标签：blog http io ar os 使用 for sp strong
列表按列排序(list sort)
如果列表的每个元素都是一个元组(tuple),我们要根据元组的某列来排序的化，可参考如下方法
下面例子我们是根据元组的第2列和第3列数据来排序的,而且是倒序(reverse=True)
>>> a = [(‘2011-03-17‘, ‘2.26‘, 6429600, ‘0.0‘), (‘2011-03-16‘, ‘2.26‘, 12036900, ‘-3.0‘), (‘2011-03-15‘, ‘2.33‘, 15615500,‘-19.1‘)] >>> print a[0][0] 2011-03-17 >>> b = sorted(a, key=lambda result: result[1],reverse=True) >>> print b [(‘2011-03-15‘, ‘2.33‘, 15615500, ‘-19.1‘), (‘2011-03-17‘, ‘2.26‘, 6429600, ‘0.0‘), (‘2011-03-16‘, ‘2.26‘, 12036900, ‘-3.0‘)] >>> c = sorted(a, key=lambda result: result[2],reverse=True) >>> print c [(‘2011-03-15‘, ‘2.33‘, 15615500, ‘-19.1‘), (‘2011-03-16‘, ‘2.26‘, 12036900, ‘-3.0‘), (‘2011-03-17‘, ‘2.26‘, 6429600, ‘0.0‘)]
sorted：http://www.cnblogs.com/65702708/archive/2010/09/14/1826362.html
lambda: http://www.cnblogs.com/coderzh/archive/2010/04/30/python-cookbook-lambda.html
命令行参数解析(getopt)
通常在编写一些日运维脚本时，需要根据不同的条件，输入不同的命令行选项来实现不同的功能 在Python中提供了getopt模块很好的实现了命令行参数的解析,下面距离说明。请看如下程序:
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import sys,os,getopt def usage(): print ‘‘‘‘‘ Usage: analyse_stock.py [options...] Options: -e : Exchange Name -c : User-Defined Category Name -f : Read stock info from file and save to db -d : delete from db by stock code -n : stock name -s : stock code -h : this help info test.py -s haha -n "HA Ha" ‘‘‘ try: opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:],‘he:c:f:d:n:s:‘) except getopt.GetoptError: usage() sys.exit() if len(opts) == 0: usage() sys.exit() for opt, arg in opts: if opt in (‘-h‘, ‘--help‘): usage() sys.exit() elif opt == ‘-d‘: print "del stock %s" % arg elif opt == ‘-f‘: print "read file %s" % arg elif opt == ‘-c‘: print "user-defined %s " % arg elif opt == ‘-e‘: print "Exchange Name %s" % arg elif opt == ‘-s‘: print "Stock code %s" % arg elif opt == ‘-n‘: print "Stock name %s" % arg sys.exit()
Python 捕获用户 Ctrl+C ,Ctrl+D 事件
有些时候，需要在程序中捕获用户键盘事件，比如ctrl+c退出，这样可以更好的安全退出程序
try:
do_some_func()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print "User Press Ctrl+C,Exit"
except EOFError:
print "User Press Ctrl+D,Exit"
列表切割赋值(删除我知道，没想到插入也行）
>>> a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] >>> a[2:3] = [0, 0] >>> a [1, 2, 0, 0, 4, 5] >>> a[1:1] = [8, 9] >>> a [1, 8, 9, 2, 0, 0, 4, 5] >>> a[1:-1] = [] >>> a [1, 5]
用压缩器反转字典
>>> m = {‘a‘: 1, ‘b‘: 2, ‘c‘: 3, ‘d‘: 4}
>>> m.items()
[(‘a‘, 1), (‘c‘, 3), (‘b‘, 2), (‘d‘, 4)]
>>> zip(m.values(), m.keys())
[(1, ‘a‘), (3, ‘c‘), (2, ‘b‘), (4, ‘d‘)]
>>> mi = dict(zip(m.values(), m.keys()))
>>> mi
{1: ‘a‘, 2: ‘b‘, 3: ‘c‘, 4: ‘d‘}
字典推导- -
>>> m = {x: x ** 2 for x in range(5)}
>>> m
{0: 0, 1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16}
>>> m = {x: ‘A‘ + str(x) for x in range(10)}
>>> m
{0: ‘A0‘, 1: ‘A1‘, 2: ‘A2‘, 3: ‘A3‘, 4: ‘A4‘, 5: ‘A5‘, 6: ‘A6‘, 7: ‘A7‘, 8: ‘A8‘, 9: ‘A9‘}
操作集合
>>> A = {1, 2, 3, 3}
>>> A
set([1, 2, 3])
>>> B = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
>>> B
set([3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
>>> A | B
set([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
>>> A & B
set([3])
>>> A - B
set([1, 2])
>>> B - A
set([4, 5, 6, 7])
>>> A ^ B
set([1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7])
>>> (A ^ B) == ((A - B) | (B - A))
python高级数据结构(熟练使用，生活更轻松):http://blog.jobbole.com/65218/
标签：blog http io ar os 使用 for sp strong
原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/zxpgo/p/4070153.html
