标签：des io ar os 使用 sp for 文件 数据
数据库版本：Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0
主库ip：192.168.133.133 instance_name:orcl service_name:pdb 主机名：dg1
备库ip：192.168.133.134 instance_name:orcl service_name:sdb 主机名：dg2
（注意，在虚拟机上进行操作，网络连接方式最好选择host only，这样内部网络才会稳定，主库备库间的通信才更加正常）
--修改主备库hosts文件：
主库：
127.0.0.1 dg1 localhost
: :1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
192.168.133.133 dg1
192.168.133.134 dg2
备库：
127.0.0.1 dg2 localhost
: :1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
192.168.133.133 dg1
192.168.133.134 dg2
--看看防火墙是否关闭：
[
root@dg1 ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables status
Firewall is stopped.
--搭建DG前的准备工作：
开启数据库logging和archivelog mode
SQL>alter database force logging;
检查：
SQL>select force_logging from v$database;(应为YES)
检查数据库是否处于归档模式:
SQL>select log_mode from v$database;
如果数据库没有处于归档模式，那么将数据库shutdow immediate;重启到mount，执行
SQL>alter database archivelog;
SQL>alter database open;
SQL>archive log list;
--配置主备库的监听和网络服务名：
主库：
listener.ora:
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = pdb)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg1)(PORT = 1521))
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
tnsnames.ora:
PDB =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.133.133)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = pdb)
)
)
SDB =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.133.134)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = sdb)
)
)
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg1)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
备库：
listener.ora:
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = sdb)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg2)(PORT = 1521))
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
tnsnames.ora:
PDB =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.133.133)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = pdb)
)
)
SDB =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.133.134)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = sdb)
)
)
--启动主备库的监听：
lsnrctl start
--创建备库的口令文件：
如果主库中有就直接使用scp命令拷贝到备库所在服务器相应目录中，如果没有就使用orapwd命令创建：
orapwd file=xxx password=xxx entries=xx
--创建主备库的pfile，添加相应的参数：
主库：
SQL>create pfile from spfile;
添加如下内容：
*.instance_name=orcl
*.db_unique_name=pdb
*.log_archive_config=‘dg_config=(pdb,sdb)‘
*.fal_server=sdb
*.fal_client=pdb
*.log_archive_dest_2=‘service=sdb lgwr sync affirm valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=sdb‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
如果主备库的数据文件及日志文件不在同一个目录，则需要添加如下两个参数文件，路径为先远程后本地：
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=‘/u01/oradata/sdb/‘,‘/u01/oradata/pdb/‘
*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=‘/u01/oradata/sdb/‘,‘/u01/oradata/pdb/‘
备库：
使用scp命令将主库的pfile拷贝到备库所在服务器相同目录下，并修改如下参数：
*.instance_name=orcl
*.db_unique_name=sdb
*.log_archive_config=‘dg_config=(pdb,sdb)‘
*.fal_server=pdb
*.fal_client=sdb
*.log_archive_dest_2=‘service=pdb lgwr sync affirm valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=pdb‘
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
--创建备库相应的目录(以下是我的路径)：
数据文件和日志文件目录/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/
闪回区目录：/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl
警报日志文件目录：/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/sdb/orcl/trace
归档日志文件目录：/ss/archivelog/orcl
--备库：以pfile创建spfile并启动数据库到nomount：
SQL>startrup nomount pfile=‘/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initorcl.ora‘
SQL>create spfile from pfile;
SQL>shutdown immediate;
SQL>startup nomount
--检测主备库的网络连通性：
主库：
备库：
--使用rman备份数据库：
备份当前控制文件：
RMAN>backup format ‘/ss/backup/controlfile_%U‘ current controlfile for standby;
备份数据文件和归档日志文件：
RMAN>backup format ‘/ss/backup/db_%U‘ database plus archivelog;
--把备份集拷贝到和主库一样的目录/ss/backup/下：
scp /ss/backup/* oralce@192.168.133.134:/ss/backup/
--physical standby database的创建
--上面的步骤中我们已经将备库启动到nomount了，打开rman，使用rman的rman duplicate创建备用数据库：
RMAN>duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck;
备用数据库完成之后，数据库会自动开启到mount：
SQL>select status from v$instance;
(如果主备目录不同：duplicate target database for standby;
如果主备目录相同：duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck;)
--修改备库为恢复管理模式，使备库可以应用主库的redo数据，实现同步：
SQL>alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
或
SQL>alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
--检查是否有错误信息出现：
SQL>select error from v$archive_dest where target=‘STANDBY‘;
--检查备库日志应用情况：
SQL> select sequence#,first_time,next_time,applied from v$archived_log order by sequence#;
SEQUENCE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_TIME APPLIED
---------- --------- --------- ---------
30 01-NOV-14 01-NOV-14 YES
31 01-NOV-14 01-NOV-14 YES
32 01-NOV-14 02-NOV-14 YES
33 02-NOV-14 02-NOV-14 YES
34 02-NOV-14 02-NOV-14 YES
35 02-NOV-14 02-NOV-14 YES
36 02-NOV-14 02-NOV-14 YES
37 02-NOV-14 02-NOV-14 YES
--在主库切换日志，在备库中查看日志应用情况：
SEQUENCE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_TIME APPLIED
---------- --------- --------- ---------
30 01-NOV-14 01-NOV-14 YES
31 01-NOV-14 01-NOV-14 YES
32 01-NOV-14 02-NOV-14 YES
33 02-NOV-14 02-NOV-14 YES
34 02-NOV-14 02-NOV-14 YES
35 02-NOV-14 02-NOV-14 YES
36 02-NOV-14 02-NOV-14 YES
37 02-NOV-14 02-NOV-14 YES
38 02-NOV-14 03-NOV-14 IN-MEMORY
--为主备库分别创建standby日志文件(至少比redo log多一组)：
取消备库日志应用：
SQL>alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
主库：
SQL>alter database add standby logfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo01.log‘ size 50m;
SQL>alter database add standby logfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo02.log‘ size 50m;
SQL>alter database add standby logfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo03.log‘ size 50m;
SQL>alter database add standby logfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo04.log‘ size 50m;
SQL> select group#,status,member from v$logfile;
GROUP# STATUS MEMBER
---------- ------- --------------------------------------------------
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log
4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo01.log
5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo02.log
6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo03.log
7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo04.log
7 rows selected.
备库：
SQL>alter database add standby logfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo01.log‘ size 50m;
SQL>alter database add standby logfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo02.log‘ size 50m;
SQL>alter database add standby logfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo03.log‘ size 50m;
SQL>alter database add standby logfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo04.log‘ size 50m;
SQL> select group#,status,member from v$logfile;
SQL> select group#,status,member from v$logfile;
GROUP# STATUS MEMBER
---------- ------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/SDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_b5bt92v2_.log
2 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/SDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_b5bt90kf_.log
1 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/SDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_b5bt8yfc_.log
4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo01.log
5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo02.log
6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo03.log
7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo04.log
7 rows selected.
--启用备库日志应用：
SQL>alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
--在备库中确定相关进程是否全部启动：
SQL> select process,status from v$managed_standby;
PROCESS STATUS
--------- ------------
ARCH CLOSING
ARCH CLOSING
ARCH CONNECTED
ARCH CLOSING
RFS IDLE
RFS IDLE
RFS IDLE
MRP0 WAIT_FOR_LOG
RFS IDLE
9 rows selected.
--同步验证：
--查看备库是否存在日志断点：
SQL> select * from v$archive_gap;
no rows selected
如果存在日志断点，就要到主库中找到这些日志：
SQL> select sequence#,name from v$archived_log t1,v$archive_gap t2 where t1.thread#=t2.thread#;
找到这些日志文件之后，将这些文件拷贝到备库，并注册到备库进行应用：
SQL>alter database register logfile ‘xxx‘;
主库：
SQL> alter tablespace test add datafile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/test02.dbf‘ size 10m autoextend off;
Tablespace altered.
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users02.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/test01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users03.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users04.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/test02.dbf
10 rows selected.
备库：
查看备库警报日志文件：
Datafile #10: ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/test02.dbf‘
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users02.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/test01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users03.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users04.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/test02.dbf
10 rows selected.
--修改主库的保护模式和保护级别：
--查看主库保护模式和保护级别：
SQL> select protection_mode,protection_level from v$database;
PROTECTION_MODE PROTECTION_LEVEL
-------------------- --------------------
MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE
如果不是处于maximum availability高可用模式，就关闭主库重启到mount，修改为高可用模式：
SQL>shutdown immediate;
SQL>alter database mount
SQL>alter database set standby database to maximize availability;
(alter database set standby database to maximize {protection | availability | performance } )
SQL>select protection_mode,protection_level from v$database;
SQL>alter database open;
只需修改主库，会自动应用同步到备库。
至此，Datagurad已经搭建成功。
Oracle11gR2 Dataguard搭建
标签：des io ar os 使用 sp for 文件 数据
原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/zlhuan/p/4080738.html
