Python路径操作

from os import path #os 模块常用函数，os.path模块

p = path.join(‘/etc/‘,‘sysconfig‘,‘network‘) #拼接
print(type(p),p)
print(path.exists(p)) #存在性判断
print(path.split(p)) #分隔

print(path.dirname(p),path.basename(p))#取路径和基名

print(path.abspath(‘‘),path.abspath(‘.‘)) #当前的绝对路径
print(‘*‘ * 30)

#打印父目录
p1 = path.abspath(__file__) #取当前文件名的对地路径
print(p1)

while p1 != path.dirname(p1):
    p1 = path.dirname(p1)
    print(p1)
#输出<class ‘str‘> /etc/sysconfig/network
False
(‘/etc/sysconfig‘, ‘network‘)
/etc/sysconfig network
/home/alren/PycharmProjects/Python /home/alren/PycharmProjects/Python
******************************
/home/alren/PycharmProjects/Python/file-operator.py
/home/alren/PycharmProjects/Python
/home/alren/PycharmProjects
/home/alren
/home
/

from pathlib import Path #从pathlib模快导入Path类

p1 = Path()
p2 = Path(‘‘)
p3 = Path(‘.‘) #Path()/Path(‘‘)/Path(‘.‘)都表示当前目录
print(p1)
print(p2)
print(p3)

p = Path(‘a‘,‘b‘,‘c/d‘) #当前目录下的a/b/c/d
print(p)

p = Path(‘/etc/‘,Path(),Path(‘sysconfig‘),‘network/ifconfig‘) #Path拼接
print(p)

#输出
.
.
.
a/b/c/d
/etc/sysconfig/network/ifconfig

from pathlib import Path

p1 = Path()
p2 = Path(‘‘)
p3 = Path(‘.‘)
print(p1)
print(p2)
print(p3)

p = Path(‘a‘,‘b‘,‘c/d‘)
print(p)

p = Path(‘/etc/‘,Path(),Path(‘sysconfig‘),‘network/ifconfig‘)
print(p)


p1 = ‘/a‘ / Path(‘b‘,‘c/d‘)
print(p1)

p2 = Path(‘/a‘,‘b‘) / Path(‘c/d‘)
print(p2)

p3 = Path(‘/a/b/c‘) / ‘d‘
print(p3)

p4 = ‘/a‘ / (‘b/c‘ / Path(‘d‘)) # ‘/a‘ / ‘b/c‘ / Path(‘d‘) 错误的表达式，str / str 不能使用/进行操作

print(p4)

from pathlib import Path

p = Path()
p = p / ‘a‘

p1 = ‘b‘ / p

p2 = Path(‘c‘)

p3 = p1 / p2
print(p1,p2,p3,sep=‘\n‘)

print(p3.joinpath(‘d‘,‘e/f‘,Path(‘g/h‘)))

#输出
b/a
c
b/a/c
b/a/c/d/e/f/g/h

print(p3.parts)  # (‘b‘, ‘a‘, ‘c‘)

print(str(p3),bytes(p3)) #b/a/c b‘b/a/c‘

p = Path(‘/data/mysql/data/mysql.tar.gz‘)
print(p.parent) #返回逻辑的父目录
print(p.parents)#返回一个惰性的可迭代对象

#输出
/data/mysql/data 
<PosixPath.parents>

from pathlib import Path
p = Path(‘/data/mysql/data/mysql.tar.gz‘)
print(p.parent) #
print(p.parents)

for i in p.parents:
    print(i)

from os import path

p1 = path.join(‘/data/mysql/data/mysql.tar.gz‘)

while p1 != path.dirname(p1):
    p1 = path.dirname(p1)
    print(p1)