1 #通过实例属性 列表 字典构造对应的异常
 2 class Human(object):
 3     def __init__(self, name, age, sex):
 4         self.name = name
 5         self.age = age
 6     def get_info(self):
 7         print("my name is %s,age is %s"%(self.name, self.age))
 8 man1 = Human("李四", 22, "man")
 9 list1 = [1, 2, 3]
10 dict1 = {"name":"张三", "age":12}
11 
12 #异常捕获的语法
13 try:
14     man1.get_info1()
15 except AttributeError as e: #AttributeError为错误类型，此种错误的类型赋值给变量e;当try与except之间的语句触发
16 # AttributeError错误时程序不会异常退出而是执行except AttributeError下面的内容
17     print("this is a AttributeError:",e)
18 finally:
19     print("this is finally")
20 
21 try:
22     man1.get_info()
23     #list1[3]
24     #dict1["sex"]
25 except AttributeError as e:
26     print("this is a AttributeError:",e)
27 else:
28     print("一切正常") #当try与except之间内容没有触发捕获异常也没有异常退出就会跳过except转到执行else下面的语句
29 finally:
30     print("this is finally")#不论程序是否触发异常，只要没有退出都会执行finally下面的内容
31 
32 try:
33     list1[3]
34     dict1["sex"]
35 except (IndexError, KeyError) as e: #当需要捕获多个异常在一条except时候可以使用这种语法，try与except之间语句触发任意一个异常捕获后就跳到except下面的语句继续执行
36     print("this is a IndexError or KeyError:",e)
37 
38 try:
39     list1[3]
40     dict1["sex"]
41 except IndexError as e:#当需要分开捕获多个异常可以使用多条except语句，try与except之间语句触发任意一个异常捕获后就跳到对应except执行其下面的语句，其余except不在继续执行
42     print("this is a IndexError:",e)
43 except KeyError as e:
44     print("this is a KeyError:",e)
45 
46 try:
47     man1.get_info1()
48 except IndexError as e:
49     print("this is a IndexError:",e)
50 except Exception as e:
51     print("this is a OtherError:",e)#可以使用except Exception来捕获绝大部分异常而不必将错误类型显式全部写出来
52 
53 #自己定义异常
54 class Test_Exception(Exception):
55     def __init__(self, message):
56         self.message = message
57 try:
58     man1.get_info()
59     raise Test_Exception("自定义错误")#自己定义的错误需要在try与except之间手工触发，错误内容为实例化传入的参数
60 except Test_Exception as e:
61     print(e)