Spring Boot保护Web应用程序

时间：2020-03-06 01:36:57 阅读：89 评论：0 收藏：0 [点我收藏+]

如果在类路径上添加了Spring Boot Security依赖项，则Spring Boot应用程序会自动为所有HTTP端点提供基本身份验证。端点“/”和“/home”不需要任何身份验证。所有其他端点都需要身份验证。

要将Spring Boot Security添加到Spring Boot应用程序，需要在构建配置文件中添加Spring Boot Starter Security依赖项。

Maven用户可以在pom.xml 文件中添加以下依赖项。

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

Gradle用户可以在build.gradle 文件中添加以下依赖项。

compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-security")

保护Web应用程序

首先，使用Thymeleaf模板创建不安全的Web应用程序。
然后，在 src/main/resources/templates 目录下创建一个home.html 文件。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
   xmlns:th = "http://www.thymeleaf.org" 
   xmlns:sec = "http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3">
   <head>
      <title>Spring Security示例</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      <h1>欢迎您!</h1>
      <p>点击 <a th:href = "@{/hello}">这里</a> 看到问候语.</p>
   </body>
</html>

使用Thymeleaf模板在HTML文件中定义的简单视图/hello。现在，在src/main/resources/templates目录下创建一个文件:hello.html。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
   xmlns:th = "http://www.thymeleaf.org" 
   xmlns:sec = "http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3">
   <head>
      <title>Hello World!</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      <h1>Hello world!</h1>
   </body>
</html>

现在，需要为Home和hello视图设置Spring MVC - View控制器。为此，创建一个扩展WebMvcConfigurerAdapter的MVC配置文件。

package com.yiibai.websecuritydemo;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;

@Configuration
public class MvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
   @Override
   public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
      registry.addViewController("/home").setViewName("home");
      registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("home");
      registry.addViewController("/hello").setViewName("hello");
      registry.addViewController("/login").setViewName("login");
   }
}

现在，将Spring Boot Starter安全依赖项添加到构建配置文件中。Maven用户可以在pom.xml 文件中添加以下依赖项。

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

Gradle用户可以在build.gradle 文件中添加以下依赖项。

compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-security")

现在，创建一个Web安全配置文件，该文件用于保护应用程序以使用基本身份验证访问HTTP端点。

package com.yiibai.websecuritydemo;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
   @Override
   protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
      http
         .authorizeRequests()
            .antMatchers("/", "/home").permitAll()
            .anyRequest().authenticated()
            .and()
         .formLogin()
            .loginPage("/login")
            .permitAll()
            .and()
            .logout()
            .permitAll();
   }
   @Autowired
   public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
      auth
         .inMemoryAuthentication()
         .withUser("user").password("password").roles("USER");
   }
}

现在，在src/main/resources 目录下创建一个login.html 文件，以允许用户通过登录屏幕访问HTTP端点。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th = "http://www.thymeleaf.org"
   xmlns:sec = "http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3">

   <head>
      <title>Spring Security示例</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      <div th:if = "${param.error}">
         无效的用户名和密码.
      </div>
      <div th:if = "${param.logout}">
         你已经注销.
      </div>

      <form th:action = "@{/login}" method = "post">
         <div>
            <label> 用户名 : <input type = "text" name = "username"/> </label>
         </div>
         <div>
            <label> 密码: <input type = "password" name = "password"/> </label>
         </div>
         <div>
            <input type = "submit" value = "登录"/>
         </div>
      </form>
   </body>
</html>

最后，更新hello.html 文件 - 允许用户从应用程序注销并显示当前用户名，如下所示 -

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th = "http://www.thymeleaf.org" 
   xmlns:sec = "http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3">

   <head>
      <title>Hello World!</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      <h1 th:inline = "text">您好，[[${#httpServletRequest.remoteUser}]]!</h1>
      <form th:action = "@{/logout}" method = "post">
         <input type = "submit" value = "注销"/>
      </form>
   </body>

</html>

主 Spring Boot应用程序的代码如下 -

package com.yiibai.websecuritydemo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class WebsecurityDemoApplication {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(WebsecurityDemoApplication.class, args);
   }
}

下面给出了构建配置文件的完整代码。

Maven构建文件 - pom.xml 的内容如下:

<?xml version  =  "1.0" encoding  =  "UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
   http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>com.yiibai</groupId>
   <artifactId>websecurity-demo</artifactId>
   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <packaging>jar</packaging>
   <name>websecurity-demo</name>
   <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

   <parent>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
      <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
      <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
   </parent>

   <properties>
      <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
      <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
      <java.version>1.8</java.version>
   </properties>

   <dependencies>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
         <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
         <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>
   </dependencies>

   <build>
      <plugins>
         <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
         </plugin>
      </plugins>
   </build>

</project>

Gradle构建文件 – build.gradle

buildscript {
   ext {
      springBootVersion = ‘1.5.9.RELEASE‘
   }
   repositories {
      mavenCentral()
   }
   dependencies {
      classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
   }
}

apply plugin: ‘java‘
apply plugin: ‘eclipse‘
apply plugin: ‘org.springframework.boot‘

group = ‘com.yiibai‘
version = ‘0.0.1-SNAPSHOT‘
sourceCompatibility = 1.8

repositories {
   mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
   compile(‘org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-security‘)
   compile(‘org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf‘)
   compile(‘org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web‘)

   testCompile(‘org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test‘)
   testCompile(‘org.springframework.security:spring-security-test‘)
}

现在，创建一个可执行的JAR文件，并使用以下Maven或Gradle命令运行Spring Boot应用程序。

Maven用户请使用下面给出的命令 -