1.HTTP与HTTPS区别
HTTP协议默认采用80端口
HTTPS协议默认采用443
HTTPS相较于HTTP协议更安全一些，采用SSL+安全证书，但是效率低
2.使用代码格式模拟HTTP请求（HTTPClient）
2.1 使用HttpClient模拟get请求
//get请求
public static void getRequest() throws IOException {
//创建一个默认链接
CloseableHttpClient client= HttpClients.createDefault();
//创建一个请求
HttpGet httpGet=new HttpGet("https://www.baidu.com");
//执行请求获取响应的结果
CloseableHttpResponse response=client.execute(httpGet);
//获取响应的状态码
System.out.println("服务器返回的状态码："+response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
//服务器正常响应
if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==200){
//获取响应的结果
System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8"));
}
//关闭结果对象
response.close();
//关闭连接
client.close();
}
2.2 运行结果
、
2.3 模拟post请求
编写一个servlet
@WebServlet("/HttpClientServlet")
public class HttpClientServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获取数据
String username = req.getParameter("username");
System.out.println("接收的数据："+username);
resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
resp.getWriter().write("服务器接收到数据啦~");
}
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(req,resp);
}
}
2.4 post请求
//模拟post请求
public static void postRequest()throws IOException{
//创建连接
CloseableHttpClient client=HttpClients.createDefault();
//创建请求
HttpPost post=new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/HttpClientServlet");
//创建参数队列
List<NameValuePair> pairs=new ArrayList<>();
pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username","张三"));
//创建请求体，封装参数
UrlEncodedFormEntity entity=new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs,"UTF-8");
//将请求体交给当前请求
post.setEntity(entity);
//发送请求
CloseableHttpResponse response=client.execute(post);
System.out.println("接收到的结果为:"+EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8"));
//关闭资源
response.close();
client.close();
}
}
