标签：info 两种方法 登录 ide internet hang for starting sub
前文 树莓派/Debian Apache2 实现 HTTPS(SSL) 服务 提到，Apache2 实现 HTTPS(SSL) 服务有两种方法以及之间的区别，这里讲述如何通过 OpenSSL 自建 CA 来 自签名证书 和 颁发 SSL 证书 实现 HTTPS(SSL) 服务。
sudo apt-get install apache2这一步必做 。
以 root 权限执行命令：
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 stop这时应显示：
[ ok ] Stopping apache2 (via systemctl): apache2.service.cd /etc/apache2/ && sudo mkdir -p ownSSL/CA && sudo mkdir ownSSL/Server && cd /etc/apache2/在此初始工作环境中，子目录的重要性及其内容如下：
/etc/apache2/ownSSL/CA : 包含CA私匙、CA 证书请求、CA根证书
/etc/apache2/ownSSL/Server : 包含Server私匙、Server证书请求、Server证书sudo openssl genrsa -out CA/CA_private.key 2048成功显示：
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus (2 primes)
................+++++
...................................................+++++
e is 65537 (0x010001)sudo openssl req -new -key CA/CA_private.key -out CA/CA_request.csr过程中，提示需要你输入该根证书相关信息，自行更改：
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:BeiJing
Locality Name (eg, city) []:BJ
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:Yogile
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Yogile
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:Yogile
Email Address []:example@mail.com
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:opensslca
An optional company name []:Yogile
sudo openssl x509 -req -in CA/CA_request.csr -extensions v3_ca -signkey CA/CA_private.key -out CA/CA_root.crt
成功显示：
Signature ok
subject=C = CN, ST = BeiJing, L = BJ, O = Yogile, OU = Yogile, CN = Yogile, emailAddress = example@mail.com
Getting Private key
sudo openssl genrsa -out Server/Server_private.key 2048
成功显示：
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus (2 primes)
............+++++
.......................+++++
e is 65537 (0x010001)
sudo openssl req -new -key Server/Server_private.key -out Server/Server_request.csr
过程中，提示需要你输入该根证书相关信息，自行更改：
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:BeiJing
Locality Name (eg, city) []:BJ
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:Yogile
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Yogile
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:Yogile
Email Address []:example@mail.com
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:example@mail.com
An optional company name []:Yogile
创建配置文件 openssl.cnf
sudo vim openssl.cnf
参考如下：
[req]
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
req_extensions = v3_req
[req_distinguished_name]
countryName = CN
countryName_default = CN
stateOrProvinceName = BJ
stateOrProvinceName_default = BeiJing
localityName = BJ
localityName_default = BeiJing
organizationalUnitName = Yogile
organizationalUnitName_default = Domain Control Validated
commonName = Internet Widgits Ltd
commonName_max = 64
[ v3_req ]
# Extensions to add to a certificate request
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
subjectAltName = @alt_names
[alt_names]
# 注意这个IP.1的设置，IP地址需要和你的服务器的监听地址一样 DNS为server网址
IP.1 = 192.168.0.129
DNS.1 = www.example.com
需要将 Server 监听的地址写入证书中，如果访问时地址与证书中地址不一致将不能通过证书认证。
执行命令生成 Server 证书
sudo openssl x509 -days 365 -req -in Server/Server_request.csr -extensions v3_req -CAkey CA/CA_private.key -CA CA/CA_root.crt -CAcreateserial -out Server/Server_root.crt -extfile openssl.cnf
成功显示：
Signature ok
subject=C = CN, ST = BeiJing, L = BJ, O = Yogile, OU = Yogile, CN = Yogile, emailAddress = example@mail.com
Getting CA Private Key使用 tree 命令检查环境良好，配置无误：
yogile@debyogile:/etc/apache2/ownSSL$ tree
.
├── CA
│?? ├── CA_private.key
│?? ├── CA_request.csr
│?? ├── CA_root.crt
│?? └── CA_root.srl
├── openssl.cnf
└── Server
├── Server_private.key
├── Server_request.csr
└── Server_root.crt
2 directories, 8 files这一步必做 。
以 root 权限执行命令：
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 stop
这时应显示：
[ ok ] Stopping apache2 (via systemctl): apache2.service.
以 root 权限启用SSL模块：
sudo a2enmod ssl
如果执行成功显示：
Considering dependency setenvif for ssl:
Module setenvif already enabled
Considering dependency mime for ssl:
Module mime already enabled
Considering dependency socache_shmcb for ssl:
Enabling module socache_shmcb.
Enabling module ssl.
See /usr/share/doc/apache2/README.Debian.gz on how to configure SSL and create self-signed certificates.
To activate the new configuration, you need to run:
systemctl restart apache2
它最后提醒你执行一条重启命令：
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
这里要以 root 权限执行这条命令，否则报错。
注意：这里重启了 Apache2。
这一步必做，和前两步的 “停止 Apache2 服务” 起到同样的效果 。
以 root 权限执行命令：
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 stop
这时应显示：
[ ok ] Stopping apache2 (via systemctl): apache2.service.
以 root 权限执行命令：
sudo a2ensite default-ssl
正确返回结果：
yogile@debyogile:/etc/apache2# sudo a2ensite default-ssl
a2ensite default-sslEnabling site default-ssl.
To activate the new configuration, you need to run:
systemctl reload apache2
它提醒执行 systemctl reload apache2 ，先不管它，进行下一步 启动 Apache2 服务 。
这时 启动 Apache2 服务 ：
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 start
启动成功显示：
[ ok ] Starting apache2 (via systemctl): apache2.service.
启动 Apache2 服务成功后，加载 SSL 配置文件 default-ssl.conf
sudo systemctl reload apache2
成功无显示。
加载完成了，修改其配置。
编辑监听端口配置文件
sudo vim /etc/apache2/ports.conf
一般显示：
# If you just change the port or add more ports here, you will likely also
# have to change the VirtualHost statement in
# /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf
Listen 80
<IfModule ssl_module>
Listen 443
</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_gnutls.c>
Listen 443
</IfModule>
# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet
添加监听端口 443
将示例中第 5 行 Listen 80 修改成 Listen 80 443 ：
# If you just change the port or add more ports here, you will likely also
# have to change the VirtualHost statement in
#/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf
Listen 80 443
<IfModule ssl_module>
Listen 443
</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_gnutls.c>
Listen 443
</IfModule>
# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet
:wq 保存退出
编辑 SSL 配置文件 default-ssl.conf
sudo vim /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/default-ssl.conf
如果忽略注释会显示：
<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
<VirtualHost _default_:443>
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www/html
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
<FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$">
SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
</FilesMatch>
<Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin>
SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
</IfModule>
添加 ServerName <主机名> ，例：
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
ServerName yogile.icu
DocumentRoot /var/www/html
这里的主机名填写为： 按 OpenSSL 文档操作时文件 exampleserver.cnf 中的 DNS.0 ：
[ alt_names ]
DNS.0 = yogile.icu
DNS.1 = www.yogile.icu
修改加载 SSL 证书位置，例：
SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/ownSSL/Server/Server_root.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/apache2/ownSSL/Server/Server_private.key
:wq 保存退出
输入命令重启 Apache2 服务
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
成功会显示：
[ ok ] Restarting apache2 (via systemctl): apache2.service.
配benz置成功。
“高级” -> 继续前往（不安全）
树莓派/Debian Apache2 配置自建 CA 实现 HTTPS(SSL) 服务
标签：info 两种方法 登录 ide internet hang for starting sub
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/Yogile/p/12487790.html
