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语言标准编码( List of ISO 639-1 codes)

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ISO 639 is a standardized nomenclature used to classify all known languages. Each language is assigned a 2-letter (639-1) and 3-letter (639-2 and 639-3), lowercase abbreviation, amended in later versions of the nomenclature. The system is highly useful for linguists and ethnographers to categorize the languages spoken on a regional basis, and to compute analysis in the field of lexicostatistics. ISO 639 has five code lists.

 

Partial ISO 639 table[edit]

This table lists all of:

And some of:

  • ISO 639-2/T: three-letter codes, for the same languages as 639-1
  • ISO 639-2/B: three-letter codes, mostly the same as 639-2/T, but with some codes derived from English names rather than native names of languages (in the following table, these differing codes are highlighted in boldface)
  • ISO 639-3: three-letter codes, the same as 639-2/T for languages, but with distinct codes for each variety of an ISO 639 macrolanguage

Note: Colors on the leftmost column represent the language family mentioned in second column.

 Language familyLanguage nameNative name639-1639-2/T639-2/B639-3639-6Notes
  Northwest Caucasian Abkhaz а?суа бызш?а, а?сш?а ab abk abk abk abks  
  Afro-Asiatic Afar Afaraf aa aar aar aar aars  
  Indo-European Afrikaans Afrikaans af afr afr afr afrs  
  Niger–Congo Akan Akan ak aka aka aka + 2   macrolanguage, Twi is [tw/twi], Fanti is [fat]
  Indo-European Albanian Shqip sq sqi alb sqi + 4   macrolanguage, "Albanian Phylozone" in 639-6
  Afro-Asiatic Amharic ???? am amh amh amh    
  Afro-Asiatic Arabic
???????
ar ara ara ara + 30   macrolanguage, Standard Arabic is [arb]
  Indo-European Aragonese aragonés an arg arg arg    
  Indo-European Armenian ??????? hy hye arm hye    
  Indo-European Assamese ??????? as asm asm asm    
  Northeast Caucasian Avaric авар мац?, маг?арул мац? av ava ava ava    
  Indo-European Avestan avesta ae ave ave ave   ancient
  Aymaran Aymara aymar aru ay aym aym aym + 2   macrolanguage
  Turkic Azerbaijani az?rbaycan dili az aze aze aze + 2   macrolanguage
  Niger–Congo Bambara bamanankan bm bam bam bam    
  Turkic Bashkir баш?орт теле ba bak bak bak    
  Language isolate Basque euskara, euskera eu eus baq eus    
  Indo-European Belarusian беларуская мова be bel bel bel    
  Indo-European Bengali, Bangla ????? bn ben ben ben    
  Indo-European Bihari ??????? bh bih bih     Collective language code for Bhojpuri, Magahi, and Maithili
  Creole Bislama Bislama bi bis bis bis    
  Indo-European Bosnian bosanski jezik bs bos bos bos boss  
  Indo-European Breton brezhoneg br bre bre bre    
  Indo-European Bulgarian български език bg bul bul bul buls  
  Sino-Tibetan Burmese ????? my mya bur mya    
  Indo-European Catalan, Valencian català, valencià ca cat cat cat    
  Austronesian Chamorro Chamoru ch cha cha cha    
  Northeast Caucasian Chechen нохчийн мотт ce che che che    
  Niger–Congo Chichewa, Chewa, Nyanja chiChe?a, chinyanja ny nya nya nya    
  Sino-Tibetan Chinese 中文 (Zhōngwén), 汉语, 漢語 zh zho chi zho + 13   macrolanguage
  Turkic Chuvash ч?ваш ч?лхи cv chv chv chv    
  Indo-European Cornish Kernewek kw cor cor cor    
  Indo-European Corsican corsu, lingua corsa co cos cos cos    
  Algonquian Cree ??????? cr cre cre cre + 6   macrolanguage
  Indo-European Croatian hrvatski jezik hr hrv hrv hrv    
  Indo-European Czech ?eština, ?eský jazyk cs ces cze ces    
  Indo-European Danish dansk da dan dan dan    
  Indo-European Divehi, Dhivehi, Maldivian
??????
dv div div div    
  Indo-European Dutch Nederlands, Vlaams nl nld dut nld    
  Sino-Tibetan Dzongkha ?????? dz dzo dzo dzo    
  Indo-European English English en eng eng eng engs  
  Constructed Esperanto Esperanto eo epo epo epo   constructed, initiated from L.L. Zamenhof, 1887
  Uralic Estonian eesti, eesti keel et est est est + 2   macrolanguage
  Niger–Congo Ewe E?egbe ee ewe ewe ewe    
  Indo-European Faroese føroyskt fo fao fao fao    
  Austronesian Fijian vosa Vakaviti fj fij fij fij    
  Uralic Finnish suomi, suomen kieli fi fin fin fin    
  Indo-European French français, langue française fr fra fre fra fras  
  Niger–Congo Fula, Fulah, Pulaar, Pular Fulfulde, Pulaar, Pular ff ful ful ful + 9   macrolanguage
  Indo-European Galician galego gl glg glg glg    
  South Caucasian Georgian ??????? ka kat geo kat    
  Indo-European German Deutsch de deu ger deu deus  
  Indo-European Greek (modern) ελληνικ? el ell gre ell ells  
  Tupian Guaraní Avañe‘? gn grn grn grn + 5   macrolanguage
  Indo-European Gujarati ??????? gu guj guj guj    
  Creole Haitian, Haitian Creole Kreyòl ayisyen ht hat hat hat    
  Afro-Asiatic Hausa
(Hausa) ??????
ha hau hau hau    
  Afro-Asiatic Hebrew (modern)
?????
he heb heb heb    
  Niger–Congo Herero Otjiherero hz her her her    
  Indo-European Hindi ??????, ????? hi hin hin hin hins  
  Austronesian Hiri Motu Hiri Motu ho hmo hmo hmo    
  Uralic Hungarian magyar hu hun hun hun    
  Constructed Interlingua Interlingua ia ina ina ina   constructed by International Auxiliary Language Association
  Austronesian Indonesian Bahasa Indonesia id ind ind ind   Covered by macrolanguage [ms/msa]
  Constructed Interlingue Originally called Occidental; then Interlingue after WWII ie ile ile ile   constructed by Edgar de Wahl, first published in 1922
  Indo-European Irish Gaeilge ga gle gle gle    
  Niger–Congo Igbo As?s? Igbo ig ibo ibo ibo    
  Eskimo–Aleut Inupiaq Iñupiaq, Iñupiatun ik ipk ipk ipk + 2   macrolanguage
  Constructed Ido Ido io ido ido ido idos constructed by De Beaufront, 1907, as variation of Esperanto
  Indo-European Icelandic Íslenska is isl ice isl    
  Indo-European Italian italiano it ita ita ita itas  
  Eskimo–Aleut Inuktitut ?????? iu iku iku iku + 2   macrolanguage
  Japonic Japanese 日本語 (にほんご) ja jpn jpn jpn    
  Austronesian Javanese basa Jawa jv jav jav jav    
  Eskimo–Aleut Kalaallisut, Greenlandic kalaallisut, kalaallit oqaasii kl kal kal kal    
  Dravidian Kannada ????? kn kan kan kan    
  Nilo-Saharan Kanuri Kanuri kr kau kau kau + 3   macrolanguage
  Indo-European Kashmiri ???????, ??????‎ ks kas kas kas    
  Turkic Kazakh ?аза? т?л? kk kaz kaz kaz    
  Austroasiatic Khmer ?????, ????????, ????????? km khm khm khm   a.k.a. Cambodian
  Niger–Congo Kikuyu, Gikuyu G?k?y? ki kik kik kik    
  Niger–Congo Kinyarwanda Ikinyarwanda rw kin kin kin    
  Turkic Kyrgyz Кыргызча, Кыргыз тили ky kir kir kir    
  Uralic Komi коми кыв kv kom kom kom + 2   macrolanguage
  Niger–Congo Kongo Kikongo kg kon kon kon + 3   macrolanguage
  Koreanic Korean ???, ??? ko kor kor kor    
  Indo-European Kurdish Kurdî, ?????‎ ku kur kur kur + 3   macrolanguage
  Niger–Congo Kwanyama, Kuanyama Kuanyama kj kua kua kua    
  Indo-European Latin latine, lingua latina la lat lat lat lats ancient
  Indo-European Luxembourgish, Letzeburgesch Lëtzebuergesch lb ltz ltz ltz    
  Niger–Congo Ganda Luganda lg lug lug lug    
  Indo-European Limburgish, Limburgan, Limburger Limburgs li lim lim lim    
  Niger–Congo Lingala Lingála ln lin lin lin    
  Tai–Kadai Lao ??????? lo lao lao lao    
  Indo-European Lithuanian lietuvi? kalba lt lit lit lit    
  Niger–Congo Luba-Katanga Tshiluba lu lub lub lub    
  Indo-European Latvian latviešu valoda lv lav lav lav + 2   macrolanguage
  Indo-European Manx Gaelg, Gailck gv glv glv glv    
  Indo-European Macedonian македонски ?азик mk mkd mac mkd    
  Austronesian Malagasy fiteny malagasy mg mlg mlg mlg + 10   macrolanguage
  Austronesian Malay bahasa Melayu, ???? ?????‎ ms msa may msa + 13   macrolanguage, Standard Malay is [zsm], Indonesian is [id/ind]
  Dravidian Malayalam ?????? ml mal mal mal    
  Afro-Asiatic Maltese Malti mt mlt mlt mlt    
  Austronesian Māori te reo Māori mi mri mao mri    
  Indo-European Marathi (Marā?hī) ????? mr mar mar mar    
  Austronesian Marshallese Kajin M?aje? mh mah mah mah    
  Mongolic Mongolian монгол mn mon mon mon + 2   macrolanguage
  Austronesian Nauru Ekakair? Naoero na nau nau nau    
  Dené–Yeniseian Navajo, Navaho Diné bizaad, Dinék?eh?í nv nav nav nav    
  Niger–Congo Northern Ndebele isiNdebele nd nde nde nde    
  Indo-European Nepali ?????? ne nep nep nep    
  Niger–Congo Ndonga Owambo ng ndo ndo ndo    
  Indo-European Norwegian Bokmål Norsk bokmål nb nob nob nob   Covered by macrolanguage [no/nor]
  Indo-European Norwegian Nynorsk Norsk nynorsk nn nno nno nno   Covered by macrolanguage [no/nor]
  Indo-European Norwegian Norsk no nor nor nor + 2   macrolanguage, Bokmål is [nb/nob], Nynorsk is [nn/nno]
  Sino-Tibetan Nuosu ??? Nuosuhxop ii iii iii iii   Standard form of Yi languages
  Niger–Congo Southern Ndebele isiNdebele nr nbl nbl nbl    
  Indo-European Occitan occitan, lenga d‘òc oc oci oci oci    
  Algonquian Ojibwe, Ojibwa ???????? oj oji oji oji + 7   macrolanguage
  Indo-European Old Church Slavonic, Church Slavonic, Old Bulgarian ?зыкъ слов?ньскъ cu chu chu chu   ancient, in use by Orthodox Church
  Afro-Asiatic Oromo Afaan Oromoo om orm orm orm + 4   macrolanguage
  Indo-European Oriya ????? or ori ori ori    
  Indo-European Ossetian, Ossetic ирон æвзаг os oss oss oss    
  Indo-European Panjabi, Punjabi ??????, ??????‎ pa pan pan pan    
  Indo-European Pāli ???? pi pli pli pli   ancient
  Indo-European Persian (Farsi)
?????
fa fas per fas + 2   macrolanguage
  Indo-European Polish j?zyk polski, polszczyzna pl pol pol pol pols  
  Indo-European Pashto, Pushto
????
ps pus pus pus + 3   macrolanguage
  Indo-European Portuguese português pt por por por    
  Quechuan Quechua Runa Simi, Kichwa qu que que que + 44   macrolanguage
  Indo-European Romansh rumantsch grischun rm roh roh roh    
  Niger–Congo Kirundi Ikirundi rn run run run    
  Indo-European Romanian limba român? ro ron rum ron   [mo] for Moldavian has been withdrawn, recommending [ro] also for Moldavian
  Indo-European Russian русский язык ru rus rus rus    
  Indo-European Sanskrit (Sa?sk?ta) ????????? sa san san san   ancient, still spoken
  Indo-European Sardinian sardu sc srd srd srd + 4   macrolanguage
  Indo-European Sindhi ??????, ????? ?????‎ sd snd snd snd    
  Uralic Northern Sami Davvisámegiella se sme sme sme    
  Austronesian Samoan gagana fa‘a Samoa sm smo smo smo    
  Creole Sango yângâ tî sängö sg sag sag sag    
  Indo-European Serbian српски ?език sr srp srp srp   The ISO 639-2/T code srp deprecated the ISO 639-2/B code scc[1]
  Indo-European Scottish Gaelic, Gaelic Gàidhlig gd gla gla gla    
  Niger–Congo Shona chiShona sn sna sna sna    
  Indo-European Sinhala, Sinhalese ????? si sin sin sin    
  Indo-European Slovak sloven?ina, slovenský jazyk sk slk slo slk    
  Indo-European Slovene slovenski jezik, slovenš?ina sl slv slv slv    
  Afro-Asiatic Somali Soomaaliga, af Soomaali so som som som    
  Niger–Congo Southern Sotho Sesotho st sot sot sot    
  Indo-European Spanish, Castilian español, castellano es spa spa spa    
  Austronesian Sundanese Basa Sunda su sun sun sun    
  Niger–Congo Swahili Kiswahili sw swa swa swa + 2   macrolanguage
  Niger–Congo Swati SiSwati ss ssw ssw ssw    
  Indo-European Swedish Svenska sv swe swe swe    
  Dravidian Tamil ????? ta tam tam tam    
  Dravidian Telugu ?????? te tel tel tel    
  Indo-European Tajik то?ик?, to?ikī, ??????‎ tg tgk tgk tgk    
  Tai–Kadai Thai ??? th tha tha tha    
  Afro-Asiatic Tigrinya ???? ti tir tir tir    
  Sino-Tibetan Tibetan Standard, Tibetan, Central ??????? bo bod tib bod    
  Turkic Turkmen Türkmen, Т?ркмен tk tuk tuk tuk    
  Austronesian Tagalog Wikang Tagalog, ????? ?????? tl tgl tgl tgl   Note: Filipino (Pilipino) has the code [fil]
  Niger–Congo Tswana Setswana tn tsn tsn tsn    
  Austronesian Tonga (Tonga Islands) faka Tonga to ton ton ton    
  Turkic Turkish Türkçe tr tur tur tur    
  Niger–Congo Tsonga Xitsonga ts tso tso tso    
  Turkic Tatar татар теле, tatar tele tt tat tat tat    
  Niger–Congo Twi Twi tw twi twi twi   Covered by macrolanguage [ak/aka]
  Austronesian Tahitian Reo Tahiti ty tah tah tah   One of the Reo Mā`ohi (languages of French Polynesia)
  Turkic Uyghur, Uighur Uy?urq?, ????????‎ ug uig uig uig    
  Indo-European Ukrainian укра?нська мова uk ukr ukr ukr    
  Indo-European Urdu
????
ur urd urd urd    
  Turkic Uzbek O‘zbek, ?збек, ??????‎ uz uzb uzb uzb + 2   macrolanguage
  Niger–Congo Venda Tshiven?a ve ven ven ven    
  Austroasiatic Vietnamese Ti?ng Vi?t vi vie vie vie    
  Constructed Volapük Volapük vo vol vol vol   constructed
  Indo-European Walloon walon wa wln wln wln    
  Indo-European Welsh Cymraeg cy cym wel cym    
  Niger–Congo Wolof Wollof wo wol wol wol    
  Indo-European Western Frisian Frysk fy fry fry fry    
  Niger–Congo Xhosa isiXhosa xh xho xho xho    
  Indo-European Yiddish
??????
yi yid yid yid + 2   macrolanguage
  Niger–Congo Yoruba Yorùbá yo yor yor yor    
  Tai–Kadai Zhuang, Chuang Sa? cue??, Saw cuengh za zha zha zha + 16   macrolanguage
  Niger–Congo Zulu isiZulu zu zul zul zul    

 出自: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ISO_639-1_codes

语言标准编码( List of ISO 639-1 codes)

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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/zhuimengke/p/4086379.html

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