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Python爬虫实战案例:爬取新闻资讯

时间:2020-07-11 22:35:07      阅读:73      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

标签:dom   ons   meta   实战案例   time   pre   字符   yield   tail   

前言

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一个简单的Python资讯采集案例,列表页到详情页,到数据保存,保存为txt文档,网站网页结构算是比较规整,简单清晰明了,资讯新闻内容的采集和保存!

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应用到的库

requests,time,re,UserAgent,etree

import requests,time,re
from fake_useragent import UserAgent
from lxml import etree

列表页面

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列表页,链接xpath解析

href_list=req.xpath(‘//ul[@class="news-list"]/li/a/@href‘)

详情页

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内容xpath解析

h2=req.xpath(‘//div[@class="title-box"]/h2/text()‘)[0]
author=req.xpath(‘//div[@class="title-box"]/span[@class="news-from"]/text()‘)[0]
details=req.xpath(‘//div[@class="content-l detail"]/p/text()‘)

内容格式化处理

detail=‘\n‘.join(details)

标题格式化处理,替换非法字符

pattern = r"[\/\\\:\*\?\"\<\>\|]"
new_title = re.sub(pattern, "_", title) # 替换为下划线

保存数据,保存为txt文本

def save(self,h2, author, detail):
with open(f‘{h2}.txt‘,‘w‘,encoding=‘utf-8‘) as f:
f.write(‘%s%s%s%s%s‘%(h2,‘\n‘,detail,‘\n‘,author))


print(f"保存{h2}.txt文本成功!")

遍历数据采集,yield处理

def get_tasks(self):
data_list = self.parse_home_list(self.url)
for item in data_list:
yield item

程序运行效果

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程序采集效果

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附源码参考:

#研招网考研资讯采集
#20200710 by微信:huguo00289
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

import requests,time,re
from fake_useragent import UserAgent
from lxml import etree

class RandomHeaders(object):
ua=UserAgent()
@property
def random_headers(self):
return {
‘User-Agent‘: self.ua.random,
}

class Spider(RandomHeaders):
def __init__(self,url):
self.url=url


def parse_home_list(self,url):
response=requests.get(url,headers=self.random_headers).content.decode(‘utf-8‘)
req=etree.HTML(response)
href_list=req.xpath(‘//ul[@class="news-list"]/li/a/@href‘)
print(href_list)
for href in href_list:
item = self.parse_detail(f‘https://yz.chsi.com.cn{href}‘)
yield item


def parse_detail(self,url):
print(f">>正在爬取{url}")
try:
response = requests.get(url, headers=self.random_headers).content.decode(‘utf-8‘)
time.sleep(2)
except Exception as e:
print(e.args)
self.parse_detail(url)
else:
req = etree.HTML(response)
try:
h2=req.xpath(‘//div[@class="title-box"]/h2/text()‘)[0]
h2=self.validate_title(h2)
author=req.xpath(‘//div[@class="title-box"]/span[@class="news-from"]/text()‘)[0]
details=req.xpath(‘//div[@class="content-l detail"]/p/text()‘)
detail=‘\n‘.join(details)
print(h2, author, detail)
self.save(h2, author, detail)
return h2, author, detail
except IndexError:
print(">>>采集出错需延时,5s后重试..")
time.sleep(5)
self.parse_detail(url)


@staticmethod
def validate_title(title):
pattern = r"[\/\\\:\*\?\"\<\>\|]"
new_title = re.sub(pattern, "_", title) # 替换为下划线
return new_title



def save(self,h2, author, detail):
with open(f‘{h2}.txt‘,‘w‘,encoding=‘utf-8‘) as f:
f.write(‘%s%s%s%s%s‘%(h2,‘\n‘,detail,‘\n‘,author))

print(f"保存{h2}.txt文本成功!")


def get_tasks(self):
data_list = self.parse_home_list(self.url)
for item in data_list:
yield item




if __name__=="__main__":
url="https://yz.chsi.com.cn/kyzx/jyxd/"
spider=Spider(url)
for data in spider.get_tasks():
print(data)

Python爬虫实战案例:爬取新闻资讯

标签:dom   ons   meta   实战案例   time   pre   字符   yield   tail   

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zwhy8/p/13285708.html

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