标签：padding vertica ace 通过 南京 cal dex only mono
一、列表、元组操作
列表是我们最以后最常用的数据类型之一，通过列表可以对数据实现最方便的存储、修改等操作
names=["zhangzhihao","jehu","xiaodu","jjj","aaa"] print(names[1]) #从第2个取到第4个，但不包括第4个 print(names[1:3]) #切片，顾头不顾尾 print(names[0:3]) #取倒数第二个值 print(names[-2]) #取最后两个值 print(names[-2:])
执行结果：
jehu [‘jehu‘, ‘xiaodu‘] [‘zhangzhihao‘, ‘jehu‘, ‘xiaodu‘] jjj [‘jjj‘, ‘aaa‘]
追加
names=["zhangzhihao","jehu","xiaodu","jjj","aaa"] names.append("www") print(names)
执行结果：
[‘zhangzhihao‘, ‘jehu‘, ‘xiaodu‘, ‘jjj‘, ‘aaa‘, ‘www‘]
插入
names=["zhangzhihao","jehu","xiaodu","jjj","aaa"] names.insert(1,"rrr") print(names)
执行结果：
[‘zhangzhihao‘, ‘rrr‘, ‘jehu‘, ‘xiaodu‘, ‘jjj‘, ‘aaa‘]
修改
names=["zhangzhihao","jehu","xiaodu","jjj","aaa"] names[0]="zhangzz" print(names)
执行结果：
[‘zhangzz‘, ‘jehu‘, ‘xiaodu‘, ‘jjj‘, ‘aaa‘]
删除
方法一：
names=["zhangzhihao","jehu","xiaodu","jjj","aaa"] names.remove("aaa") print(names)
执行结果：
[‘zhangzhihao‘, ‘jehu‘, ‘xiaodu‘, ‘jjj‘]
方法二：
names=["zhangzhihao","jehu","xiaodu","jjj","aaa"] del names[3] print(names)
执行结果：
[‘zhangzhihao‘, ‘jehu‘, ‘xiaodu‘, ‘aaa‘]
方法三：
#删掉jjj names=["zhangzhihao","jehu","xiaodu","jjj","aaa"] names.pop(3) print(names)
查找某个字符串在列表中的哪个位置
names=["zhangzhihao","jehu","xiaodu","jjj","aaa"] print(names.index("xiaodu"))
统计列表中字符串的数量
names=["zhangzhihao","jehu","xiaodu","jjj","aaa","jjj"] print(names.count("jjj"))
清空列表
names=["zhangzhihao","jehu","xiaodu","jjj","aaa","jjj"] names.clear() print(names)
翻转列表
names=["zhangzhihao","jehu","xiaodu","jjj","aaa","jjj"] names.reverse() print(names)
执行结果：
[‘jjj‘, ‘aaa‘, ‘jjj‘, ‘xiaodu‘, ‘jehu‘, ‘zhangzhihao‘]
排序
names=["zhangzhihao","jehu","xiaodu","jjj","aaa","jjj"] names.sort() print(names)
执行结果：
[‘aaa‘, ‘jehu‘, ‘jjj‘, ‘jjj‘, ‘xiaodu‘, ‘zhangzhihao‘]
合并列表
names=["zhangzhihao","jehu","xiaodu","jjj","aaa","jjj"] names2=["1","2","3","4","5"] print(names) names.extend(names2) print(names)
执行结果：
[‘zhangzhihao‘, ‘jehu‘, ‘xiaodu‘, ‘jjj‘, ‘aaa‘, ‘jjj‘]
[‘zhangzhihao‘, ‘jehu‘, ‘xiaodu‘, ‘jjj‘, ‘aaa‘, ‘jjj‘, ‘1‘, ‘2‘, ‘3‘, ‘4‘, ‘5‘]
复制
copy 浅复制
names=["zhangzhihao","jehu","xiaodu","jjj","aaa","jjj"] names2=names.copy() print(names) print(names2)
number=["1","2","3",["a","b","c"],"4","5"] number2=number.copy() number[2]="666" print(number) print(number2) number[3][0]="A" print(number) print(number2)
执行结果：
[‘1‘, ‘2‘, ‘666‘, [‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘], ‘4‘, ‘5‘]
[‘1‘, ‘2‘, ‘3‘, [‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘], ‘4‘, ‘5‘]
[‘1‘, ‘2‘, ‘666‘, [‘A‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘], ‘4‘, ‘5‘]
[‘1‘, ‘2‘, ‘3‘, [‘A‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘], ‘4‘, ‘5‘]
把number复制到number2，修改number中的元素本不应该影响number2，但是如果number中还有一层列表，修改number会影响number2
深复制
import copy number=["1","2","3",["a","b","c"],"4","5"] number2=copy.deepcopy(number) number[2]="666" number[3][0]="A" print(number) print(number2)
元组
元组其实跟列表差不多，也是存一组数，只不是它一旦创建，便不能再修改，所以又叫只读列表
语法：names = ("alex","jack","eric")
它只有2个方法，一个是count,一个是index，完毕。
练习：
程序：购物车程序
需求:
salary=input("Please input your salary:") commodities=[["Iphone",5800],["Milk",30],["apple",15],["coffee",20],["chicken",25], ["pork",32],["juice",8],["router",700]] brougth_com=[] if salary.isdigit(): salary=int(salary) while True: for index,i in enumerate(commodities): print(index,i) com_chose = input("The item number you want to buy:") if com_chose.isdigit(): com_chose=int(com_chose) if com_chose<len(commodities) and com_chose>=0: price=commodities[com_chose][1] if salary>=price: salary=salary-price brougth_com.append(commodities[com_chose]) print("Have added {0} to the shopping cart and your current balance is \033[31;1m{1}\033[0m".format(commodities[com_chose][0],salary)) else: print("Your balance is short, only {0} left.".format(salary)) else: print("Over the goods number range.") elif com_chose=="q": print("------shopping list-------") for j in brougth_com: print(j) print("Your balance is {0}.".format(salary)) exit() else: print("invalid option.") else: print("invalid option.")
二、字典
字典一种key - value 的数据类型，使用就像我们上学用的字典，通过笔划、字母来查对应页的详细内容。
字典的特性：
语法：
info = { ‘1‘: "zhangzhihao", ‘2‘: "liuxiaodu", ‘3‘: "jehu", }
增加
info["4"]="aaa" print(info)
执行结果：
{‘1‘: ‘zhangzhihao‘, ‘2‘: ‘liuxiaodu‘, ‘3‘: ‘jehu‘, ‘4‘: ‘aaa‘}
修改
info["1"]="zhangzz" print(info)
执行结果：
{‘1‘: ‘zhangzz‘, ‘2‘: ‘liuxiaodu‘, ‘3‘: ‘jehu‘}
删除
方法一：
info.pop("2") print(info)
执行结果：
{‘1‘: ‘zhangzhihao‘, ‘3‘: ‘jehu‘}
方法二：
del info["2"] print(info)
执行结果：
{‘1‘: ‘zhangzhihao‘, ‘3‘: ‘jehu‘}
查找
b=info.get("2") print(b) a=info["2"] print(a)
执行结果：
liuxiaodu
liuxiaodu
如果一个key不存在，就报错，get不会，不存在只返回None
多级字典嵌套及操作
city={ "广东":{ "广州":["越秀","天河","荔湾","白云"], "深圳":["南山","罗湖","福田","宝安"], "茂名":["茂南","茂港","电白","高州"]}, "浙江":{ "杭州":["西湖","萧山","余杭"], "温州":["鹿城","龙湾","瓯海"], "嘉兴":["南湖","秀洲","平湖"]}, "上海":{ "黄埔":["南京路","外滩","豫园"], "徐汇":["湖南路","天平路","枫林路"], "长宁":["华阳路","新华路","江苏路"] } } print(city) print(city["广东"]) print(city["广东"]["深圳"])
执行结果：
{‘广东‘: {‘广州‘: [‘越秀‘, ‘天河‘, ‘荔湾‘, ‘白云‘], ‘深圳‘: [‘南山‘, ‘罗湖‘, ‘福田‘, ‘宝安‘], ‘茂名‘: [‘茂南‘, ‘茂港‘, ‘电白‘, ‘高州‘]}, ‘浙江‘: {‘杭州‘: [‘西湖‘, ‘萧山‘, ‘余杭‘], ‘温州‘: [‘鹿城‘, ‘龙湾‘, ‘瓯海‘], ‘嘉兴‘: [‘南湖‘, ‘秀洲‘, ‘平湖‘]}, ‘上海‘: {‘黄埔‘: [‘南京路‘, ‘外滩‘, ‘豫园‘], ‘徐汇‘: [‘湖南路‘, ‘天平路‘, ‘枫林路‘], ‘长宁‘: [‘华阳路‘, ‘新华路‘, ‘江苏路‘]}}
{‘广州‘: [‘越秀‘, ‘天河‘, ‘荔湾‘, ‘白云‘], ‘深圳‘: [‘南山‘, ‘罗湖‘, ‘福田‘, ‘宝安‘], ‘茂名‘: [‘茂南‘, ‘茂港‘, ‘电白‘, ‘高州‘]}
[‘南山‘, ‘罗湖‘, ‘福田‘, ‘宝安‘]
循环查字典
#方法1 for key in info: print(key,info[key]) #方法2 for k,v in info.items(): #会先把dict转成list,数据里大时莫用 print(k,v)
标签：padding vertica ace 通过 南京 cal dex only mono
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/jehuzzh/p/12310520.html
