sleep(300); }catch(InterruptedException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println(this.getName()); flag=true; super.notify(); } }
Producer类:
public class Producer implements Runnable{ private Product product=null; public Producer(Product product){ this.product=product; } public void run(){ for(int i=0;i<50;++i){ this.product.set("product"); } } }
public class Consumer implements Runnable{ private Product product=null; public Consumer(Product product){ this.product=product; } public void run(){ for(int i=0;i<50;++i){ try{ Thread.sleep(100); }catch(InterruptedException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } this.product.get(); } } }
public class Main{ public static void main(String[] args){ Product product=new Product(); Producer pro=new Producer(product); Consumer con=new Consumer(product); new Thread(pro).start(); new Thread(con).start(); } }
原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/yangxiangyuibm/article/details/40714221