标签:ssi add 读取 web环境 extc multi 名称 ar9 上下
在介绍spring的启动之前,先来说下启动过程中使用到的几个类
不管是哪种系列的spring(springframework、springmvc、springboot、springcloud),Spring的启动过程主要可以分为两部分:
在一般性的spring项目中,大家应该也都知道,一般是通过直接实例化applicationContext类,来实现项目的启动
下面我们来看下通过注解的方式来启动的情况,注解容器定义如下:
public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Class<?>... componentClasses) {
this();
register(componentClasses);
refresh();
}
public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext() {
this.reader = new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(this);
this.scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this);
}
创建了注解定义bean读取器和配置文件定义bean扫描器
进入该类构造器中,可以看到最终会执行该方法:
public static Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(
BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, @Nullable Object source) {
DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = unwrapDefaultListableBeanFactory(registry);
if (beanFactory != null) {
if (!(beanFactory.getDependencyComparator() instanceof AnnotationAwareOrderComparator)) {
beanFactory.setDependencyComparator(AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);
}
if (!(beanFactory.getAutowireCandidateResolver() instanceof ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver)) {
beanFactory.setAutowireCandidateResolver(new ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver());
}
}
Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefs = new LinkedHashSet<>(8);
if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(CONFIGURATION_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.class);
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, CONFIGURATION_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
}
if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(AUTOWIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, AUTOWIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
}
...
}
注册了6个RootBeanDefinition,即系统级别的BeanDefinition。
同时,经过调用registerPostProcessor->registerBeanDefinition
,可以看到注册BeanDefinition其实就是放到BeanFactory的缓存中。
DefaultListableBeanFactory.java类中
public void registerBeanDefinition(String beanName, BeanDefinition beanDefinition) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
...
this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
...
}
上面的6个beanDefinition的实例参数中都有一个postprocessor后缀的类,我们分别点击进入查看即继承关系,可以看到,最终都继承自``接口
public interface BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor extends BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry var1) throws BeansException;
}
@FunctionalInterface
public interface BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory var1) throws BeansException;
}
1、BeanFactoryPostProcessor是spring初始化bean的扩展点。
官文翻译如下:允许自定义修改应用程序上下文的bean定义,调整上下文的基础bean工厂的bean属性值。应用程序上下文可以在其bean定义中自动检测BeanFactoryPostProcessor bean,并在创建任何其他bean之前先创建BeanFactoryPostProcessor。BeanFactoryPostProcessor可以与bean定义交互并修改bean定义,但绝不能与bean实例交互。这样做可能会导致bean过早实例化,违反容器并导致意外的副作用。如果需要bean实例交互,请考虑实现BeanPostProcessor。实现该接口,可以允许我们的程序获取到BeanFactory,从而修改BeanFactory,可以实现编程式的往Spring容器中添加Bean。
也就是说,我们可以通过实现BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口,获取BeanFactory,操作BeanFactory对象,修改BeanDefinition,但不要去实例化bean。
2、BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor是BeanFactoryPostProcessor的子类,在父类的基础上,增加了新的方法,允许我们获取到BeanDefinitionRegistry,从而编码动态修改BeanDefinition。例如往BeanDefinition中添加一个新的BeanDefinition。
这两个接口是在AbstractApplicationContext#refresh方法中执行到invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);方法时被执行的。
3、示例代码如下:
@Repository
public class OrderDao {
public void query() {
System.out.println("OrderDao query...");
}
}
public class OrderService {
private OrderDao orderDao;
public void setDao(OrderDao orderDao) {
this.orderDao = orderDao;
}
public void init() {
System.out.println("OrderService init...");
}
public void query() {
orderDao.query();
}
}
@Component
public class MyBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor implements BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor {
@Override
public void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) throws BeansException {
//向Spring容器中注册OrderService
BeanDefinition beanDefinition = BeanDefinitionBuilder.genericBeanDefinition(OrderService.class)
//这里的属性名是根据setter方法
.addPropertyReference("dao", "orderDao")
.setInitMethodName("init")
.setScope(BeanDefinition.SCOPE_SINGLETON)
.getBeanDefinition();
registry.registerBeanDefinition("orderService", beanDefinition);
}
@Override
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
// 在这里修改orderService bean的scope为PROTOTYPE
BeanDefinition beanDefinition = beanFactory.getBeanDefinition("orderService");
beanDefinition.setScope(BeanDefinition.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE);
}
}
回到上面,我们拿ConfigurationClassPostProcessor
来说:
在Spring中ConfigurationClassPostProcessor同时实现了BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor接口和其父类接口中的方法。
我们进入到:
private void loadBeanDefinitionsForConfigurationClass(
ConfigurationClass configClass, TrackedConditionEvaluator trackedConditionEvaluator) {
if (trackedConditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(configClass)) {
String beanName = configClass.getBeanName();
if (StringUtils.hasLength(beanName) && this.registry.containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
this.registry.removeBeanDefinition(beanName);
}
this.importRegistry.removeImportingClass(configClass.getMetadata().getClassName());
return;
}
if (configClass.isImported()) {
registerBeanDefinitionForImportedConfigurationClass(configClass);
}
for (BeanMethod beanMethod : configClass.getBeanMethods()) {
loadBeanDefinitionsForBeanMethod(beanMethod);
}
loadBeanDefinitionsFromImportedResources(configClass.getImportedResources());
loadBeanDefinitionsFromRegistrars(configClass.getImportBeanDefinitionRegistrars());
}
其中,我们可以看到:
if (configClass.isImported()) {
registerBeanDefinitionForImportedConfigurationClass(configClass);
}
@Configuration
类中的@bean
注解,将其类注册到容器中if (configClass.isImported()) {
registerBeanDefinitionForImportedConfigurationClass(configClass);
}
这个方法就是正式进行bean的处理的主要逻辑
@Override
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
// Prepare this context for refreshing.
prepareRefresh();
// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
try {
// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Initialize message source for this context.
initMessageSource();
// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
initApplicationEventMulticaster();
// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
onRefresh();
// Check for listener beans and register them.
registerListeners();
// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
// Last step: publish corresponding event.
finishRefresh();
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
}
// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
destroyBeans();
// Reset ‘active‘ flag.
cancelRefresh(ex);
// Propagate exception to caller.
throw ex;
}
finally {
// Reset common introspection caches in Spring‘s core, since we
// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
resetCommonCaches();
}
}
}
前面说的一些扩展点类都是在这里才处理的,spring的扩展机制后面会有专门的文章来讲解。
而在web项目中,我们一般都是使用的spring mvc,Spring Framework本身没有Web功能,Spring MVC使用WebApplicationContext类扩展ApplicationContext,使得拥有web功能。那么,Spring MVC是如何在web环境中创建IoC容器呢?web环境中的IoC容器的结构又是什么结构呢?web环境中,Spring IoC容器是怎么启动呢?
以Tomcat为例,在Web容器中使用Spirng MVC,必须进行四项的配置:
<!-- servlet定义:前端处理器,接受的HTTP请求和转发请求的类 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>court</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<!-- court-servlet.xml:定义WebAppliactionContext上下文中的bean -->
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:court-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>court</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 配置contextConfigLocation初始化参数:指定Spring IoC容器需要读取的定义了非web层的Bean(DAO/Service)的XML文件路径 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/court-service.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 配置ContextLoaderListerner:Spring MVC在Web容器中的启动类,负责Spring IoC容器在Web上下文中的初始化 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
在web.xml配置文件中,有两个主要的配置:ContextLoaderListener和DispatcherServlet。同样的关于spring配置文件的相关配置也有两部分:context-param和DispatcherServlet中的init-param。那么,这两部分的配置有什么区别呢?它们都担任什么样的职责呢?
在Spring MVC中,Spring Context是以父子的继承结构存在的。Web环境中存在一个ROOT Context,这个Context是整个应用的根上下文,是其他context的双亲Context。同时Spring MVC也对应的持有一个独立的Context,它是ROOT Context的子上下文。
对于这样的Context结构在Spring MVC中是如何实现的呢?下面就先从ROOT Context入手,ROOT Context是在ContextLoaderListener中配置的,ContextLoaderListener读取context-param中的contextConfigLocation指定的配置文件,创建ROOT Context。
Spring MVC启动过程大致分为两个过程:
tomcat在启动的时候,会依次执行listeners的初始化,也就是执行该ContextLoaderListener的初始化,最终会调用下面的代码:
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
this.initWebApplicationContext(event.getServletContext());
}
public WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
//PS : ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE=WebApplicationContext.class.getName() + ".ROOT" 根上下文的名称
//PS : 默认情况下,配置文件的位置和名称是: DEFAULT_CONFIG_LOCATION = "/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml"
//在整个web应用中,只能有一个根上下文
if (servletContext.getAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot initialize context because there is already a root application context present - " + "check whether you have multiple ContextLoader* definitions in your web.xml!");
}
Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(ContextLoader.class);
servletContext.log("Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext");
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started");
}
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
// Store context in local instance variable, to guarantee that
// it is available on ServletContext shutdown.
if (this.context == null) {
// 在这里执行了创建WebApplicationContext的操作
this.context = createWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
}
if (this.context instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwac = (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) this.context;
if (!cwac.isActive()) {
// The context has not yet been refreshed -> provide services such as
// setting the parent context, setting the application context id, etc
if (cwac.getParent() == null) {
// The context instance was injected without an explicit parent ->
// determine parent for root web application context, if any.
ApplicationContext parent = loadParentContext(servletContext);
cwac.setParent(parent);
}
configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac, servletContext);
}
}
// PS: 将根上下文放置在servletContext中
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, this.context);
ClassLoader ccl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
if (ccl == ContextLoader.class.getClassLoader()) {
currentContext = this.context;
} else if (ccl != null) {
currentContextPerThread.put(ccl, this.context);
}
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Published root WebApplicationContext as ServletContext attribute with name [" +
WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE + "]");
}
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in " + elapsedTime + " ms");
}
return this.context;
} catch (RuntimeException ex) {
logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, ex);
throw ex;
} catch (Error err) {
logger.error("Context initialization failed", err);
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, err);
throw err;
}
}
我们注意到这样一句configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac, servletContext);
这个就是具体创建容器的方法,我们进入去看看
protected void configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac, ServletContext sc) {
if (ObjectUtils.identityToString(wac).equals(wac.getId())) {
// The application context id is still set to its original default value
// -> assign a more useful id based on available information
String idParam = sc.getInitParameter(CONTEXT_ID_PARAM);
if (idParam != null) {
wac.setId(idParam);
}
else {
// Generate default id...
wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ID_PREFIX +
ObjectUtils.getDisplayString(sc.getContextPath()));
}
}
wac.setServletContext(sc);
String configLocationParam = sc.getInitParameter(CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM);
if (configLocationParam != null) {
wac.setConfigLocation(configLocationParam);
}
// The wac environment‘s #initPropertySources will be called in any case when the context
// is refreshed; do it eagerly here to ensure servlet property sources are in place for
// use in any post-processing or initialization that occurs below prior to #refresh
ConfigurableEnvironment env = wac.getEnvironment();
if (env instanceof ConfigurableWebEnvironment) {
((ConfigurableWebEnvironment) env).initPropertySources(sc, null);
}
customizeContext(sc, wac);
wac.refresh();
}
我们注意到wac.refresh();
看起来是不是有点熟悉了,进入看看:
public final void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
try {
super.refresh();
}
catch (RuntimeException ex) {
WebServer webServer = this.webServer;
if (webServer != null) {
webServer.stop();
}
throw ex;
}
}
这里的super根据继承关系,我们知道,最终就是进入到了springframework中的refresh中,这个方法我们在上面已经说过了。
启动入口方法如下:
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConsulApplication.class, args);
}
通过代码的层层调用,最终会走到这样的代码中:
public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
stopWatch.start();
ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
Collection<SpringBootExceptionReporter> exceptionReporters = new ArrayList();
this.configureHeadlessProperty();
SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = this.getRunListeners(args);
listeners.starting();
Collection exceptionReporters;
try {
ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(args);
ConfigurableEnvironment environment = this.prepareEnvironment(listeners, applicationArguments);
this.configureIgnoreBeanInfo(environment);
Banner printedBanner = this.printBanner(environment);
context = this.createApplicationContext();
exceptionReporters = this.getSpringFactoriesInstances(SpringBootExceptionReporter.class, new Class[]{ConfigurableApplicationContext.class}, context);
this.prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments, printedBanner);
this.refreshContext(context);
this.afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
stopWatch.stop();
if (this.logStartupInfo) {
(new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)).logStarted(this.getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
}
listeners.started(context);
this.callRunners(context, applicationArguments);
} catch (Throwable var10) {
this.handleRunFailure(context, var10, exceptionReporters, listeners);
throw new IllegalStateException(var10);
}
try {
listeners.running(context);
return context;
} catch (Throwable var9) {
this.handleRunFailure(context, var9, exceptionReporters, (SpringApplicationRunListeners)null);
throw new IllegalStateException(var9);
}
}
可以看到,又走到了大家都熟悉的spring启动代码里面去了。
综上:可以看出,不管是哪种系列的spring,最终都会走到spring基本的启动流程中,无非就是根据自己的特性需要加了一些额外的处理罢了。
标签:ssi add 读取 web环境 extc multi 名称 ar9 上下
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/tunsuy/p/14723549.html