spring-boot -配置文件值注入

/**
 * 将配置文件中配置的每一个属性的值，映射到这个组件中
 * @ConfigurationProperties：告诉SpringBoot将本类中的所有属性和配置文件中相关的配置进行绑定；
　　默认在全局配置文件中获取值的
 *      prefix = "person"：配置文件中哪个下面的所有属性进行一一映射
 *
 * 只有这个组件是容器中的组件，才能容器提供的@ConfigurationProperties功能；

@Component

* */

person:
    lastName: hello
    age: 18
    boss: false
    birth: 2017/12/12
    maps: {k1: v1,k2: 12}
    lists:
      - lisi
      - zhaoliu
    dog:
      name: 小狗
      age: 12

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
public class Person {

    private String lastName;
    private Integer age;
    private Boolean boss;
    private Date birth;

    private Map<String,Object> maps;
    private List<Object> lists;
    private Dog dog;

配置文件yml还是properties他们都能获取到值；

如果说，我们只是在某个业务逻辑中需要获取一下配置文件中的某项值，使用@Value；

如果说，我们专门编写了一个javaBean来和配置文件进行映射，我们就直接使用@ConfigurationProperties

@Component
@Validated//表示里面的value需要进行JSR303数据校验，就是下面的@Email
public class Person {

    /**
     * <bean class="Person">
     *      <property name="lastName" value="字面量/${key}从环境变量、配置文件中获取值/#{SpEL}"></property>
     * <bean/>
     */

   //lastName必须是邮箱格式
    @Email
    //@Value("${person.last-name}")
    private String lastName;
    //@Value("#{11*2}")
    private Integer age;
    //@Value("true")
    private Boolean boss;

    private Date birth;
    private Map<String,Object> maps;
    private List<Object> lists;
    private Dog dog;

/**
 * 将配置文件中配置的每一个属性的值，映射到这个组件中
 * @ConfigurationProperties：告诉SpringBoot将本类中的所有属性和配置文件中相关的配置进行绑定；
 *      prefix = "person"：配置文件中哪个下面的所有属性进行一一映射
 *
 * 只有这个组件是容器中的组件，才能容器提供的@ConfigurationProperties功能；
 *  @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")默认从全局配置文件中获取值；
 *
 */

@PropertySource(value = {"classpath:person.properties"})//classpath表示的是main路径下的
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
//@Validated
public class Person {

@ImportResource(locations = {"classpath:beans.xml"})
导入Spring的配置文件让其生效

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">


    <bean id="helloService" class="com.atguigu.springboot.service.HelloService"></bean>
</beans>

/**
 * @Configuration：指明当前类是一个配置类；就是来替代之前的Spring配置文件
 *
 * 在配置文件中用<bean><bean/>标签添加组件
 *
 */
@Configuration
public class MyAppConfig {

    //将方法的返回值添加到容器中；容器中这个组件默认的id就是方法名
    @Bean
    public HelloService helloService02(){
        System.out.println("配置类@Bean给容器中添加组件了...");
        return new HelloService();
    }
}

编写不同环境的配置文件：
application-dev.properties

在默认的全局配置文件当中
即application.properties中配置：
在配置文件中指定  spring.profiles.active=dev

server:
  port: 8081
spring:
  profiles:
    active: prod

---
server:
  port: 8083
spring:
  profiles: dev


---

server:
  port: 8084
spring:
  profiles: prod  #指定属于哪个环境

**项目打包好以后，我们可以使用命令行参数的形式，启动项目的时候来指定配置文件的新位置；
指定配置文件和默认加载的这些配置文件共同起作用形成互补配置；**

java -jar spring-boot-02-config-02-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar 
--spring.config.location=G:/application.properties

jar --jfijeifjie  --server.port= 8089 命令行

        public Iterable<Entry> selectImports() {
            if (this.autoConfigurationEntries.isEmpty()) {
                return Collections.emptyList();
            } else {
                Set<String> allExclusions = (Set)this.autoConfigurationEntries.stream().map(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry::getExclusions).flatMap(Collection::stream).collect(Collectors.toSet());
                Set<String> processedConfigurations = (Set)this.autoConfigurationEntries.stream().map(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry::getConfigurations).flatMap(Collection::stream).collect(Collectors.toCollection(LinkedHashSet::new));
                processedConfigurations.removeAll(allExclusions);
                return (Iterable)this.sortAutoConfigurations(processedConfigurations, this.getAutoConfigurationMetadata()).stream().map((importClassName) -> {
                    return new Entry((AnnotationMetadata)this.entries.get(importClassName), importClassName);
                }).collect(Collectors.toList());
            }
        }

    protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
        List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(this.getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), this.getBeanClassLoader());
        Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
        return configurations;
    }

SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames()
扫描所有jar包类路径下  META-INF/spring.factories
把扫描到的这些文件的内容包装成properties对象
从properties中获取到EnableAutoConfiguration.class类（类名）对应的值，然后把他们添加在容器中

# PropertySource Loaders
org.springframework.boot.env.PropertySourceLoader=org.springframework.boot.env.PropertiesPropertySourceLoader,org.springframework.boot.env.YamlPropertySourceLoader

# Run Listeners
org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListener=org.springframework.boot.context.event.EventPublishingRunListener

# Error Reporters
org.springframework.boot.SpringBootExceptionReporter=org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.FailureAnalyzers

# Application Context Initializers
org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer=org.springframework.boot.context.ConfigurationWarningsApplicationContextInitializer,org.springframework.boot.context.ContextIdApplicationContextInitializer,org.springframework.boot.context.config.DelegatingApplicationContextInitializer,org.springframework.boot.rsocket.context.RSocketPortInfoApplicationContextInitializer,org.springframework.boot.web.context.ServerPortInfoApplicationContextInitializer

# Application Listeners
org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener=org.springframework.boot.ClearCachesApplicationListener,org.springframework.boot.builder.ParentContextCloserApplicationListener,org.springframework.boot.cloud.CloudFoundryVcapEnvironmentPostProcessor,org.springframework.boot.context.FileEncodingApplicationListener,org.springframework.boot.context.config.AnsiOutputApplicationListener,org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigFileApplicationListener,org.springframework.boot.context.config.DelegatingApplicationListener,org.springframework.boot.context.logging.ClasspathLoggingApplicationListener,org.springframework.boot.context.logging.LoggingApplicationListener,org.springframework.boot.liquibase.LiquibaseServiceLocatorApplicationListener

# Environment Post Processors
org.springframework.boot.env.EnvironmentPostProcessor=org.springframework.boot.cloud.CloudFoundryVcapEnvironmentPostProcessor,org.springframework.boot.env.SpringApplicationJsonEnvironmentPostProcessor,org.springframework.boot.env.SystemEnvironmentPropertySourceEnvironmentPostProcessor,org.springframework.boot.reactor.DebugAgentEnvironmentPostProcessor

# Failure Analyzers
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.FailureAnalyzer=org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.BeanCurrentlyInCreationFailureAnalyzer,org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.BeanDefinitionOverrideFailureAnalyzer,org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.BeanNotOfRequiredTypeFailureAnalyzer,org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.BindFailureAnalyzer,org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.BindValidationFailureAnalyzer,org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.UnboundConfigurationPropertyFailureAnalyzer,org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.ConnectorStartFailureAnalyzer,org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.NoSuchMethodFailureAnalyzer,org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionFailureAnalyzer,org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.PortInUseFailureAnalyzer,org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.ValidationExceptionFailureAnalyzer,org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.InvalidConfigurationPropertyNameFailureAnalyzer,org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.InvalidConfigurationPropertyValueFailureAnalyzer

# FailureAnalysisReporters
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.FailureAnalysisReporter=org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.LoggingFailureAnalysisReporter

//表示这是一个配置类，以前编写的配置文件一样，也可以给容器中添加组件
@Configuration(
    proxyBeanMethods = false
)

 //启动指定类的ConfigurationProperties功能；将配置文件中对应的值和HttpEncodingProperties绑定起来；
并把HttpEncodingProperties加入到ioc容器中
@EnableConfigurationProperties({ServerProperties.class})

/Spring底层@Conditional注解（Spring注解版），根据不同的条件，如果满足指定的条件，整个配置类里面的配置
就会生效；    判断当前应用是否是web应用，如果是，当前配置类生效
@ConditionalOnWebApplication(
    type = Type.SERVLET
)

//判断当前项目有没有这个类CharacterEncodingFilter；SpringMVC中进行乱码解决的过滤器；

@ConditionalOnClass({CharacterEncodingFilter.class})


//判断配置文件中是否存在某个配置  spring.http.encoding.enabled；如果不存在，判断也是成立的
//即使我们配置文件中不配置pring.http.encoding.enabled=true，也是默认生效的；
@ConditionalOnProperty(
    prefix = "server.servlet.encoding",
    value = {"enabled"},
    matchIfMissing = true
)
public class HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration {
    //他已经和SpringBoot的配置文件映射了
    private final Encoding properties;

      //只有一个有参构造器的情况下，参数的值就会从容器中拿
    public HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration(ServerProperties properties) {
        this.properties = properties.getServlet().getEncoding();
    }

    @Bean//给容器中添加一个组件，这个组件的某些值需要从properties中获取

//判断容器没有这个组件？
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    public CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter() {
        CharacterEncodingFilter filter = new OrderedCharacterEncodingFilter();
        filter.setEncoding(this.properties.getCharset().name());
        filter.setForceRequestEncoding(this.properties.shouldForce(org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.server.Encoding.Type.REQUEST));
        filter.setForceResponseEncoding(this.properties.shouldForce(org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.server.Encoding.Type.RESPONSE));
        return filter;
    }

============================
CONDITIONS EVALUATION REPORT
============================


Positive matches:   //自动加载启用的配置累
-----------------

   AopAutoConfiguration matched:
      - @ConditionalOnProperty (spring.aop.auto=true) matched (OnPropertyCondition)

   AopAutoConfiguration.ClassProxyingConfiguration matched:
      - @ConditionalOnMissingClass did not find unwanted class ‘org.aspectj.weaver.Advice‘ (OnClassCondition)
      - @ConditionalOnProperty (spring.aop.proxy-target-class=true) matched (OnPropertyCondition)

   DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration matched:
      - @ConditionalOnClass found required class ‘org.springframework.web

Negative matches:自动加载不启用，不满足condition条件的
-----------------

   ActiveMQAutoConfiguration:
      Did not match:
         - @ConditionalOnClass did not find required class ‘javax.jms.ConnectionFactory‘ (OnClassCondition)

   AopAutoConfiguration.AspectJAutoProxyingConfiguration:
      Did not match:
         - @ConditionalOnClass did not find required class ‘org.aspectj.weaver.Advice‘ (OnClassCondition)