结合中断上下文切换和进程上下文切换分析Linux内核的一般执行过程

long _do_fork(struct kernel_clone_args *args)
{
    u64 clone_flags = args->flags;
    struct completion vfork;
    struct pid *pid;
    struct task_struct *p;
    int trace = 0;
    long nr;

    /*
     * Determine whether and which event to report to ptracer.  When
     * called from kernel_thread or CLONE_UNTRACED is explicitly
     * requested, no event is reported; otherwise, report if the event
     * for the type of forking is enabled.
     */
    if (!(clone_flags & CLONE_UNTRACED)) {
        if (clone_flags & CLONE_VFORK)
            trace = PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK;
        else if (args->exit_signal != SIGCHLD)
            trace = PTRACE_EVENT_CLONE;
        else
            trace = PTRACE_EVENT_FORK;

        if (likely(!ptrace_event_enabled(current, trace)))
            trace = 0;
    }
    p = copy_process(NULL, trace, NUMA_NO_NODE, args);
    add_latent_entropy();

    if (IS_ERR(p))
        return PTR_ERR(p);

    /*
     * Do this prior waking up the new thread - the thread pointer
     * might get invalid after that point, if the thread exits quickly.
     */
    trace_sched_process_fork(current, p);
    pid = get_task_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PID);
    nr = pid_vnr(pid);

    if (clone_flags & CLONE_PARENT_SETTID)
        put_user(nr, args->parent_tid);
    if (clone_flags & CLONE_VFORK) {
        p->vfork_done = &vfork;
        init_completion(&vfork);
        get_task_struct(p);
    }
    wake_up_new_task(p);

    /* forking complete and child started to run, tell ptracer */
    if (unlikely(trace))
        ptrace_event_pid(trace, pid);
    if (clone_flags & CLONE_VFORK) {
        if (!wait_for_vfork_done(p, &vfork))
            ptrace_event_pid(PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK_DONE, pid);
    }

    put_pid(pid);
    return nr;
}

static __latent_entropy struct task_struct *copy_process(
struct pid *pid,
int trace,
int node,
struct kernel_clone_args *args)
{
p = dup_task_struct(current, node);
/* copy all the process information */
shm_init_task(p);
…
retval = copy_thread_tls(clone_flags, args->stack, args->stack_size, p,
args->tls);
…
return p;
}

static int exec_binprm(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
{
    pid_t old_pid, old_vpid;
    int ret;

    /* Need to fetch pid before load_binary changes it */
    old_pid = current->pid;
    rcu_read_lock();
    old_vpid = task_pid_nr_ns(current, task_active_pid_ns(current->parent));
    rcu_read_unlock();

    ret = search_binary_handler(bprm);
    if (ret >= 0) {
        audit_bprm(bprm);
        trace_sched_process_exec(current, old_pid, bprm);
        ptrace_event(PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC, old_vpid);
        proc_exec_connector(current);
    }

    return ret;
}