标签：exp tin 虚拟环境 activator sql pycha ash power fish
在使用 Python 开发的过程中，工程一多，难免会碰到不同的工程依赖不同版本的库的问题；亦或者是在开发过程中不想让物理环境里充斥各种各样的库，引发未来的依赖灾难。此时，我们需要对于不同的工程使用不同的虚拟环境来保持开发环境以及宿主环境的清洁。
virtualenv是一个可以帮助我们管理不同 Python 环境,可以在系统中建立多个不同并且相互不干扰的虚拟环境。
指定清华源下载pip的包
root@darren-virtual-machine:~# pip3 install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple virtualenv
升级pip工具
root@darren-virtual-machine:~# pip3 install --upgrade pip
root@darren-virtual-machine:~# pip3 install virtualenv
root@darren-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/drfdemo# virtualenv --python=python3 venv
created virtual environment CPython3.6.9.final.0-64 in 371ms creator CPython3Posix(dest=/root/PycharmProjects/drfdemo/venv, clear=False, global=False) seeder FromAppData(download=False, pip=latest, setuptools=latest, wheel=latest, via=copy, app_data_dir=/root/.local/share/virtualenv/seed-app-data/v1.0.1) activators BashActivator,CShellActivator,FishActivator,PowerShellActivator,PythonActivator,XonshActivator
root@darren-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/drfdemo# ll
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 4月 12 10:28 venv/
进入虚拟环境
root@darren-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/drfdemo# source venv/bin/activate
使用虚拟环境安装第三方包
(venv) root@darren-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/drfdemo# pip3 install django==1.9.8
查看
(venv) root@darren-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/drfdemo# pip3 list
Package Version ---------- ------- Django 1.9.8 pip 20.0.2 setuptools 46.1.3 wheel 0.34.2
退出虚拟环境
(venv) root@darren-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/drfdemo# deactivate
安装虚拟环境virtualenvwrapper
virtualenv 的一个最大的缺点就是：
每次开启虚拟环境之前要去虚拟环境所在目录下的 bin 目录下 source 一下 activate，这就需要我们记住每个虚拟环境所在的目录。
并且还有可能你忘记了虚拟环境放在哪。。。
root@darren-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/drfdemo# pip3 install virtualenvwrapper
设置Linux的用户个人配置文件
export WORKON_HOME=~/Envs # 设置virtualenv的统一管理目录, 以后自动下载的虚拟环境，全部都放在这 export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_VIRTUALENV_ARGS=‘‘ # 添加virtualenvwrapper的参数，生成干净隔绝的环境 export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3
执行virtualenvwrapper安装脚本
(drfdemo) root@darren-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/drfdemo# source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
(drfdemo) root@darren-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/drfdemo# source /root/.bashrc
root@darren-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/drfdemo# mkvirtualenv drfdemo -p python3
created virtual environment CPython3.6.9.final.0-64 in 325ms creator CPython3Posix(dest=/root/Envs/drfdemo, clear=False, global=False) seeder FromAppData(download=False, pip=latest, setuptools=latest, wheel=latest, via=copy, app_data_dir=/root/.local/share/virtualenv/seed-app-data/v1.0.1) activators BashActivator,CShellActivator,FishActivator,PowerShellActivator,PythonActivator,XonshActivator virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/Envs/drfdemo/bin/predeactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/Envs/drfdemo/bin/postdeactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/Envs/drfdemo/bin/preactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/Envs/drfdemo/bin/postactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/Envs/drfdemo/bin/get_env_details
(drfdemo) root@darren-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/drfdemo# pip3 list
Package Version ---------- ------- pip 20.0.2 setuptools 46.1.3 wheel 0.34.2
安装一个第三方插件
(drfdemo) root@darren-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/drfdemo# pip3 install django
(drfdemo) root@darren-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/drfdemo# pip3 install django Collecting django Using cached Django-3.0.5-py3-none-any.whl (7.5 MB) Collecting asgiref~=3.2 Using cached asgiref-3.2.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl (19 kB) Collecting pytz Using cached pytz-2019.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (509 kB) Collecting sqlparse>=0.2.2 Using cached sqlparse-0.3.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (40 kB) Installing collected packages: asgiref, pytz, sqlparse, django Successfully installed asgiref-3.2.7 django-3.0.5 pytz-2019.3 sqlparse-0.3.1
(drfdemo) root@darren-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/drfdemo# pip3 list
Package Version ---------- ------- asgiref 3.2.7 Django 3.0.5 pip 20.0.2 pytz 2019.3 setuptools 46.1.3 sqlparse 0.3.1 wheel 0.34.2
退出虚拟环境
(drfdemo) root@darren-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/drfdemo# deactivate
删除虚拟环境
root@darren-virtual-machine:~/PycharmProjects/drfdemo# rmvirtualenv drfdemo
Removing drfdemo...
参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/tiger666/articles/10312546.html
标签：exp tin 虚拟环境 activator sql pycha ash power fish
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/wangsirde0428/p/14322944.html
